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Nash GB. The rheology of interactions between leukocytes, platelets and the vessel wall in thrombo-inflammation. Biorheology 2024; 59:63-80. [PMID: 38461497 DOI: 10.3233/bir-230040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Leukocytes and platelets must adhere to the wall of blood vessels to carry out their protective functions in inflammation and haemostasis. Recruitment is critically dependent on rheological variables (wall shear rate and stress, red cell aggregation and haematocrit) which affect delivery to the vessel wall as well as velocities and forces experienced there. Leukocyte recruitment is efficient only up to wall shear rates of about 300 s-1 and usually restricted to low-shear post-capillary venules in inflammation. Being smaller, platelets experience lower velocities and shear forces adjacent to the wall and can adhere at much higher shear rates for haemostasis in arteries. In addition, we found quite different effects of variations in haematocrit or red cell aggregation on attachment of neutrophils or platelets, which also assist their separate recruitment in venules or arteries. However, it has become increasingly evident that inflammatory and thrombotic responses may occur together, with platelets promoting the adhesion and activation of neutrophils and monocytes. Indeed, it is 30 years since we demonstrated that platelets could cause neutrophils to aggregate in suspension and, when attached to a surface, could support selectin-mediated rolling of all leukocytes. Thrombin-activated platelets could further induce neutrophil activation and immobilisation. In some conditions, platelets could bind to intact endothelial monolayers and capture neutrophils or monocytes. Subsequently, we found that extracellular vesicles released by activated platelets (PEV) fulfilled similar functions when deposited on surfaces or bound to endothelial cells. In murine models, platelets or PEV could act as bridges for monocytes in inflamed vessels. Thus, leukocytes and platelets are rheologically adapted for their separate functions, while novel thrombo-inflammatory pathways using platelets or PEV may underlie pathogenic leukocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard B Nash
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Feng L, Chen H, Chen J, Xiong C, Shao X, Wang X, Ning J, Xiang Z, Wang X, Chen T, Xiao H, Tang H, Li X, Hong G, Zou H. The Product of Red Blood Cells and Hematocrit Can Be Used as a Novel Indicator of Impaired Fasting Blood Glucose Status. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4007-4015. [PMID: 33149640 PMCID: PMC7602892 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s270276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether the red blood cell count multiplied by hematocrit index (RBCHct) in blood routine parameters can indicate the risk of impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG), and whether it is related to insulin resistance and inflammation. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, previous history of diabetes was excluded, and people with normal and impaired IFG were included. We use Spearman analysis to evaluate the correlation between RBCHct index and fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the RBCHct index for assessing the potential risk of IFG, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the RBCHct index for diagnosing insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammatory efficacy among those with IFG. RESULTS Correlation analysis showed that the RBCHct index and fasting plasma glucose (r=0.088, P=0.003); HOMA-IR (r=0.199, P<0.001); and hs-CRP (r=0.097, P=0.001) were positively correlated. After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of IFG in the third and fourth quartiles of the RBCHct index increased to 1.889 and 3.048 times. The area under the ROC curve of the RBCHct index for diagnosis of insulin resistance state (HOMA-IR) was 0.695 (p<0.001), and the area under the ROC curve of the RBCHct index for the diagnosis of chronic low-inflammatory state (hs-CRP) was 0.641 (P=0.010). CONCLUSION The RBCHct index may be a potential indicator for assessing the risk of prediabetes and is closely related to whether the body is in a state of insulin resistance and inflammation under IFG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Feng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haishan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongxiang Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Shao
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Ning
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhicong Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guobao Hong
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hequn Zou
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hequn Zou; Xiaofei ShaoDepartment of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, 183, Zhongshan West Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou510630, People’s Republic of China Email ;
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Ghosh K. Glanzmann thrombasthenia: an editorial perspective. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2018.1419128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanjaksha Ghosh
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Surat Raktadan Kendra & Research Centre, Surat, India
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Zhou W, Yao G, Chen L, Hu X, Ye C. Pretreatment hematocrit is negatively associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Biomark Med 2017; 11:713-720. [PMID: 30669855 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the correlation between hematocrit (Hct) and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. METHODS The baseline clinicopathologic variables of included patients were retrospectively reviewed. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the predictive value of Hct on objective response. RESULTS Patients in Hct <0.396 group showed higher objective response rate (ORR) compared with patients in Hct ≥0.396 group (55.8 vs 39.3%; p = 0.049), especially in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression subtype (p = 0.045), premenopausal patients (p = 0.019) and HER2-positve patients (p = 0.021), respectively. And Hct (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.20-0.90; p = 0.024) was independently associated with ORR in breast cancer patients. CONCLUSION Hct was negatively associated with ORR, and may serve as an independent predictive factor for ORR in breast cancer patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Zhou
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Guangyu Yao
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Lujia Chen
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Changsheng Ye
- Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
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Langan SA, Navarro-Núñez L, Watson SP, Nash GB. Modulation of VEGF-induced migration and network formation by lymphatic endothelial cells: Roles of platelets and podoplanin. Platelets 2017; 29:486-495. [PMID: 28727496 PMCID: PMC6589745 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1336210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) express the transmembrane receptor podoplanin whose only known endogenous ligand CLEC-2 is found on platelets. Both podoplanin and CLEC-2 are required for normal lymphangiogenesis as mice lacking either protein develop a blood-lymphatic mixing phenotype. We investigated the roles of podoplanin and its interaction with platelets in migration and tube formation by LEC. Addition of platelets or antibody-mediated crosslinking of podoplanin inhibited LEC migration induced by vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A or VEGF-C), but did not modify basal migration or the response to basic fibroblast growth factor or epidermal growth factor. In addition, platelets and podoplanin crosslinking disrupted networks of LEC formed in co-culture with fibroblasts. Depletion of podoplanin in LEC using siRNA negated the pro-migratory effect of VEGF-A and VEGF-C. Inhibition of RhoA or Rho-kinase reduced LEC migration induced by VEGF-C, but had no further effect after crosslinking of podoplanin, suggesting that podoplanin is required for signaling downstream of VEGF-receptors but upstream of RhoA. Together, these data reveal for the first time that podoplanin is an intrinsic specific regulator of VEGF-mediated migration and network formation in LEC and identify crosslinking of podoplanin by platelets or antibodies as mechanisms to modulate this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Langan
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Leyre Navarro-Núñez
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Steve P Watson
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Gerard B Nash
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
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Li K, Gesang L, Dan Z, Gusang L. Transcriptome reveals the overexpression of a kallikrein gene cluster (KLK1/3/7/8/12) in the Tibetans with high altitude-associated polycythemia. Int J Mol Med 2016; 39:287-296. [PMID: 28000848 PMCID: PMC5358693 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High altitude-associated polycythemia (HAPC) is a very common disease. However, it the disease is still unmanageable and the related molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of HAPC using transcriptome analysis. Transcriptome analysis was conducted in 3 pairs of gastric mucosa tissues from patients with HAPC and healthy residents at a similar altitude. Endoscopy and histopathological analyses were used to examine the injury to gastric tissues. Molecular remodeling was performed for the interaction between different KLK members and cholesterol. HAPC was found to lead to morphological changes and pathological damage to the gastric mucosa of patients. A total of 10,304 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Among these genes, 4,941 DEGs were upregulated, while 5,363 DEGs were downregulated in the patients with HAPC (fold change ≥2, P<0.01 and FDR <0.01). In particular, the kallikrein gene cluster (KLK1/3/7/8/12) was upregulated >17-fold. All the members had high-score binding cholesterol, particularly for the polymers of KLK7. The kallikrein gene cluster (KLK1/3/7/8/12) is on chromosome 19q13.3-13.4. The elevated levels of KLK1, KLK3, KLK7, KLK8 and KLK12 may be closely associated with the hypertension, inflammation, obesity and other gastric injuries associated with polycythemia. The interaction of KLKs and cholesterol maybe play an important role in the development of hypertension. The findings of the present study revealed that HAPC induces gastric injury by upregulating the kallikrein gene cluster (KLK1/3/7/8/12), which can bind cholesterol and result in kallikrein hypertension. These findings provide some basic information for understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for HAPC and HAPC-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- High Altitude Medical Research Institute, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, P.R. China
| | - Luobu Gesang
- High Altitude Medical Research Institute, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, P.R. China
| | - Zeng Dan
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, P.R. China
| | - Lamu Gusang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, P.R. China
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