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Liu H, Liu M, Zhao Y, Mo R. Nanomedicine strategies to counteract cancer stemness and chemoresistance. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:630-656. [PMID: 37720349 PMCID: PMC10501898 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) identified by self-renewal ability and tumor-initiating potential are responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis in many cancers. Conventional chemotherapy fails to eradicate CSCs that hold a state of dormancy and possess multi-drug resistance. Spurred by the progress of nanotechnology for drug delivery and biomedical applications, nanomedicine has been increasingly developed to tackle stemness-associated chemotherapeutic resistance for cancer therapy. This review focuses on advances in nanomedicine-mediated therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance by specifically targeting CSCs, the combination of chemotherapeutics with chemopotentiators, and programmable controlled drug release. Perspectives from materials and formulations at the nano-scales are specifically surveyed. Future opportunities and challenges are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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Zou X, Huang Z, Guan C, Shi W, Gao J, Wang J, Cui Y, Wang M, Xu Y, Zhong X. Exosomal miRNAs in the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 544:117360. [PMID: 37086943 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is highly aggressive having an extremely poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of PC is complex and heterogeneous. Various cellular components in the microenvironment are capable of secreting different active substances that are involved in promoting tumor development. Their release may occur via exosomes, the most abundant extracellular vesicles (EVs), that can carry numerous factors as well as act as a mean of intercellular communication. Emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs are involved in the regulation and control of many pathological and physiological processes. They can also be transported by exosomes from donor cells to recipient cells, thereby regulating the TME. Exosomal miRNAs show promise for use as future targets for PC diagnosis and prognosis, which may reveal new treatment strategies for PC. In this paper, we review the important role of exosomal miRNAs in mediating cellular communication in the TME of PC as well as their potential use in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Zou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ziyue Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Canghai Guan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Wujiang Shi
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Central hospital of Baoji, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Biomarkers and In Vitro Diagnosis Translation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
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Kim IG, Lee JH, Kim SY, Heo CK, Kim RK, Cho EW. Targeting therapy-resistant lung cancer stem cells via disruption of the AKT/TSPYL5/PTEN positive-feedback loop. Commun Biol 2021; 4:778. [PMID: 34163000 PMCID: PMC8222406 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are regarded as essential targets to overcome tumor progression and therapeutic resistance; however, practical targeting approaches are limited. Here, we identify testis-specific Y-like protein 5 (TSPYL5) as an upstream regulator of CSC-associated genes in non-small cell lung cancer cells, and suggest as a therapeutic target for CSC elimination. TSPYL5 elevation is driven by AKT-dependent TSPYL5 phosphorylation at threonine-120 and stabilization via inhibiting its ubiquitination. TSPYL5-pT120 also induces nuclear translocation and functions as a transcriptional activator of CSC-associated genes, ALDH1 and CD44. Also, nuclear TSPYL5 suppresses the transcription of PTEN, a negative regulator of PI3K signaling. TSPYL5-pT120 maintains persistent CSC-like characteristics via transcriptional activation of CSC-associated genes and a positive feedback loop consisting of AKT/TSPYL5/PTEN signaling pathway. Accordingly, elimination of TSPYL5 by inhibiting TSPYL5-pT120 can block aberrant AKT/TSPYL5/PTEN cyclic signaling and TSPYL5-mediated cancer stemness regulation. Our study suggests TSPYL5 be an effective target for therapy-resistant cancer. In order to assist the development of cancer stem cell (CSC) therapy, Kim et al identified testis-specific Y-like protein 5 (TSPYL5) as an upstream regulator of CSC-associated genes in non-small cell lung cancer cells. They demonstrated in cancer cell lines and in vivo that TSPYL5 activity is dependent on AKT signalling and that disruption of TSPYL5 signalling could serve as a potential strategy to tackle therapy-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Gyu Kim
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea. .,Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Jei-Ha Lee
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seo-Yeon Kim
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Kyu Heo
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Rae-Kwon Kim
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Radiation Research Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Wie Cho
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Wang C, Ding S, Wang S, Shi Z, Pandey NK, Chudal L, Wang L, Zhang Z, Wen Y, Yao H, Lin L, Chen W, Xiong L. Endogenous tumor microenvironment-responsive multifunctional nanoplatforms for precision cancer theranostics. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Gu Y, Huang Y, Sun Y, Liang X, Kong L, Liu Z, Wang L. [Long non-coding RNA LINC01106 regulates colorectal cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis through the STAT3 pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1259-1264. [PMID: 32990221 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.09.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of LINC01106 in colorectal cancer and its role in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. METHODS We analyzed the data of LINC01106 expression levels in tumor tissues and normal tissues of patients with colorectal cancer in TCGA database and explored the association of LINC01106 expression level with the prognosis of the patients. Colorectal cancer SW480 cell lines with LINC01106 knockdown or overexpression were established, and their proliferation and apoptosis relative to the parental cells were evaluated using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The expressions of p-STAT3, STAT3, and Bcl-2 in the cells were detected by immunoblotting. Nude mouse models bearing xenografts of SW480 cells with LINC01106 knockdown or na?ve SW480 cells were established to observe the effect of LINC01106 knockdown on the growth of SW480 cells in vivo. RESULTS Analysis of the data from TCGA database showed that the expression level of LINC01106 was significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissues than in normal tissues, and LINC01106 expression level was significantly related to the prognosis of the patients (P < 0.05). Knockdown of LINC01106 significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of SW480 cells (P < 0.05), while LINC01106 overexpression significantly promoted proliferation of the cells. LINC01106 knockdown in SW-480 cells obviously lowered the expressions of p- STAT3 and Bcl-2 and suppressed the growth of the xenograft in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS LINC01106 is significantly up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissue and is related to the prognosis of the patients. LINC01106 can regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of SW480 cells through STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling and may serve as a potential marker for the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Yiming Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Lingti Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 211198, China
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Zhou L, Zhu Y, Sun D, Zhang Q. Emerging Roles of Long non-coding RNAs in The Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2094-2103. [PMID: 32549757 PMCID: PMC7294937 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.44420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse class of longer than 200 nucleotides RNA transcripts that have limited protein coding capacity. LncRNAs display diverse cellular functions and widely participate in both physiological and pathophysiological processes. Aberrant expressions of lncRNAs are correlated with tumor progression, providing sound rationale for their targeting as attractive anti-tumor therapeutic strategies. Emerging evidences support that lncRNAs participate in tumor-stroma crosstalk and stimulate a distinctive and suitable tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME comprises several stromal cells such as cancer stem cells (CSCs), cancer-associated endothelial cells (CAEs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and infiltrated immune cells, all of which are involved in the complicated crosstalk with tumor cells to affect tumor progression. In this review, we summarize the essential properties and functional roles of known lncRNAs in related to the TME to validate lncRNAs as potential biomarkers and promising anti-cancer targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Zhou
- Taizhou University hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Taizhou University hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Dongsheng Sun
- Taizhou University hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
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Yaiza JM, Gloria RA, María Belén GO, Elena LR, Gema J, Juan Antonio M, María Ángel GC, Houria B. Melanoma cancer stem-like cells: Optimization method for culture, enrichment and maintenance. Tissue Cell 2019; 60:48-59. [PMID: 31582018 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant Melanoma is known for being one of the most aggressive cancers with an incidence that increases every year. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in the resistance to therapeutic treatments, the metastatic process, and the patient's relapses. Thus, it is of vital importance for researchers to find the methodology that allows us to obtain enriched subpopulations that maintain their stem-like properties without differentiating over time. In the present manuscript, our objective was to compare the ability of conditioned medium obtained from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated by enzymatic and non-enzymatic methods for the enrichment and maintenance of melanoma CSCs. Our results showed for the first time that MSCs isolated by less aggressive methodology displayed higher CSCs enrichment and maintenance capacity. Because they do not undergo enzymatic and proteolytic stress, MSCs produce a greater amount of signalling molecules, helping to improve the phenotype characteristics of CSCs and keep them over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiménez Martínez Yaiza
- Biopathology and Medicine Regenerative Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ruiz Alcalá Gloria
- Biopathology and Medicine Regenerative Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - García Ortega María Belén
- Biopathology and Medicine Regenerative Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - López-Ruiz Elena
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, E-23071, Spain; Excellence 5Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat) University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Jiménez Gema
- Biopathology and Medicine Regenerative Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Excellence 5Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat) University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Marchal Juan Antonio
- Biopathology and Medicine Regenerative Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Excellence 5Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat) University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - García Chaves María Ángel
- Biopathology and Medicine Regenerative Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology III, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Boulaiz Houria
- Biopathology and Medicine Regenerative Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Excellence 5Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat) University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain.
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Tang X, Qiao X, Chen C, Liu Y, Zhu J, Liu J. Regulation Mechanism of Long Noncoding RNAs in Colon Cancer Development and Progression. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:319-325. [PMID: 30900417 PMCID: PMC6433576 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.4.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and its high rates of relapse and metastasis are associated with a poor prognosis. Despite extensive research, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of CRC remain unclear. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a major type of noncoding RNAs that have received increasing attention in the past few years, and studies have shown that they play a role in many biological processes in CRC. Here, we summarize recent studies on lncRNAs associated with CRC and the signaling pathways and mechanisms underlying this association. We show that dysregulated lncRNAs may be new prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for clinical application. This review contributes not only to our understanding of CRC, but also suggests novel signaling pathways associated with lncRNAs that can be targeted to block or eradicate CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaofang Qiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanda Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaming Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Ghaffari H, Beik J, Talebi A, Mahdavi SR, Abdollahi H. New physical approaches to treat cancer stem cells: a review. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 20:1502-1521. [PMID: 29869042 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified as the main center of tumor therapeutic resistance. They are highly resistant against current cancer therapy approaches particularly radiation therapy (RT). Recently, a wide spectrum of physical methods has been proposed to treat CSCs, including high energetic particles, hyperthermia (HT), nanoparticles (NPs) and combination of these approaches. In this review article, the importance and benefits of the physical CSCs therapy methods such as nanomaterial-based heat treatments and particle therapy will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ghaffari
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Junction of Shahid Hemmat and Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Beik
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Junction of Shahid Hemmat and Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Talebi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Junction of Shahid Hemmat and Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran
| | - S R Mahdavi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Junction of Shahid Hemmat and Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Junction of Shahid Hemmat and Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran.
| | - H Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Junction of Shahid Hemmat and Chamran Expressway, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhao J, Fu Y, Wu J, Li J, Huang G, Qin L. The Diverse Mechanisms of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the Maintenance of Liver Cancer Stem Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8686027. [PMID: 29888282 PMCID: PMC5977062 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8686027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The high frequency of recurrence and metastasis is the main reason for poor prognosis. Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) have unlimited self-renewal, differentiation, and tumor-regenerating capacities. The maintenance of CSCs may account for the refractory features of liver cancer. Despite extensive investigations, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of liver CSCs remain elusive. miRNA and lncRNA, two major classes of the ncRNA family, can exert important roles in various biological processes, and their diverse regulatory mechanisms in CSC maintenance have acquired increasing attention. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of reviews summarizing these findings. Therefore, we systematically recapitulated the latest studies on miRNAs and lncRNAs in sustaining liver CSCs. Moreover, we highlighted the potential clinical application of these dysregulated ncRNAs as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review not only sheds new light to fully understand liver CSCs but also provides valuable clues on targeting ncRNAs to block or eradicate CSCs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Guangjian Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lunxiu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Chen S, Zhu J, Wang F, Guan Z, Ge Y, Yang X, Cai J. LncRNAs and their role in cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110685-110692. [PMID: 29299179 PMCID: PMC5746414 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a vital role in the formation of tumors and have been studied as a target of anticancer therapy. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in the genesis and progression of cancer. Various lncRNAs, such as ROR, HOTAIR, H19, UCA1, and ARSR, are involved in cancer stemness. These lncRNAs could regulate the expression of CSC-related transcriptional factors, such as SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG, in colorectal, prostate, bladder, breast, liver, and other cancer types. In this work, we review the progress of lncRNAs and cancer stem cells and discuss the potential signal pathways of lncRNAs in cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Zhifeng Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Yangyang Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
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