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Wang B, Chen K, Gao M, Sun X, He W, Chen J, Yang W, Yang T, Qin H, Ruan H, Huang H, Lin T, Huang J. Chitinase 3-like 1 expression associated with lymphatic metastasis and prognosis in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Clin Transl Immunology 2024; 13:e1505. [PMID: 38623539 PMCID: PMC11017757 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Lymphatic metastasis, an early stage of the metastasis process, is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). However, the role of inflammation in triggering lymphatic metastasis remains unclear. Methods We employed an RNA-sequencing cohort (n = 50) from Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital (SYMH) to identify the most highly upregulated inflammatory gene associated with lymphatic metastasis. Using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses, we validated the association of the identified molecule with clinical features and prognosis in an independent UCB cohort (n = 244) from SYMH. We also analysed TCGA-BLCA cohort (n = 408) to identify its potential biological pathways and immune landscape. Results In our study, chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) emerged as a significantly overexpressed proinflammatory mediator in UCB tissues with lymphatic metastasis compared to those without lymphatic metastasis (81.1% vs. 47.8%, P < 0.001). Within UCB tissues, CHI3L1 was expressed in both stromal cells (52.8%) and tumor cells (7.3%). Moreover, CHI3L1+ stromal cells, but not tumor cells, exhibited independent prognostic significance for both overall survival (P < 0.001) and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.006). CHI3L1+ stromal cells were positively associated with D2-40+ lymphatic vessel density (P < 0.001) and the immunosuppressive PD-L1/PD-1/CD8 axis in UCB tissues (all P < 0.05). A bioinformatics analysis also identified a positive association between CHI3L1 expression and lymphangiogenesis or immunosuppression pathways. Conclusion Our study established a clear association between stromal CHI3L1 expression and lymphatic metastasis, suggesting that stromal CHI3L1 expression is a potential prognostic marker for bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong‐Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Mingchao Gao
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xi Sun
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wang He
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tenghao Yang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Haide Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong‐Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Honglian Ruan
- School of Public HealthGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong‐Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Zhang X, Peng W, Fan J, Luo R, Liu S, Du W, Luo C, Zheng J, Pan X, Ge H. Regulatory role of Chitinase 3-like 1 gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma proved by integration analyses of single-cell sequencing with cohort and experimental validations. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:145. [PMID: 37480002 PMCID: PMC10362555 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02987-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most common thyroid carcinomas. The gross extrathyroidal extension and extensive metastases of PTC lead to high rates of recurrence and poor clinical outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying PTC development are poorly understood. In this study, using single-cell RNA sequencing, the transcriptome profiles of two PTC patients were addressed, including PTC1 with low malignancy and good prognosis and PTC2 with high malignancy and poor prognosis. We found that epithelial subcluster Epi02 was the most associated with the malignant development of PTC cells, with which the fold change of Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is on the top of the differentially expressed genes between PTC1 and PTC2 (P < 0.001). However CHI3L1 is rarely investigated in PTC as far. We then studied its role in PTC with a series of experiments. Firstly, qRT-PCR analysis of 14 PTC patients showed that the expression of CHI3L1 was positively correlated with malignancy. In addition, overexpression or silencing of CHI3L1 in TPC-1 cells, a PTC cell line, cultured in vitro showed that the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of the cells were promoted or alleviated by CHI3L1. Further, immunohistochemistry analysis of 110 PTC cases revealed a significant relationship between CHI3L1 protein expression and PTC progression, especially the T (P < 0.001), N (P < 0.001), M stages (P = 0.007) and gross ETE (P < 0.001). Together, our results prove that CHI3L1 is a positive regulator of malignant development of PTC, and it promotes proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of PTC cells. Our study improves understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of PTC and provides new insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Head Neck and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanwan Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Head Neck and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruihua Luo
- Department of Head Neck and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanting Liu
- Department of Head Neck and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Head Neck and Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaochao Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Zheng
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China.
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Li Y, Hu F, Deng J, Huang X, Zhou C, Wu M, Duan D. Proteomic analysis of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer identifies CHI3L1 upregulation in association with dysfunction of the sodium-iodine symporter. Oncol Lett 2022; 25:36. [PMID: 36589664 PMCID: PMC9773326 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC) is the main factor adversely affecting the overall survival rate of patients with thyroid cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of pathogenesis of RR-DTC and to explore novel therapeutic targets for clinical treatment. A proteomic analysis was performed using the tumor tissues of patients with RR-DTC. A total of 6 metastatic lymph nodes were collected during lymph node dissection, 3 from patients with RR-DTC and 3 from patients with papillary thyroid cancer. The expression of chitinase-3-like 1 (CHI3L1) and sodium-iodine symporter (NIS) in the tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Western blotting was used to detect the expression of CHI3L1, phosphorylated (p)-MEK and p-ERK1/2 in PTC-K1 cells transfected with CHI3L1 overexpression vector. The proteomic analysis identified 665 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 327 upregulated and 338 downregulated proteins in the RR-DTC group, which were enriched in 59 signaling pathways by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database analysis. In particular, CHI3L1 was demonstrated to be significantly upregulated in RR-DTC as evidenced by quantitative proteomic analysis and IHC. Western blotting suggested that the overexpression of CHI3L1 activated the MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, which may lead to NIS dysfunction. In conclusion, the present study suggests that CHI3L1 is a potential molecular target for the radiotherapy of patients with RR-DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Fengqiong Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China
| | - Mengxue Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Dong Duan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Dong Duan, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, 118 Xingguang Avenue, Yubei, Chongqing 401147, P.R. China, E-mail:
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4
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Multi-omics profiling reveals Chitinase-3-like protein 1 as a key mediator in the crosstalk between sarcopenia and liver cancer. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102538. [PMID: 36417796 PMCID: PMC9682348 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is prevalent in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and can adversely affect their outcomes. This study aims to explore the key mechanisms in the crosstalk between sarcopenia and HCC based on multi-omics profiling. A total of 136 male patients with HCC were enrolled. Sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for poor outcomes after liver transplantation (p < 0.05). Inflammatory cytokine and metabolomic profiling on these patients identified elevated plasma sTNF-R1/CHI3L1 and dysregulated lipid metabolism as related to sarcopenia and tumor recurrence risk concurrently (p < 0.05). Integrated analysis revealed close relationship between CHI3L1 and fatty acid metabolism. In mouse cachectic models by intraperitoneal injection of H22 cells, CHI3L1 was significantly elevated in the atrophic muscle tissue, as well as in circulation. In-vitro, CHI3L1 was up-regulated in muscle cells to protect itself from inflammatory damage through TNF-α/TNF-R1 signaling. CHI3L1 secreted by the muscle cells promoted the invasion of co-cultured HCC cells. Tumor tissue transcriptome data for 73 out of the 136 patients revealed that CHI3L1 may regulate fatty acid metabolism and oxidative stress. In vitro, CHI3L1 caused ROS and lipid accumulation. Targeted lipid profiling further proved that CHI3L1 was able to activate arachidonic acid metabolism, leading to lipid peroxide (LPO) accumulation. Meanwhile, LPO inhibition could compromise the remarkable pro-cancerous effects of CHI3L1. In conclusion, sarcopenia adversely affects the outcomes of liver transplantation for HCC. In sarcopenic patients, CHI3L1 was up-regulated and secreted by the skeletal muscle to protect itself through TNF-α/TNF-R1 signaling, which, in turn, can promote HCC tumor progression by inducing LPO accumulation.
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5
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Wang S, Chen S, Jin M, Hu M, Huang W, Jiang Z, Yang J, Zhang Y, Wu H, Hu Y, He W, Fu L. Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum Chitinase 3-like protein 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24234. [PMID: 35034385 PMCID: PMC8841184 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The serum Chitinase 3‐like protein 1 (CHI3L1) protein level can distinguish the stages of liver fibrosis to a great extent. However, the diagnostic and prognostic significance of serum CHI3L1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not clarified. To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of CHI3L1 in HCC, a total of 128 HCC patients treated in the HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, from December 2018 to April 2020 were collected retrospectively. Matched age and gender subjects, 40 patients with liver cirrhosis, 40 patients with chronic hepatitis, and 40 healthy subjects were enrolled in the control group. The relevant clinical laboratory and examination data and the overall survival time (OS) of the HCC patients were collected. The serum CHI3L1 expression level is related to α‐fetoprotein (AFP), tumor‐node‐metastasis (TNM) stage, maximum tumor diameter, liver cirrhosis, and HCC patient's OS (p < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of CHI3L1 was 0.7875 with the cutoff value of 91.36 ng/ml. Combining the serum CHI3L1 and α‐fetoprotein (AFP) by a binary logistic regression model can increase the diagnostic sensitivity to 97.5%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that CHI3L1 is an independent prognostic factor in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Wang
- Department of Infection and Hepatology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shixiang Chen
- Department of Hepatology, Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Mengyuan Hu
- Department of Infection and Hepatology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weiguang Huang
- Department of International Health Care Center, Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenluo Jiang
- Department of Emergency, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianuo Yang
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Haoming Wu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaoren Hu
- Department of Infection and Hepatology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Digestive System tumors, Ningbo, China
| | - Weixin He
- Department of Liver Disease and Infection, 906 Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, China
| | - Liyun Fu
- Department of Infection and Hepatology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Digestive System tumors, Ningbo, China
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6
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Oh IH, Pyo JS, Son BK. Prognostic Impact of YKL-40 Immunohistochemical Expression in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:3139-3149. [PMID: 34436040 PMCID: PMC8395453 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28040274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of the YKL-40 immunohistochemical expression of tumor and immune cells through human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue. We performed immunohistochemistry for YKL-40 and investigated the clinicopathological and prognostic impact of the YKL-40 expression of tumor (T-YKL-40) and immune cells (I-YKL-40) in CRC. We also evaluated the correlation between YKL-40 and PD-L1 expression and the immunoscore. YKL-40 was expressed in 22.6% and 64.2% of T-YKL-40 and I-YKL-40, respectively, out of the 265 CRC tissues. The I-YKL-40 expression significantly correlated with well and moderately differentiated tumors. The PD-L1 expression in immune cells significantly correlated with the I-YKL-40 expression, but not T-YKL-40 expression (p = 0.020 and p = 0.846, respectively). The I-YKL-40 expression significantly correlated with a worse overall survival rate but not recurrence-free survival (p = 0.047 and p = 0.080, respectively). However, there was no significant correlation between the T-YKL-40 expression and survival. In CRCs with a high immunoscore, patients with I-YKL-40 expression demonstrated worse overall and recurrence-free survival than those without I-YKL-40 expression. Our results demonstrated that I-YKL-40 expression significantly correlated with tumor differentiation and PD-L1 expression in immune cells. I-YKL-40 expression can be useful for the prognostic stratification of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si 11759, Korea;
| | - Jung-Soo Pyo
- Department of Pathology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si 11759, Korea;
| | - Byoung Kwan Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si 11759, Korea;
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Dimitrova I, Shinkov A, Dodova R, Ivanova R, Kirilov G, Kyurkchiyan S, Kaneva R, Kovatcheva R. Increased gene expression of TIMP1 and CHI3L1 in fine-needle aspiration biopsy samples from papillary thyroid cancer as compared to benign nodules. Diagn Cytopathol 2021; 49:1045-1051. [PMID: 34170085 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules are common ultrasound findings with malignancy rate 7%-15%. Our objective was to assess the relative expression of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 gene (TIMP1) and chitinase-3-like protein 1 gene (CHI3L1) in fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) washouts and the serum levels of their protein products (TIMP-1 and chitinase-3-like protein 1 known as YKL-40) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and patients with benign nodules. Furthermore, the correlation between gene expression and circulating protein product was evaluated. METHODS Eighty patients who underwent FNAB in one tertiary center were recruited in the study. Forty with Bethesda V and VI nodules were operated and PTC was confirmed. The other 40 patients were with Bethesda II nodules. TIMP-1 and YKL-40 serum levels were measured in all subjects. The TIMP1 and CHI3L1 expression was assessed in FNAB washouts from 20 PTC patients and 20 benign cases using quantitative PCR. RESULTS The relative expression of TIMP1 and CHI3L1 was significantly higher in the PTC group than in the benign group (p < .001 for TIMP1; p = .018 for CHI3L1). The PTC patients had higher serum TIMP-1 than the patients with benign nodules (p = .036). We did not find significant difference in the YKL-40 level between the two groups. TIMP1 and CHI3L1 expression did not correlate with the serum levels of their protein products. CONCLUSION FNAB washouts could be used for identification of diagnostic markers. The increased TIMP1 and CHI3L1 expression implies a role of these genes in the PTC carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Dimitrova
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexander Shinkov
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumyana Dodova
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radina Ivanova
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Kirilov
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Silva Kyurkchiyan
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Chitinase-3 like-protein-1 function and its role in diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:201. [PMID: 32929074 PMCID: PMC7490424 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic chitinase-3 like-protein-1 (CHI3L1) belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 18. It binds to chitin, heparin, and hyaluronic acid, and is regulated by extracellular matrix changes, cytokines, growth factors, drugs, and stress. CHI3L1 is synthesized and secreted by a multitude of cells including macrophages, neutrophils, synoviocytes, chondrocytes, fibroblast-like cells, smooth muscle cells, and tumor cells. It plays a major role in tissue injury, inflammation, tissue repair, and remodeling responses. CHI3L1 has been strongly associated with diseases including asthma, arthritis, sepsis, diabetes, liver fibrosis, and coronary artery disease. Moreover, following its initial identification in the culture supernatant of the MG63 osteosarcoma cell line, CHI3L1 has been shown to be overexpressed in a wealth of both human cancers and animal tumor models. To date, interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2, transmembrane protein 219, galectin-3, chemo-attractant receptor-homologous 2, and CD44 have been identified as CHI3L1 receptors. CHI3L1 signaling plays a critical role in cancer cell growth, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, activation of tumor-associated macrophages, and Th2 polarization of CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, CHI3L1-based targeted therapy has been increasingly applied to the treatment of tumors including glioma and colon cancer as well as rheumatoid arthritis. This review summarizes the potential roles and mechanisms of CHI3L1 in oncogenesis and disease pathogenesis, then posits investigational strategies for targeted therapies.
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9
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Iacobas DA. Biomarkers, Master Regulators and Genomic Fabric Remodeling in a Case of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1030. [PMID: 32887258 PMCID: PMC7565446 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Publicly available (own) transcriptomic data have been analyzed to quantify the alteration in functional pathways in thyroid cancer, establish the gene hierarchy, identify potential gene targets and predict the effects of their manipulation. The expression data have been generated by profiling one case of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and genetically manipulated BCPAP (papillary) and 8505C (anaplastic) human thyroid cancer cell lines. The study used the genomic fabric paradigm that considers the transcriptome as a multi-dimensional mathematical object based on the three independent characteristics that can be derived for each gene from the expression data. We found remarkable remodeling of the thyroid hormone synthesis, cell cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and apoptosis pathways. Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type, 2 (SPINT2) was identified as the Gene Master Regulator of the investigated PTC. The substantial increase in the expression synergism of SPINT2 with apoptosis genes in the cancer nodule with respect to the surrounding normal tissue (NOR) suggests that SPINT2 experimental overexpression may force the PTC cells into apoptosis with a negligible effect on the NOR cells. The predictive value of the expression coordination for the expression regulation was validated with data from 8505C and BCPAP cell lines before and after lentiviral transfection with DDX19B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dumitru A Iacobas
- Personalized Genomics Laboratory, CRI Center for Computational Systems Biology, Roy G Perry College of Engineering, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
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10
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Cheng SP, Lee JJ, Chang YC, Lin CH, Li YS, Liu CL. Overexpression of chitinase-3-like protein 1 is associated with structural recurrence in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. J Pathol 2020; 252:114-124. [PMID: 32613636 DOI: 10.1002/path.5503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We previously identified that the expression of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) was upregulated during thyroid cancer progression. Here, we investigated the prognostic significance of CHI3L1 expression in thyroid neoplasms and examined the potential oncogenic roles. CHI3L1 immunochemical staining was performed on tissue microarrays of benign and malignant thyroid tumours. Compared with normal thyroid tissue and benign thyroid lesions that had low or no detectable CHI3L1 expression, CHI3L1 was overexpressed in both differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid cancer. High CHI3L1 expression was associated with extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, and shorter recurrence-free survival in differentiated thyroid cancer. The biological roles of CHI3L1 were further investigated by gain- and loss-of-function assays. CHI3L1 silencing suppressed clonogenicity, migration, invasion, anoikis resistance, and angiogenesis in thyroid cancer cells, although exogenous CHI3L1 treatment promoted these malignant phenotypes. Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61) was identified as a downstream target of CHI3L1 by RNA-seq analysis. CYR61 silencing or treatment reversed the alterations induced by CHI3L1 modulation. Our results demonstrate that CHI3L1 is overexpressed in thyroid cancer and is associated with an increased risk of disease recurrence. Additionally, CYR61 may participate in CHI3L1-mediated tumour progression. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ping Cheng
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Jen Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ching Chang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Syuan Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Liang Liu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Singh U, Hur M, Dorman K, Wurtele ES. MetaOmGraph: a workbench for interactive exploratory data analysis of large expression datasets. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:e23. [PMID: 31956905 PMCID: PMC7039010 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse and growing omics data in public domains provide researchers with tremendous opportunity to extract hidden, yet undiscovered, knowledge. However, the vast majority of archived data remain unused. Here, we present MetaOmGraph (MOG), a free, open-source, standalone software for exploratory analysis of massive datasets. Researchers, without coding, can interactively visualize and evaluate data in the context of its metadata, honing-in on groups of samples or genes based on attributes such as expression values, statistical associations, metadata terms and ontology annotations. Interaction with data is easy via interactive visualizations such as line charts, box plots, scatter plots, histograms and volcano plots. Statistical analyses include co-expression analysis, differential expression analysis and differential correlation analysis, with significance tests. Researchers can send data subsets to R for additional analyses. Multithreading and indexing enable efficient big data analysis. A researcher can create new MOG projects from any numerical data; or explore an existing MOG project. MOG projects, with history of explorations, can be saved and shared. We illustrate MOG by case studies of large curated datasets from human cancer RNA-Seq, where we identify novel putative biomarker genes in different tumors, and microarray and metabolomics data from Arabidopsis thaliana. MOG executable and code: http://metnetweb.gdcb.iastate.edu/ and https://github.com/urmi-21/MetaOmGraph/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urminder Singh
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Manhoi Hur
- Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Karin Dorman
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Eve Syrkin Wurtele
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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12
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Liu W, Yang YJ, An Q. LINC00963 Promotes Ovarian Cancer Proliferation, Migration and EMT via the miR-378g / CHI3L1 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:463-473. [PMID: 32021459 PMCID: PMC6982455 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s229083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) are involved in the development and progression of numerous tumors. Nevertheless, their role in ovarian cancer (OC) needs further study. METHODS A pivotal lncRNA that modulated OC to metastasize was determined in this research, and its potential mechanism was inquired by qRT-PCR, CCK-8, EdU, Transwell assay, wound healing assay and Western blot assay. RESULTS In our study, the GSE119054 microarray was analyzed, and LINC00963 showed a significant higher level in ovarian cancer tissues compared with controls. So LINC00963 was selected as research object. It was discovered that LINC00963 displayed a close relationship with unfavorable prognosis, and it was prominently raised in OC tissues of patients with lymph node metastasis. What's more, LINC00963 downregulation in OC cells inhibited cell migration and invasion and inverted EMT triggered by TGF-β1. LINC00963 downregulation also inhibited tumorigenesis in nude mice. In addition, results show that LINC00963 is a cytoplasmic lncRNA that shares the miRNA response elements (MREs) of miR-378g with CHI3L1, which is confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay and AGO2-dependent RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). CONCLUSION On the whole, our results demonstrate an explicit oncogenic role of LINC00963 in ovarian cancer tumorigenesis via competition with miR-378g, suggesting a new regulatory mechanism of LINC00963 and providing a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jia Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang An
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Nagayama Y, Mishima H. Heterogenous nature of gene expression patterns in BRAF-like papillary thyroid carcinomas with BRAF V600E. Endocrine 2019; 66:607-613. [PMID: 31478162 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-02063-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs) are the most common type of thyroid cancers, in which BRAFV600E is the most prevalent driver mutation. It is known that BRAFV600E-positive PTCs are clinically and molecularly heterogenous in terms of aggressiveness and prognosis. The molecular mechanisms of this heterogeneity were evaluated. METHODS The publicly available RNA-seq data for 26 classical (c) and 5 follicular variant (fv) PTCs with BRAFV600E mutation and the BRAF-like expression signature in the BRAFV600E-RAS score (BRS) and their respective normal adjacent tissues were downloaded, and analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were then analyzed with the Gene Ontology annotation and the KEGG pathway dataset. RESULTS We found four lines of evidence for heterogeneity of cPTCs. First, the cluster dendrogram and principle component analyses could not completely distinguish the cancer tissues from normal tissues. Second, the DEGs identified in each sample were highly diverse from one another. Third, although the DEGs were enriched in many terms containing the word "extracellular" ("extracellular region", "extracellular space", and so on) when analyzed as groups, the degree of this enrichment was variable when analyzed individually. Fourth, there are only a few intersections in the over-/underexpressed genes annotated with the terms containing the word "extracellular" among the samples examined. Essentially same results were obtained with BRAF-like, fvPTCs with BRAFV600E. Nevertheless, some frequently over-/underexpressed genes were detected, of which LIPH (lipase H) expression was found to be prognostic and its high expression was favorable for PTCs. CONCLUSION Groups of BRAF-like, BRAFV600E-positive cPTCs and fvPTCs that are homogenous in regard to histopathology, driver mutation and BRS were found to be highly heterogenous in terms of gene expression patterns. Yet, among the genes that were annotated with the terms containing the word "extracellular" and frequently over-/underexpressed, LIPH is a favorable prognostic marker for PTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nagayama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Mishima
- Department of Human Genetics, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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14
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Yeo IJ, Lee CK, Han SB, Yun J, Hong JT. Roles of chitinase 3-like 1 in the development of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 203:107394. [PMID: 31356910 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted glycoprotein that mediates inflammation, macrophage polarization, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. The expression of CHI3L1 is strongly increased by various inflammatory and immunological conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and several cancers. However, its physiological and pathophysiological roles in the development of cancer and neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases remain unclear. Several studies have reported that CHI3L1 promotes cancer proliferation, inflammatory cytokine production, and microglial activation, and that multiple receptors, such as advanced glycation end product, syndecan-1/αVβ3, and IL-13Rα2, are involved. In addition, the pro-inflammatory action of CHI3L1 may be mediated via the protein kinase B and phosphoinositide-3 signaling pathways and responses to various pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interferon-γ. Therefore, CHI3L1 could contribute to a vast array of inflammatory diseases. In this article, we review recent findings regarding the roles of CHI3L1 and suggest therapeutic approaches targeting CHI3L1 in the development of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Jun Yeo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Kil Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Zhong W, Pu Y, Tan W, Liu J, Liao J, Liu B, Chen K, Yu B, Hu Y, Deng Y, Zhang J, Liu H. Identification and Application of an Aptamer Targeting Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using Tissue-SELEX. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8289-8297. [PMID: 31141341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers, short DNA or RNA oligonucleotides, which evolved from systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), can perform specific target recognition. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is of high incidence worldwide, and the prognosis of advanced PTC is poor. Up to now, there is no specific biomarker that can identify PTC and defects still remain in existing diagnostic methods. Here we report an aptamer, termed TC-6, which is generated from tissue-SELEX by using sections of papillary thyroid carcinoma and a normal thyroid gland. TC-6 could specifically target intracellular components of papillary thyroid cells with high affinity ( Kd = 57.66 ± 5.93 nmol/L) and have performed excellent biocompatibility both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, fluorescence imaging of PTC tumor-bearing mice revealed that TC-6 was able to accumulate in tumor sites and could distinguish thyroid carcinoma from other benign thyroid diseases efficiently. In addition, TC-6d, a truncated aptamer of TC-6, maintained its affinity toward PTC with Kd of 39.20 ± 8.20 nmol/L. Overall, these results indicate that TC-6 is a potential candidate for developing novel tools for diagnosis and targeted therapy of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhong
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Ying Pu
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Jun Liu
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Jie Liao
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Bo Liu
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Ke Chen
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Bo Yu
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Yalan Hu
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Yuanyuan Deng
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Jiani Zhang
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
| | - Huixia Liu
- Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410008 , China
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16
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High expression of Chitinase 3-like-1 is an unfavorable prognostic factor in urothelial carcinoma of upper urinary tract and urinary bladder. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:299.e7-299.e18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Xu Y, Chen J, Yang Z, Xu L. Identification of RNA Expression Profiles in Thyroid Cancer to Construct a Competing Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) Network of mRNAs, Long Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1140-1154. [PMID: 30745559 PMCID: PMC6380385 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aims of this study were to use RNA expression profile bioinformatics data from cases of thyroid cancer from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and the Gene Ontology (GO) databases to construct a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of mRNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). Material/Methods TCGA provided RNA profiles from 515 thyroid cancer tissues and 56 normal thyroid tissues. The DESeq R package analyzed high-throughput sequencing data on differentially expressed RNAs. GO and KEGG pathway analysis used the DAVID 6.8 and the ClusterProfile R package. Kaplan-Meier survival statistics and Cox regression analysis were performed. The thyroid cancer ceRNA network was constructed based on the miRDB, miRTarBase, and TargetScan databases. Results There were 1,098 mRNAs associated with thyroid cancer; 101 mRNAs were associated with overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis developed a risk scoring system that identified seven signature mRNAs, with a discriminative value of 0.88, determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A ceRNA network included 13 mRNAs, 31 lncRNAs, and seven miRNAs. Four out of the 31 lncRNAs and all miRNAs were down-regulated, and the remaining RNAs were upregulated. Two lncRNAs (MIR1281A2HG and OPCML-IT1) and one miRNA (miR-184) were significantly associated with OS in patients with thyroid cancer. Conclusions Differential RNA expression profiling in thyroid cancer was used to construct a ceRNA network of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs that showed potential in evaluating prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jiuwei Chen
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lihua Xu
- Department of Nursing, The Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
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18
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Luo D, Xu X, Li J, Chen C, Chen W, Wang F, Xie Y, Li F. The PDK1/c‑Jun pathway activated by TGF‑β induces EMT and promotes proliferation and invasion in human glioblastoma. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2067-2080. [PMID: 30106127 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant tumor affecting the human brain. Despite improvements in therapeutic technologies, patients with GBM have a poor clinical result and the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of GBM have not yet been fully elucidated. 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) is upregulated in various tumors and promotes tumor invasion. In glioma, transforming growth factor-β (TGF‑β) promotes cell invasion; however, whether TGF‑β directly regulates PDK1 protein and promotes proliferation and invasion is not yet clear. In this study, PDK1 levels were measured in glioma tissues using tissue microarray (TMA) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RT‑qPCR. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to calculate the survival rate of patients with glioma. In vitro, U251 and U87 glioma cell lines were used for functional analyses. Cell proliferation and invasion were analyzed using siRNA transfection, MTT assay, RT‑qPCR, western blot analysis, flow cytometry and invasion assay. In vivo, U251 glioma cell xenografts were established. The results revealed that PDK1 protein was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues compared with non-tumorous tissues. Furthermore, the higher PDK1 levels were associated with a large tumor size (>5.0 cm), a higher WHO grade and a shorter survival of patients with GBM. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that PDK1 was an independent prognostic factor. In vivo, PDK1 promoted glioma tumor xenograft growth. In vitro, functional analyses confirmed that TGF‑β upregulated PDK1 protein expression and PDK1 promoted cell migration and invasion, and functioned as an oncogene in GBM, by upregulating c‑Jun protein and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). c‑Jun protein were overexpressed in glioma tissues and positively correlated with PDK1 levels. Moreover, our findings were further validated by the online Oncomine database. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that in GBM, PDK1 functions as an oncogene, promoting proliferation and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyuan Luo
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xinke Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Junliang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Fangyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Fangcheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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19
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Jian J, Chen Y, Liberti R, Fu W, Hu W, Saunders-Pullman R, Pastores GM, Chen Y, Sun Y, Grabowski GA, Liu CJ. Chitinase-3-like Protein 1: A Progranulin Downstream Molecule and Potential Biomarker for Gaucher Disease. EBioMedicine 2018; 28:251-260. [PMID: 29396296 PMCID: PMC5835567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that progranulin (PGRN) is a novel regulator of glucocerebrosidase and its deficiency associates with Gaucher Diseases (GD) (Jian et al., 2016a; Jian et al., 2018). To isolate the relevant downstream molecules, we performed a whole genome microarray and mass spectrometry analysis, which led to the isolation of Chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1) as one of the up-regulated genes in PGRN null mice. Elevated levels of CHI3L1 were confirmed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. In contrast, treatment with recombinant Pcgin, a derivative of PGRN, as well as imigluerase, significantly reduced the expressions of CHI3L1 in both PGRN null GD model and the fibroblasts from GD patients. Serum levels of CHIT1, a clinical biomarker for GD, were significantly higher in GD patients than healthy controls (51.16±2.824ng/ml vs 35.07±2.099ng/ml, p<0.001). Similar to CHIT1, serum CHI3L1 was also significantly increased in GD patients compared with healthy controls (1736±152.1pg/ml vs 684.7±68.20pg/ml, p<0.001). Whereas the PGRN level is significantly reduced in GD patients as compared to the healthy control (91.56±3.986ng/ml vs 150.6±4.501, p<0.001). Collectively, these results indicate that CHI3L1 may be a previously unrecognized biomarker for diagnosing GD and for evaluating the therapeutic effects of new GD drug(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Jian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Yuehong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Rossella Liberti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Wenyu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Wenhuo Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | | | - Gregory M Pastores
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Depression Evaluation Service, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ying Sun
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Gregory A Grabowski
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10003, USA; Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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20
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Suwanwela J, Osathanon T. Inflammation related genes are upregulated in surgical margins of advanced stage oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2017; 7:193-197. [PMID: 29123999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Advanced stage of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exhibits different properties compared with the early stage for example an invasion ability. The present study investigated a differential gene expression of surgical margin between advanced and early stage of OSCC. Methods Gene Expression Omnibus dataset (GSE31056) was downloaded and re-analyzed. Surgical margin samples were categorized into 2 groups; early stage and late stage. Differential gene expression analysis was performed. Dysregulated genes were further analyzed for gene ontology, enriched pathway, and disease association using a network-based analysis tools. Results Eighty-five dysregulated genes were identified in margin of late stage OSCC. Metabolic process and biological regulation were the main gene ontology of dysregulated genes. Genes involved in Jak-STAT signaling pathway were upregulated in late stage of surgical margin samples. In addition, seven upregulated genes in late stage group, namely CEBPB, S1PR1, IL6, CEBPD, CHI3L1, PTX3, and SOCS3, were categorized in acute phase reaction and inflammation categories of disease association analysis. Conclusion The differential expressed genes in surgical margin of late stage OSCC could be further employed to understand cancer's behavior and to identify target pathway to prevent OSCC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaijam Suwanwela
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Craniofacial Genetics and Stem Cell Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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21
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Luo D, Chen W, Tian Y, Li J, Xu X, Chen C, Li F. Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A member 3 (SERPINA3), is overexpressed in glioma and associated with poor prognosis in glioma patients. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2173-2181. [PMID: 28458560 PMCID: PMC5403010 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s133022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common and aggressive human primary tumor in the central nervous system. Despite present clinical advancements, median survival time remains poor in this malignant tumor. Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A member 3 (SERPINA3), is a member of the serpin superfamily of protease inhibitors. Its aberrant expression has been observed in various tumors. However, its clinical significance and biological function in glioma remain unclear, especially for the prognosis of glioma patients. In this study, we investigated SERPINA3 expression in glioma tissue samples and its significance in predicting the prognosis of glioma patients. SERPINA3 protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry, while real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to study SERPINA3 mRNA expression. We found that SERPINA3 was upregulated in glioma tissue at both mRNA and protein levels, compared with noncancerous brain tissues. We also found that high SERPINA3 expression in glioma tissues correlated significantly with advanced World Health Organization grade. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that high SERPINA3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival of glioma patients. Moreover, our findings were further validated by online Oncomine database. Taken together, our results suggest that SERPINA3 plays an oncogenic role in glioma progression and provide an insight into the application of SERPINA3 as a novel predictor of clinical outcomes and a potential biomarker of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyuan Luo
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University.,Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
| | - Yun Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
| | - Junliang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
| | - Xinke Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
| | - Fangcheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center
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