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Mazzella A, Orlandi R, Maiorca S, Uslenghi C, Chiari M, Bertolaccini L, Casiraghi M, Lo Iacono G, Girelli L, Spaggiari L. How General and Inflammatory Status Impacts on the Prognosis of Patients Affected by Lung Cancer: State of the Art. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1554. [PMID: 39062127 PMCID: PMC11274951 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary cancer is often associated with systemic inflammation and poor nutritional status and these two aspects are strongly correlated and related to the scarce infiltration of a tumor by immune cells. We reviewed all English literature reviews from 2000 to 2024 from PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, including original articles, review articles, and metanalyses. We excluded non-English language articles and case reports/case series. Generally speaking, nutritional and inflammatory status largely affect medium and long-term prognosis in lung cancer patients. A correct stratification of patients could improve their preoperative general functional nutritional and inflammatory status, minimizing, therefore, possible treatment complications and improving long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mazzella
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Riccardo Orlandi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Maiorca
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Clarissa Uslenghi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Matteo Chiari
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Luca Bertolaccini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Monica Casiraghi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Giorgio Lo Iacono
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Lara Girelli
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Lorenzo Spaggiari
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (R.O.); (S.M.); (C.U.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (M.C.); (G.L.I.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
- Division of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy
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Iriani A, Rachman A, Fatina MK, Gemilang RK, Trisnandi A, Nugraha MFI. Gene expression profiling of vitamin D metabolism enzymes in leukemia and lymphoma patients: molecular aspect interplay of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:526. [PMID: 38632160 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among the Indonesian population, particularly in individuals diagnosed with leukemia-lymphoma. The regulation of vitamin D metabolism is influenced by the expression of several enzymes, such as CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). This study aimed to scrutinize the gene expression profiles in both mRNA and protein levels of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1 in leukemia and lymphoma patients. METHOD The research was a cross-sectional study conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) in Jakarta, Indonesia. The study included a total of 45 patients aged over 18 years old who have received a diagnosis of lymphoma or leukemia. Vitamin D status was measured by examining serum 25 (OH) D levels. The analysis of VDR, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1 mRNA expression utilized the qRT-PCR method, while protein levels were measured through the ELISA method. CONCLUSION The study revealed a noteworthy difference in VDR protein levels between men and women. The highest mean CYP24A1 protein levels were observed in the age group > 60 years. This study found a significant, moderately positive correlation between VDR protein levels and CYP24A1 protein levels in the male and vitamin D sufficiency groups. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between VDR mRNA levels and CYP2R1 mRNA levels, VDR mRNA levels and CYP2R1 mRNA levels, and CYP2R1 mRNA levels and CYP24A1 mRNA levels. However, the expression of these genes does not correlate with the protein levels of its mRNA translation products in blood circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anggraini Iriani
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Yarsi University, Yarsi Hospital, Jl. Letjen Suprapto Kav 13, Cempaka Putih, Jakarta, 10510, Indonesia.
| | - Andhika Rachman
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Manguskusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | - Media Fitri Isma Nugraha
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia
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Dietary Antioxidants and Lung Cancer Risk in Smokers and Non-Smokers. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122501. [PMID: 36554027 PMCID: PMC9778085 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is considered a major risk factor in the development of lung diseases worldwide. Active smoking and secondhand (passive) smoke (SHS) are related to lung cancer (LC) risk. Oxidative stress (OS) and/or lipid peroxidation (LP) induced by cigarette smoke (CS) are found to be involved in the pathogenesis of LC. Meta-analyses and other case-control/prospective cohort studies are inconclusive and have yielded inconsistent results concerning the protective role of dietary vitamins C and E, retinol, and iron intake against LC risk in smokers and/or non-smokers. Furthermore, the role of vitamins and minerals as antioxidants with the potential in protecting LC cells against CS-induced OS in smokers and non-smokers has not been fully elucidated. Thus, this review aims to summarize the available evidence reporting the relationships between dietary antioxidant intake and LC risk in smokers and non-smokers that may be used to provide suggestions for future research.
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McFarland DC, Fernbach M, Breitbart WS, Nelson C. Prognosis in metastatic lung cancer: vitamin D deficiency and depression—a cross-sectional analysis. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2022; 12:339-346. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundDepression and vitamin D deficiency are common in patients with lung cancer and have prognostic implications in cancer settings. However, their relationship and concomitant survival implications have not been evaluated in patients with metastatic lung cancer specifically. We hypothesised that vitamin D deficiency would be associated with depression and inferior cancer-related survival in patients receiving therapies for stage IV lung cancer.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional analysis of vitamin D, depression and lung cancer characteristics. Vitamin D levels were stratified by level (no deficiency ≥30 units, mild deficiency 20 to 29 units and moderate-to-severe <20 units). Depression was measured by the Hospital
Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression (HADS-D). Survival estimations were made using Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier analyses.ResultsVitamin D deficiency was evident in almost half of the sample (n=98) and was associated with significant depression (HADS-D ≥8) (χ2=4.35, p<0.001) even when controlling for age, sex and inflammation (β=-0.21, p=0.03). Vitamin D deficiency and depression were associated with worse survival and showed evidence of an interaction effect (HR 1.5, p=0.04).ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is associated with depression in patients with metastatic lung cancer. Depression modulates the survival implications of vitamin D deficiency in this population. The role of vitamin D deficiency in cancer-related depression warrants further investigation since both are amenable to treatment. Psychological and nutritional prognostic considerations may help inform treatment paradigms that enhance quality of life and survival.
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Total, bioavailable and free 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:983-993. [PMID: 35411490 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the prognostic value of total, bioavailable and free 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] as well as vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We prospectively collected and analyzed data for 395 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between January 2016 and December 2018 in two university-affiliated hospitals. Total and free 25(OH)D and VDBP were measured directly, and bioavailable 25(OH)D was calculated using a validated formula. Their prognostic values were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards model, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Patients with NSCLC had significantly lower levels of total, bioavailable, and free 25(OH)D and higher VDBP levels in comparison to healthy controls (all p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, higher levels of total, bioavailable, and free 25(OH)D were independently associated better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). For OS, the adjusted HRs were 0.58 (95% CI, 0.40-0.87; p for trend = 0.008), 0.45 (95% CI, 0.30-0.67; p for trend < 0.001) and 0.49 (95% CI, 0.33-0.73; p for trend < 0.001) for the highest versus the lowest tertile of total, bioavailable and free 25(OH)D, respectively. The corresponding adjusted HRs for PFS were 0.61 (95% CI, 0.43-0.86; p for trend = 0.006), 0.56 (95% CI, 0.40-0.80; p for trend = 0.001) and 0.60 (95% CI, 0.42-0.85; p for trend = 0.004), respectively. However, VDBP was not associated with either OS or PFS. CONCLUSION The current study suggested that total, bioavailable and free 25(OH)D may be reliable prognosis indicators in NSCLC patients, though the optimal 25(OH)D form for NSCLC prognosis remains to be assessed in future studies.
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The Role of miR-155 in Nutrition: Modulating Cancer-Associated Inflammation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072245. [PMID: 34210046 PMCID: PMC8308226 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition plays an important role in overall human health. Although there is no direct evidence supporting the direct involvement of nutrition in curing disease, for some diseases, good nutrition contributes to disease prevention and our overall well-being, including energy level, optimum internal function, and strength of the immune system. Lately, other major, but more silent players are reported to participate in the body’s response to ingested nutrients, as they are involved in different physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, the genetic profile of an individual is highly critical in regulating these processes and their interactions. In particular, miR-155, a non-coding microRNA, is reported to be highly correlated with such nutritional processes. In fact, miR-155 is involved in the orchestration of various biological processes such as cellular signaling, immune regulation, metabolism, nutritional responses, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Thus, this review aims to highlight those critical aspects of the influence of dietary components on gene expression, primarily on miR-155 and its role in modulating cancer-associated processes.
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Zhang G, Jin M. Genetic associations between CYP24A1 polymorphisms and predisposition of cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2020; 35:71-79. [PMID: 33050822 DOI: 10.1177/1724600820944408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CYP24A1 polymorphisms may affect predisposition of cancer, but the results of published studies remain inconclusive. Therefore, the authors conducted this meta-analysis to more robustly assess relationships between CYP24A1 polymorphisms and the predisposition of cancer by pooling the findings of published studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang, and CNKI was endorsed by the authors to identify eligible studies; 17 studies were finally found to be eligible for pooled meta-analysis. RESULTS The pooled meta-analysis results showed that genotypic frequencies of the rs4809960 polymorphism among cancerous patients and controls of Caucasian ethnicity differed significantly, and genotypic frequencies of the rs6022999 polymorphism among cancerous patients and controls of Asian ethnicity also differed significantly. Moreover, we found that genotypic frequencies of the rs2585428 polymorphism among patients with prostate cancer and controls differed significantly, and genotypic frequencies of the rs6068816 polymorphism among patients with prostate cancer/breast cancer and controls also differed significantly. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the rs4809960 polymorphism may affect the predisposition of cancer in Caucasians, and the rs6022999 polymorphism may affect the predisposition of cancer in Asians. Moreover, the rs2585428 polymorphism may affect the predisposition of prostate cancer, while the rs6068816 polymorphism may affect the predisposition of prostate cancer and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shengzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maohe Jin
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shengzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Before and After Treatment Initiation. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 50:769-779. [PMID: 30058032 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-018-0147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to described 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and to re-evaluate levels after chemotherapy. METHODS Permanent residents of the San Francisco Bay Area with a new CRC diagnosis of any stage were recruited prior to any non-surgical therapy. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured at time of diagnosis and 6-month follow-up. Supplement use was not restricted. The primary endpoint was the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in patients with newly diagnosed CRC of all stages. The Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation tests were used to evaluate associations of patient characteristics with 25(OH)D levels. RESULTS Median 25(OH)D level at baseline was 27.0 ng/mL (range 7.2, 59.0); 65% of patients had insufficient levels (25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL) (n = 94). Race, disease stage, multivitamin use, vitamin D supplementation, and county of residence were associated with baseline 25(OH)D levels (P < 0.05). The median change in 25(OH)D from baseline to 6 months was - 0.7 ng/mL [- 19.4, 51.7] for patients treated with chemotherapy (n = 58) and 1.6 ng/mL [- 6.4, 33.2] for patients who did not receive chemotherapy (n = 19) (P = 0.26). For patients who received vitamin D supplementation during chemotherapy, the median 25(OH)D change was 8.3 ng/mL [- 7.6, 51.7] versus - 1.6 [- 19.4, 24.3] for chemotherapy patients who did not take vitamin D supplements (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION Among patients with a new diagnosis of CRC, most patients were found to have 25(OH)D levels consistent with either deficiency or insufficiency. In the subset of patients who received chemotherapy and took a vitamin D supplement, serum 25(OH)D levels increased, suggesting that vitamin D repletion is a feasible intervention during chemotherapy.
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Loehrer E, Betensky RA, Giovannucci E, Su L, Shafer A, Hollis BW, Christiani DC. Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D at Diagnosis Are Not Associated with Overall Survival in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:1379-1387. [PMID: 31186263 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] are associated with longer survival in several cancers, but the results have differed across cancer sites. The association between serum 25(OH)D levels and overall survival (OS) time in esophageal adenocarcinoma remains unclear. METHODS We utilized serum samples from 476 patients with primary esophageal adenocarcinoma, recruited from Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston, MA) between 1999 and 2015. We used log-rank tests to test the difference in survival curves across quartiles of 25(OH)D levels and extended Cox modeling to estimate adjusted HRs. We tested for interactions between clinical stage or BMI on the association between 25(OH)D and OS. We additionally performed sensitivity analyses to determine whether race or timing of blood draw (relative to treatment) affected these results. RESULTS We found no evidence that survival differed across quartiles of 25(OH)D (log rank P = 0.48). Adjusting for confounders, we found no evidence that the hazard of death among the highest quartile of 25(OH)D (quartile 1) differed from any other quartile [quartile 2 HR = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.67-1.23; quartile 3 HR = 1.03, 95% CI, 0.76-1.38; quartile 4 (lowest) HR = 0.98, 95% CI, 0.72-1.33]. Sensitivity analyses yielded consistent results when accounting for race or time between diagnosis and blood draw. Moreover, we did not find evidence of interaction between 25(OH)D and clinical stage or BMI on OS. CONCLUSIONS Serum level of 25(OH)D near time of diagnosis was not associated with OS in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. IMPACT Screening 25(OH)D levels among patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma at diagnosis is not clinically relevant to their cancer prognosis based on present evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Loehrer
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Rebecca A Betensky
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrea Shafer
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce W Hollis
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Liu H, Feng X, Wu S, Zong T, Li B, Zhang Z. Vitamin D Resists Cyclophosphamide-Induced Genomic and DNA Damage in CHL Cells In Vitro and in Mice In Vivo. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1030-1039. [PMID: 31038367 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1595050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D as an adjuvant therapy for cancer patients is hoped to have a beneficial outcome based on its physiological activity, but clinical trials so far by addition of vitamin D show unremarkable curative improvement, mechanism for explain this phenomena is not well-understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether vitamin D resists cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced genomic and DNA damage. In CHL cells in vitro, 1α,25-(OH)2D3 at 10, 50, and 100 nM was found to alleviate the frequency of chromosomal aberration with an alleviation range of 40.7-44.0%. There was a dose-dependent decrease for a proportion of γ-H2AX foci positive cells in response to an increase in 1α,25-(OH)2D3 concentration. Two vitamin D3 injections of 1,000, 5,000, or 10,000 IU suppressed CP-induced micronucleus formation in mice BMCs with an alleviation range of 36.7-44.5%, mitigated lymphocytes DNA damage reflected by lower tail DNA, tail length and olive tail moment parameter in comet assay. Vitamin D showed an antagonistic effect on CP-induced genomic and DNA damage. Our data suggest that vitamin D as an adjuvant combine antineoplastic drug with genotoxicity administer to tumor patients is contraindicant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Liu
- a Gusu Department for Health Inspection , Suzhou , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China.,b School of Public Health , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Feng
- c Huaian Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Huaian , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuiyan Wu
- d Children's Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhou Zong
- e Gusu Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Suzhou , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyan Li
- b School of Public Health , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- b School of Public Health , Soochow University , Suzhou , Jiangsu , People's Republic of China
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Can Inflammatory and Nutritional Serum Markers Predict Chemotherapy Outcomes and Survival in Advanced Stage Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Patients? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1648072. [PMID: 30941358 PMCID: PMC6421052 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1648072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To determine the values of prognostic nutritional and inflammatory markers in chemotherapy outcomes and survival in the patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and also in the secondary malnutrition and cachexia. Methods. Twenty-five patients with diagnosis of aNSCLC were registered for the prospective study. Malnutrition was determined by the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and performance status by criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Before treatment, serum levels of albumin, prealbumin, vitamin D, zinc (Zn), C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, IL-1 β, TNF-α, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) were recorded. Patients were followed prospectively for treatment outcomes and survival. Results. Due to the deaths of 18 patients during the 4-month follow-up period, no adequate measurements of inflammatory and nutritional markers could be performed. However, seven patients completed the treatment period and evaluations of these markers could be performed during the three periods. Eighty-four percent of patients were male with a mean age of 63.3 ± 8.7 years. Evaluation of the malnutrition by SGA showed that 5 (20%) patients were well nourished (A), 12(48%) were moderately malnourished (B), and 8(32%) were severely malnourished (C). Low levels of serum albumin (<3.5g/dl), prealbumin (<20 mg/ml), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (<30 ng/ml), and Zn (<70mg/ml) were detected in 15(60%), 17(68%), 24 (96%), and 22 (88%) patients, respectively. Elevated levels of CRP (≥10 mg/L), IL6 (≥18pg/ml), TNF-α (≥24pg/ml), IL-1β (≥10pg/ml), and LPL (<12pg/ml) were found in 24 (96%), 11(44%), 9(36), 13(52%), and 11(44%) patients, respectively. Moderate and severe malnutrition, acute phase response, and reduced survival were determined in patients with NCSLC. In 7 patients that completed the treatment period, there was an association between elevated serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, CRP, and LPL and also the reduced serum levels of albumin, prealbumin, Zn, vitamin D, and GPS, respectively. Similarly, Friedman analysis indicated that prealbumin significantly increased (p=0.007) in the follow-up period. But the serum levels of CRP (mean 37.3±22.3; Wilcoxon test P=0.368) in the seven patients were lower than those of the 18 patients that expired (mean 75.82±56.2). Conclusion. Malnutrition and cachexia negatively influence oncological outcomes in patients with NSCLC. These nutritional/inflammatory markers may be useful for selection of high risk and reduced survival in patients with aNSCLC undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Cusato J, Genova C, Tomasello C, Carrega P, Ottonello S, Pietra G, Mingari MC, Cossu I, Rijavec E, Leggieri A, Di Perri G, Dal Bello MG, Coco S, Boccardo S, Ferlazzo G, Grossi F, D'Avolio A. Influence of Vitamin D in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Nivolumab. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010125. [PMID: 30669662 PMCID: PMC6357025 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nivolumab is one of the most commonly used monoclonal antibodies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer treatment, to the extent that the presence of its anti-antibody is considered a negative prognostic factor. Vitamin D (VD) modulates expression of the genes involved in drug metabolism and elimination. Immune system regulation and immunodeficiency is frequent in non-small cell lung cancer patients. To date, no data have been reported about the relationship between nivolumab and VD. The aim of this study was to quantify plasma 25-hydroxyVD (25-VD) and 1,25-VD, nivolumab, and its anti-antibody before starting treatment (baseline) and at 15, 45 and 60 days of therapy. VD-pathway-associated gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also evaluated. Molecules were quantified through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and SNPs through real-time PCR. Forty-five patients were enrolled. Median nivolumab concentrations were 12.5 μg/mL, 22.3 μg/mL and 27.1 μg/mL at 15, 45 and 60 days respectively. No anti-nivolumab antibodies were found. Correlations were observed between nivolumab concentrations and 25-VD levels. Nivolumab concentrations were affected by VD-pathway-related gene SNPs. VDBP AC/CC genotype and baseline 25-VD < 10 ng/mL predicted a nivolumab concentration cut-off value of <18.7 μg/mL at 15 days, which was associated with tumor progression. This is the first study showing VD marker predictors of nivolumab concentrations in a real-life context of non-small cell lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Cusato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy.
| | - Carlo Genova
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Tomasello
- S.C. Farmacie Ospedaliere-Ospedale M.Vittoria-ASL Città di Torino, 10143 Turin, Italy.
| | - Paolo Carrega
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
- Cell Factory Center, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Selene Ottonello
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DiMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Pietra
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DiMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
- Immunology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DiMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
- Immunology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Irene Cossu
- Giannina Gaslini Institute, Via Gerolamo Gaslini, 5, 16147 Genova, Italy.
| | - Erika Rijavec
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Anna Leggieri
- S.C. Farmacie Ospedaliere-Ospedale M.Vittoria-ASL Città di Torino, 10143 Turin, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Di Perri
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Simona Coco
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Simona Boccardo
- Lung Cancer Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Guido Ferlazzo
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
- Cell Factory Center, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital Policlinico G. Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Grossi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonio D'Avolio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (CIFACS), University of Turin, 10149 Turin, Italy.
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Feng Q, Zhang H, Dong Z, Zhou Y, Ma J. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung cancer risk and survival: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8613. [PMID: 29137092 PMCID: PMC5690785 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with several negative outcomes. However, previous studies have indicated that 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with lung cancer risk and survival, but presented controversial results.PubMed and Embase databases were searched update to August 2017 to identify and quantify the potential association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung cancer risk and survival.Seventeen eligible studies involving a total of 138,858 participants with 4368 incident cases were included in this meta-analysis. Our results showed statistically significant association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung cancer risk and mortality. However, circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D was not associated with overall lung cancer survival. Furthermore, compared with the lowest circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the highest circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D is significantly decreased risk of lung cancer risk in male and female. In addition, the highest circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly associated with a lower risk in Caucasian and Asian. We also obtained the best fit at an inflection point of 10 nmol/L in piecewise regression analysis, increasing 10 nmol/L dose of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with an 8% reduction in the risk of lung cancer risk and an 7% reduction in the risk of lung cancer mortality. Subgroup meta-analyses in study quality, number of participants, and number of cases showed consistent with the primary findings.The highest circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with decreased lung cancer risk and mortality but not overall survival.
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14
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Kumar S, Vijayan M, Bhatti JS, Reddy PH. MicroRNAs as Peripheral Biomarkers in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 146:47-94. [PMID: 28253991 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are found in the circulatory biofluids considering the important molecules for biomarker study in aging and age-related diseases. Blood or blood components (serum/plasma) are primary sources of circulatory miRNAs and can release these in cell-free form either bound with some protein components or encapsulated with microvesicle particles, called exosomes. miRNAs are quite stable in the peripheral circulation and can be detected by high-throughput techniques like qRT-PCR, microarray, and sequencing. Intracellular miRNAs could modulate mRNA activity through target-specific binding and play a crucial role in intercellular communications. At a pathological level, changes in cellular homeostasis lead to the modulation of molecular function of cells; as a result, miRNA expression is deregulated. Deregulated miRNAs came out from cells and frequently circulate in extracellular body fluids as part of various human diseases. Most common aging-associated diseases are cardiovascular disease, cancer, arthritis, dementia, cataract, osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Variation in the miRNA signature in a diseased peripheral circulatory system opens up a new avenue in the field of biomarker discovery. Here, we measure the biomarker potential of circulatory miRNAs in aging and various aging-related pathologies. However, further more confirmatory researches are needed to elaborate these findings at the translation level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.
| | - M Vijayan
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - J S Bhatti
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States; Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - P H Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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