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Jia X, Li J, Jiang Z. Association between thyroid disorders and extra-thyroidal cancers, a review. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03434-3. [PMID: 38491294 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone has been shown to have both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing actions, which has led to significant debate over its involvement in the development of cancer. Proliferation, apoptosis, invasiveness, and angiogenesis are all aspects of cancer that are affected by the thyroid hormones T3 and T4, according to research conducted in animal models and in vitro experiments. The effects of thyroid hormones on cancer cells are mediated by many non-genomic mechanisms, one of which involves the activation of the plasma membrane receptor integrin αvβ3. Typically, abnormal amounts of thyroid hormones are linked to a higher occurrence of cancer. Both benign and malignant thyroid disorders were found to be associated with an increased risk of extra-thyroidal malignancies, specifically colon, breast, prostate, melanoma, and lung cancers. The purpose of this review was to shed light on this link to define which types of cancer are sensitive to thyroid hormones and, as a result, are anticipated to respond favorably to treatment of the thyroid hormone axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jia
- Department of Nursing, Zhengzhou Health Vocational College, Zhengzhou, 410005, China
| | - Jingru Li
- Department of Nursing, Zhengzhou Health Vocational College, Zhengzhou, 410005, China.
| | - Zongliang Jiang
- Department of Nursing, Zhengzhou Health Vocational College, Zhengzhou, 410005, China
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Abdulhameed NM, Janabi MA. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Triiodothyronine Suppression and Withdrawal Versus Thyrogen Injections in Thyroid Cancer Assessments. Cureus 2023; 15:e51061. [PMID: 38269223 PMCID: PMC10806585 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the specificity and effectiveness of triiodothyronine (T3) suppression and withdrawal, as compared to the conventional diagnostic approach using Thyrogen recombinant thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) injections, in the assessment of thyroid cancer patients post-thyroidectomy. Methods In this retrospective study, 18 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer at a tertiary care hospital (Mediclinic City Hospital) in Dubai were included. The patients underwent total thyroidectomy, iodine ablation, and neck ultrasound. The cohort's clinical characteristics were analyzed, and histopathological examination of thyroid nodules was performed. In this study, paired T-tests were applied to evaluate the before-and-after impact of T3 and Thyrogen treatments on TSH and thyroglobulin (TG) levels in individual patients. To further analyze the effectiveness of these treatments, independent T-tests were conducted, allowing for a comparison of TSH and TG levels between different treatment groups within the patient cohort. This approach provided a comprehensive assessment of the treatments' effects on key thyroid indicators. Additionally, the diagnostic accuracy of T3 withdrawal and Thyrogen post-test on TG levels was assessed using statistical measures including sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Results The cohort had a mean age of 42.1 years and a female predominance. Distinct clinical profiles were observed across different thyroid cancer subtypes. Histopathological analysis confirmed typical features of papillary carcinoma variants. Significant changes in TSH levels post-treatment were noted, with T3 treatments showing a marked increase in TSH and TG levels, although changes in TG levels were not always statistically significant. Diagnostic test evaluation showed a sensitivity of 77.78%, a specificity of 83.33%, and an overall accuracy of 80.00% for T3 withdrawal and Thyrogen post-test on TG. Conclusion The study provides comprehensive insights into the clinical profiles and treatment responses in thyroid cancer patients post-thyroidectomy. The effectiveness of T3 and Thyrogen treatments in altering TSH and TG levels was established, with significant implications for patient management. The diagnostic tests for T3 withdrawal and Thyrogen post-test on TG demonstrated high accuracy, underlining their clinical utility in the post-treatment evaluation of thyroid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada M Abdulhameed
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, ARE
| | - Mazin A Janabi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai, ARE
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Strzałka A, Hogendorf P, Skulimowski A, Spychalski M, Strzelczyk J, Durczynski A. Thyroid hormones concentration in portal and peripheral blood in patients with pancreatic cancer: Preliminary study. Cancer Biomark 2021; 29:301-306. [PMID: 32568183 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-201595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic value of D-dimers concentration in portal blood in patients with pancreatic cancer has been established in several studies. Thyroid hormones and their receptors, especially T3 also seems to have a specific role in process of neoplasia and metastatic spread. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to look for changes of thyroid hormones concentration between portal and peripheral blood. METHODS We included prospectively 8 patients with pancreatic cancer, without liver dysfunction, qualified to surgical treatment. D-dimers, THS, fT3, fT4 concentration was determined in blood samples from portal and peripheral vein taken intraoperatively. RESULTS The difference and quotient of portal and peripheral concentration of D-dimers, THS, fT3 and fT4 was calculated (D-dimer-; THS-; fT3-; fT4-d and -q). The level of D-dimers measured in portal blood was > 2700 ng/mL in 3 patients. The peripheral fT3 level was significantly higher In high portal D-dimers group. FT3 change coefficients showed strong statistically significant negative correlation with portal D-dimer concentration level. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that fT3 or its receptors can influence progression of pancreatic malignancies. The results of this study are also a new evidence that both fT3 and portal D-dimers are biologically linked to intensity of local neoplastic process. Nevertheless, deeper knowledge about portal circulation probably constitute missing part in understanding nature of pancreatic neoplasia. Investigations both on larger group and in the field of basic sciences are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Strzałka
- General and Transplant Surgery Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Hogendorf
- General and Transplant Surgery Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksander Skulimowski
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical Centre, Medical Faculty of the University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michał Spychalski
- Centre for Bowel Treatment, Specialized Hospital Brzeziny, Brzeziny, Poland
| | - Janusz Strzelczyk
- General and Transplant Surgery Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adam Durczynski
- General and Transplant Surgery Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Deligiorgi MV, Liapi C, Trafalis DT. Hypophysitis related to immune checkpoint inhibitors: An intriguing adverse event with many faces. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1097-1120. [PMID: 33393372 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1869211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the oncologists' arsenal is a milestone in cancer therapeutics, though not being devoid of toxicities.Areas covered: The present review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the immune-related hypophysitis with focus on the elusive biological background, the wide spectrum of the epidemiological profile, the varying clinical aspects, and the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.Expert opinion: Historically considered distinctive of anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), the immune-related hypophysitis is increasingly correlated with the anti-programmed cell-death (PD) protein 1 (PD-1)/anti-PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) mAbs. The distinct phenotype of hypophysitis related to anti-PD1/anti-PD-L1 mAbs is highlighted with focus on the immune-related isolated adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) deficiency. The immune-related central diabetes insipidus is discussed as a rare aspect of anti-CTL-A4 mAbs-induced hypophysitis, recently related to anti-PD1/anti-PD-L1 mAbs as well. The present review builds on existing literature concerning immune-related hypophysitis underscoring the pending issues still to be addressed, including (i) pathogenesis; (ii) correlation with preexisting autoimmunity; (iii) predictive value; (iv) utility of high-dose glucocorticoids; and (v) establishment of evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. Increased awareness and constant vigilance are advocated as cornerstone of a multidisciplinary approach to ensure optimal patients' care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Deligiorgi
- Department of Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Charis Liapi
- Department of Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Trafalis
- Department of Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Pourzardosht N, Hashemi ZS, Mard-Soltani M, Jahangiri A, Rahbar MR, Zakeri A, Mirzajani E, Khalili S. Liothyronine could block the programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) activity: an e-Pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening study. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 42:34-42. [PMID: 33100099 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1839765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The interaction between PD-L1 on tumor cells and the programmed death 1 (PD1) on immune cells helps them to escape the immune system elimination. Therefore, developing therapeutic agents to block this interaction has garnered a lot of attention as a therapeutic approach. In the present study, we have tried to screen for an inhibitory compound to inhibit the interaction between the PD1/PD-L1 molecules. METHODS In this regard, the structure of PD-L1 and its inhibitor were prepared and employed to generate an e-Pharmacophore model. A library of approved compounds was prepared and toxicity analysis using Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) predictor was performed. The built e-Pharmacophore model was validated and used to screen the prepared compound library. Ligand docking and binding energy calculation were performed on the screened ligands. RESULTS A seven-feature e-Pharmacophore model was generated using the PD-L1 complex. All of the compounds within the library passed the ADMET criteria. Performing the virtual screening, only 79 compounds have survived the criteria to fit four pharmacophoric features. The compound with the highest binding energy was the liothyronine (T3). CONCLUSION The ability of T3 in PD1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade along with its potential in T4 reduction could be a desirable combination in cancer treatment. These abilities of T3 could be used to restore the ability of the immune system to eliminate tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Pourzardosht
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Biochemistry Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Hashemi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maysam Mard-Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Jahangiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rahbar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Zakeri
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mirzajani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Biochemistry Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
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Chen YR, Chen YS, Chin YT, Li ZL, Shih YJ, Yang YCSH, ChangOu CA, Su PY, Wang SH, Wu YH, Chiu HC, Lee SY, Liu LF, Whang-Peng J, Lin HY, Mousa SA, Davis PJ, Wang K. Thyroid hormone-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines interfere with resveratrol-induced anti-proliferation of oral cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110693. [PMID: 31336132 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone, L-thyroxine (T4), induces inflammatory genes expressions and promotes cancer growth. It also induces expression of the checkpoint programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which plays a vital role in cancer progression. On the other hand, resveratrol inhibits inflammatory genes expressions. Moreover, resveratrol increases nuclear inducible cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 accumulation, complexes with p53, and induces p53-dependent anti-proliferation. In this study, we investigated the effect of T4 on resveratrol-induced anti-proliferation in oral cancer. T4 increased the expression and cytoplasmic accumulation of PD-L1. Increased expressions of pro-inflammatory genes, interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, were shown to stimulate PD-L1 expression. T4 stimulated pro-inflammatory and proliferative genes expressions, and oral cancer cells proliferation. In contrast, resveratrol inhibited those genes and activated anti-proliferative genes. T4 retained resveratrol-induced COX-2 in cytoplasm and prevented COX-2 nuclear accumulation when resveratrol treated cancer cells. A specific signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, S31-201, blocked T4-induced inhibition and restored resveratrol-induced nuclear COX-2 accumulation. By inhibiting the T4-activated STAT3 signal transduction axis with S31-201, resveratrol was able to sequentially reestablish COX-2/p53-dependent gene expressions and anti-proliferation. These findings provide a novel understanding of the inhibitory effects of T4 on resveratrol-induced anticancer properties via the sequential expression of PD-L1 and inflammatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Chen
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan; School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Chin
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Lin Li
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jung Shih
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen S H Yang
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun A ChangOu
- Core Facility Center, Office of Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Integrated Laboratory, Center of Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Su
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Huey Wang
- Core Facility Center, Office of Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Wu
- Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chung Chiu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical, Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yang Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Leroy F Liu
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jacqueline Whang-Peng
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Paul J Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, 12208, USA; Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Kuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
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Krashin E, Piekiełko-Witkowska A, Ellis M, Ashur-Fabian O. Thyroid Hormones and Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:59. [PMID: 30814976 PMCID: PMC6381772 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones take major part in normal growth, development and metabolism. Over a century of research has supported a relationship between thyroid hormones and the pathophysiology of various cancer types. In vitro studies as well as research in animal models demonstrated an effect of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 on cancer proliferation, apoptosis, invasiveness and angiogenesis. Thyroid hormones mediate their effects on the cancer cell through several non-genomic pathways including activation of the plasma membrane receptor integrin αvβ3. Furthermore, cancer development and progression are affected by dysregulation of local bioavailability of thyroid hormones. Case-control and population-based studies provide conflicting results regarding the association between thyroid hormones and cancer. However, a large body of evidence suggests that subclinical and clinical hyperthyroidism increase the risk of several solid malignancies while hypothyroidism may reduce aggressiveness or delay the onset of cancer. Additional support is provided from studies in which dysregulation of the thyroid hormone axis secondary to cancer treatment or thyroid hormone supplementation was shown to affect cancer outcomes. Recent preclinical and clinical studies in various cancer types have further shown promising outcomes following chemical reduction of thyroid hormones or inhibition or their binding to the integrin receptor. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the preclinical and clinical research conducted so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilon Krashin
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Martin Ellis
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
- Meir Medical Center, Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Kfar-Saba, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Osnat Ashur-Fabian
- Translational Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- *Correspondence: Osnat Ashur-Fabian
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