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Lu H, Zhang J, Cao Y, Wu S, Wei Y, Yin R. Advances in applications of artificial intelligence algorithms for cancer-related miRNA research. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 53:231-243. [PMID: 38650448 PMCID: PMC11057993 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
MiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs, which regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by partial complementary base pairing. Aberrant miRNA expressions have been reported in tumor tissues and peripheral blood of cancer patients. In recent years, artificial intelligence algorithms such as machine learning and deep learning have been widely used in bioinformatic research. Compared to traditional bioinformatic tools, miRNA target prediction tools based on artificial intelligence algorithms have higher accuracy, and can successfully predict subcellular localization and redistribution of miRNAs to deepen our understanding. Additionally, the construction of clinical models based on artificial intelligence algorithms could significantly improve the mining efficiency of miRNA used as biomarkers. In this article, we summarize recent development of bioinformatic miRNA tools based on artificial intelligence algorithms, focusing on the potential of machine learning and deep learning in cancer-related miRNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yixin Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Runting Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Wang X, Yan X, Zhang Z, Xu C, Du F, Xie Y, Yin X, Lei Z, Jiang Y, Yang W, Zhou X, Wang Y. IR808@MnO nano-near infrared fluorescent dye's diagnostic value for malignant pleural effusion. Respir Res 2024; 25:22. [PMID: 38195540 PMCID: PMC10777594 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02659-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural effusion is mostly a complication of advanced malignant tumors. However, the cancer markers such as carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA 125), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), and cytokeratin fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) have low sensitivity and organ specificity for detecting malignant pleural effusion. RESEARCH QUESTION Is IR808@MnO nano-near infrared fluorescent dye worthy for the diagnosis in differentiating benign and malignant pleural effusions. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This experiment was carried out to design and characterize the materials for in vitro validation of the new dye in malignant tumor cells in the A549 cell line and in patients with adenocarcinoma pleural effusion. The dye was verified to possess tumor- specific targeting capabilities. Subsequently, a prospective hospital-based observational study was conducted, enrolling 106 patients and excluding 28 patients with unknown diagnoses. All patients underwent histopathological analysis of thoracoscopic biopsies, exfoliative cytological analysis of pleural fluid, and analysis involving the new dye. Statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel, GraphPad Prism, and the R language. RESULTS The size of IR808@MnO was 136.8 ± 2.9 nm, with peak emission at 808 nm, and it has near-infrared fluorescence properties. Notably, there was a significant difference in fluorescence values between benign and malignant cell lines (p < 0.0001). The malignant cell lines tested comprised CL1-5, A549, MDA-MB-468, U-87MG, MKN-7, and Hela, while benign cell lines were BEAS-2B, HUVEC, HSF, and VE. The most effective duration of action was identified as 30 min at a concentration of 5 μl. This optimal duration of action and concentration were consistent in patients with lung adenocarcinoma accompanied by pleural effusion and 5 μl. Of the 106 patients examined, 28 remained undiagnosed, 39 were diagnosed with malignant pleural effusions, and the remaining 39 with benign pleural effusions. Employing the new IR808@MnO staining method, the sensitivity stood at 74.4%, specificity at 79.5%, a positive predictive value of 69.2%, and a negative predictive value of 82.1%. The area under the ROC curve was recorded as 0.762 (95% CI: 0.652-0.872). The confusion matrix revealed a positive predictive value of 75.7%, a negative predictive value of 75.6%, a false positive rate of 22.5%, and a false negative rate of 26.3%. INTERPRETATION The IR808@MnO fluorescent probe represents an efficient, sensitive, and user-friendly diagnostic tool for detecting malignant pleural fluid, underscoring its significant potential for clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xingya Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chuchu Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fangbin Du
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yanghu Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaona Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zubao Lei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yinling Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wanchun Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui Province, China.
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Zhao W, Cao XS, Han YL, Wen XH, Zheng WQ, Hu ZD. Diagnostic utility of pleural cell-free nucleic acids in undiagnosed pleural effusions. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:1518-1524. [PMID: 35786439 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pleural effusion (PE) is a common sign caused by various disorders. Microbiology, histology and cytology are reference standards for these disorders. However, these diagnostic tools have limitations, including invasiveness, high cost, long turnaround time, and observer-dependent. Soluble biomarkers in pleural fluid (PF) are promising diagnostic tools because they are mininvasive, economical, and objective. Recent studies have revealed that some cell-free nucleic acids (e.g., DNA, mRNA, microRNA, and lncRNA) in PF are potential diagnostic markers for many disorders. Here, we review the performance of PF cell-free nucleic acids for differentiating and stratification of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Shan Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ling Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Hui Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Qi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-De Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, P.R. China
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miRNAs in Cancer (Review of Literature). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052805. [PMID: 35269947 PMCID: PMC8910953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding, single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by binding to mRNAs. miRNAs affect the course of processes of fundamental importance for the proper functioning of the organism. These processes include cell division, proliferation, differentiation, cell apoptosis and the formation of blood vessels. Altered expression of individual miRNAs has been shown in numerous cancers, which may indicate the oncogenic or suppressor potential of the molecules in question. This paper discusses the current knowledge about the possibility of using miRNA as a diagnostic marker and a potential target in modern anticancer therapies.
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