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Alho J, Lahnakoski JM, Panula JM, Rikandi E, Mäntylä T, Lindgren M, Kieseppä T, Suvisaari J, Sams M, Raij TT. Hippocampus-Centered Network Is Associated With Positive Symptom Alleviation in Patients With First-Episode Psychosis. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:1197-1206. [PMID: 37336263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported widespread brain functional connectivity alterations in patients with psychosis. These studies have mostly used either resting-state or simple-task paradigms, thereby compromising experimental control or ecological validity, respectively. Additionally, in a conventional functional magnetic resonance imaging intrasubject functional connectivity analysis, it is difficult to identify which connections relate to extrinsic (stimulus-induced) and which connections relate to intrinsic (non-stimulus-related) neural processes. METHODS To mitigate these limitations, we used intersubject functional connectivity (ISFC) to analyze longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging data collected while 36 individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 29 age- and sex-matched population control participants watched scenes from the fantasy movie Alice in Wonderland at baseline and again at 1-year follow-up. Furthermore, to allow unconfounded comparison and to overcome possible circularity of ISFC, we introduced a novel approach wherein ISFC in both the FEP and population control groups was calculated with respect to an independent group of participants (not included in the analyses). RESULTS Using this independent-reference ISFC approach, we found an interaction effect wherein the independent-reference ISFC in individuals with FEP, but not in the control group participants, was significantly stronger at baseline than at follow-up in a network centered in the hippocampus and involving thalamic, striatal, and cortical regions, such as the orbitofrontal cortex. Alleviation of positive symptoms, particularly delusions, from baseline to follow-up was correlated with decreased network connectivity in patients with FEP. CONCLUSIONS These findings link deviation of naturalistic information processing in the hippocampus-centered network to positive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Alho
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Juha M Lahnakoski
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain, & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Independent Max Planck Research Group for Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Jonatan M Panula
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Eva Rikandi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Mäntylä
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Lindgren
- Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Kieseppä
- Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Suvisaari
- Mental Health Team, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Sams
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tuukka T Raij
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.
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Frewen P, Schroeter ML, Riva G, Cipresso P, Fairfield B, Padulo C, Kemp AH, Palaniyappan L, Owolabi M, Kusi-Mensah K, Polyakova M, Fehertoi N, D’Andrea W, Lowe L, Northoff G. Neuroimaging the consciousness of self: Review, and conceptual-methodological framework. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 112:164-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Arroyo-Anlló EM, Sánchez JC, Ventola ARM, Ingrand P, Neau JP, Gil R. Procedural Learning Improves Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 74:913-924. [PMID: 32116252 PMCID: PMC7242853 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered a neurodegenerative disease and an inflammatory demyelinating neuropathology in young population. Procedural memory has been poorly investigated in MS. Objective: We assessed whether the MS group was able to develop a motor-cognitive skill, using a procedural task (PLSC) developed in our laboratory, applying a manual and serial reaction time (RT) paradigm to semantic categorization. Methods: We evaluated 26 MS patients and 26 socio-demographic matched control participants using the PLSC task. Results: Using non-parametric statistical analyses, we observed a significant improvement of semantic categorization RTs with practice (p = 0.002), even with new verbal material to categorize in MS patients (p = 0.006), despite their motor and executive moderate deficits. This same profile of semantic procedural learning in MS was observed in previous studies carried out with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Moreover, the visual-motor RTs remained stable or slightly improved over the five blocks in both groups, as well as in the AD groups of previous studies. The MS group showed longer visual-motor reaction times than those of the control group (p < 0.042), except in motor initiation aspect (p = 0.064). Both groups showed no significant differences for any type of error. Additionally, disability level and cognitive performances were not associated with the ratio of semantic procedural learning. Conclusion: The present results support the notion that MS patients may be capable of acquiring semantic skill, despite their motor disabilities and executive troubles. This work also addresses the possibilities to improve motor-cognitive skill RTs in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Arroyo-Anlló
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Salamanca, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla-León, Spain
| | | | | | - Pierre Ingrand
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Neau
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
| | - Roger Gil
- Emeriti Professor of Neurology, University Hospital, Poitiers, France
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Apathy and noradrenaline: silent partners to mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease? Curr Opin Neurol 2016; 28:344-50. [PMID: 26110801 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a comorbid factor in Parkinson's disease. The aim of this review is to examine the recent neuroimaging findings in the search for Parkinson's disease MCI (PD-MCI) biomarkers to gain insight on whether MCI and specific cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease implicate striatal dopamine or another system. RECENT FINDINGS The evidence implicates a diffuse pathophysiology in PD-MCI rather than acute dopaminergic involvement. On the one hand, performance in specific cognitive domains, notably in set-shifting and learning, appears to vary with dopaminergic status. On the other hand, motivational states in Parkinson's disease along with their behavioral and physiological indices suggest a noradrenergic contribution to cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease. Finally, Parkinson's disease's pattern of neurodegeneration offers an avenue for continued research in nigrostriatal dopamine's role in distinct behaviors, as well as the specification of dorsal and ventral striatal functions. SUMMARY The search for PD-MCI biomarkers has employed an array of neuroimaging techniques, but still yields divergent findings. This may be due in part to MCI's broad definition, encompassing heterogeneous cognitive domains, only some of which are affected in Parkinson's disease. Most domains falling under the MCI umbrella include fronto-dependent executive functions, whereas others, notably learning, rely on the basal ganglia. Given the deterioration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in Parkinson's disease, it has been the prime target of PD-MCI investigation. By testing well defined cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease, distinct functions can be attributed to specific neural systems, overcoming conflicting results on PD-MCI. Apart from dopamine, other systems such as the neurovascular or noradrenergic systems are affected in Parkinson's disease. These factors may be at the basis of specific facets of PD-MCI for which dopaminergic involvement has not been conclusive. Finally, the impact of both dopaminergic and noradrenergic deficiency on motivational states in Parkinson's disease is examined in light of a plausible link between apathy and cognitive deficits.
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Panouillères MTN, Tofaris GK, Brown P, Jenkinson N. Intact Acquisition and Short-Term Retention of Non-Motor Procedural Learning in Parkinson's Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149224. [PMID: 26906905 PMCID: PMC4764369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Procedural learning is a form of memory where people implicitly acquire a skill through repeated practice. People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been found to acquire motor adaptation, a form of motor procedural learning, similarly to healthy older adults but they have deficits in long-term retention. A similar pattern of normal learning on initial exposure with a deficit in retention seen on subsequent days has also been seen in mirror-reading, a form of non-motor procedural learning. It is a well-studied fact that disrupting sleep will impair the consolidation of procedural memories. Given the prevalence of sleep disturbances in PD, the lack of retention on following days seen in these studies could simply be a side effect of this well-known symptom of PD. Because of this, we wondered whether people with PD would present with deficits in the short-term retention of a non-motor procedural learning task, when the test of retention was done the same day as the initial exposure. The aim of the present study was then to investigate acquisition and retention in the immediate short term of cognitive procedural learning using the mirror-reading task in people with PD. This task involved two conditions: one where triads of mirror-inverted words were always new that allowed assessing the learning of mirror-reading skill and another one where some of the triads were presented repeatedly during the experiment that allowed assessing the word-specific learning. People with PD both ON and OFF their normal medication were compared to healthy older adults and young adults. Participants were re-tested 50 minutes break after initial exposure to probe for short-term retention. The results of this study show that all groups of participants acquired and retained the two skills (mirror-reading and word-specific) similarly. These results suggest that neither healthy ageing nor the degeneration within the basal ganglia that occurs in PD does affect the mechanisms that underpin the acquisition of these new non-motor procedural learning skills and their short-term memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel T. N. Panouillères
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - George K. Tofaris
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Brown
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ned Jenkinson
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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