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Liput DJ, Nguyen TA, Augustin SM, Lee JO, Vogel SS. A Guide to Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy and Förster's Resonance Energy Transfer in Neuroscience. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 94:e108. [PMID: 33232577 PMCID: PMC8274369 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime microscopy (FLIM) and Förster's resonance energy transfer (FRET) are advanced optical tools that neuroscientists can employ to interrogate the structure and function of complex biological systems in vitro and in vivo using light. In neurobiology they are primarily used to study protein-protein interactions, to study conformational changes in protein complexes, and to monitor genetically encoded FRET-based biosensors. These methods are ideally suited to optically monitor changes in neurons that are triggered optogenetically. Utilization of this technique by neuroscientists has been limited, since a broad understanding of FLIM and FRET requires familiarity with the interactions of light and matter on a quantum mechanical level, and because the ultra-fast instrumentation used to measure fluorescent lifetimes and resonance energy transfer are more at home in a physics lab than in a biology lab. In this overview, we aim to help neuroscientists overcome these obstacles and thus feel more comfortable with the FLIM-FRET method. Our goal is to aid researchers in the neuroscience community to achieve a better understanding of the fundamentals of FLIM-FRET and encourage them to fully leverage its powerful ability as a research tool. Published 2020. U.S. Government.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Liput
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Tuan A. Nguyen
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Quantum Biology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Shana M. Augustin
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jeong Oen Lee
- Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Steven S. Vogel
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Quantum Biology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
- Corresponding author:
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Escamilla-Ayala A, Wouters R, Sannerud R, Annaert W. Contribution of the Presenilins in the cell biology, structure and function of γ-secretase. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 105:12-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Dehury B, Tang N, Mehra R, Blundell TL, Kepp KP. Side-by-side comparison of Notch- and C83 binding to γ-secretase in a complete membrane model at physiological temperature. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31215-31232. [PMID: 35520661 PMCID: PMC9056423 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04683c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Secretase cleaves the C99 fragment of the amyloid precursor protein, leading to formation of aggregated β-amyloid peptide central to Alzheimer's disease, and Notch, essential for cell regulation. Recent cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures indicate major changes upon substrate binding, a β-sheet recognition motif, and a possible helix unwinding to expose peptide bonds towards nucleophilic attack. Here we report side-by-side comparison of the 303 K dynamics of the two proteins in realistic membranes using molecular dynamics simulations. Our ensembles agree with the cryo-EM data (full-protein Cα-RMSD = 1.62–2.19 Å) but reveal distinct presenilin helix conformation states and thermal β-strand to coil transitions of C83 and Notch100. We identify distinct 303 K hydrogen bond dynamics and water accessibility of the catalytic sites. The RKRR motif (1758–1761) contributes significantly to Notch binding and serves as a “membrane anchor” that prevents Notch displacement. Water that transiently hydrogen bonds to G1753 and V1754 probably represents the catalytic nucleophile. At 303 K, Notch and C83 binding induce different conformation states, with Notch mostly present in a closed state with shorter Asp–Asp distance. This may explain the different outcome of Notch and C99 cleavage, as the latter is more imprecise with many products. Our identified conformation states may aid efforts to develop conformation-selective drugs that target C99 and Notch cleavage differently, e.g. Notch-sparing γ-secretase modulators. Distinct membrane dynamics and conformations of C83- and Notch-bound γ-secretase may aid the development of Notch-sparing treatments of Alzheimer's disease.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Budheswar Dehury
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark +45 45252409.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge Tennis Court Road CB2 1GA UK
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark +45 45252409
| | - Rukmankesh Mehra
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark +45 45252409
| | - Tom L Blundell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge Tennis Court Road CB2 1GA UK
| | - Kasper P Kepp
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark +45 45252409
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Trambauer J, Fukumori A, Steiner H. Pathogenic Aβ generation in familial Alzheimer’s disease: novel mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2020; 61:73-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Wang X, Pei G. Visualization of Alzheimer's Disease Related α-/β-/γ-Secretase Ternary Complex by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:431. [PMID: 30538620 PMCID: PMC6277482 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The competitive ectodomain shedding of amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) by α-secretase and β-secretase, and the subsequent regulated intramembrane proteolysis by γ-secretase are the key processes in amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) generation. Previous studies indicate that secretases form binary complex and the interactions between secretases take part in substrates processing. However, whether α-, β- and γ-secretase could form ternary complex remains to be explored. Here, we adopted bimolecular fluorescence complementation in combination with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (BiFC-FRET) to visualize the formation of triple secretase complex. We show that the interaction between α-secretase ADAM10 and β-secretase BACE1 could be monitored by BiFC assay and the binding of APP to α-/β-secretase binary complex was revealed by BiFC-FRET. Further, we observed that γ-secretase interacts with α-/β-secretase binary complex, providing evidence that α-, β- and γ-secretase might form a ternary complex. Thus our study extends the interplay among Alzheimer's disease (AD) related α-/β-/γ-secretase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Wang X, Wang C, Pei G. α-secretase ADAM10 physically interacts with β-secretase BACE1 in neurons and regulates CHL1 proteolysis. J Mol Cell Biol 2018; 10:411-422. [DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Lu J, Cui J, Li X, Wang X, Zhou Y, Yang W, Chen M, Zhao J, Pei G. An Anti-Parkinson's Disease Drug via Targeting Adenosine A2A Receptor Enhances Amyloid-β Generation and γ-Secretase Activity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166415. [PMID: 27835671 PMCID: PMC5106031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-secretase mediates the intramembranous proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and determines the generation of Aβ which is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here we identified that an anti-Parkinson’s disease drug, Istradefylline, could enhance Aβ generation in various cell lines and primary neuronal cells of APP/PS1 mouse. Moreover, the increased generation of Aβ42 was detected in the cortex of APP/PS1 mouse after chronic treatment with Istradefylline. Istradefylline promoted the activity of γ-secretase which could lead to increased Aβ production. These effects of Istradefylline were reduced by the knockdown of A2AR but independent of A2AR-mediated G protein- or β-arrestin-dependent signal pathway. We further observed that A2AR colocalized with γ-secretase in endosomes and physically interacted with the catalytic subunit presenilin-1 (PS1). Interestingly, Istradefylline attenuated the interaction in time- and dosage-dependent manners. Moreover the knockdown of A2AR which in theory would release PS1 potentiated both Aβ generation and γ-secretase activity. Thus, our study implies that the association of A2AR could modulate γ-secretase activity. Istradefylline enhance Aβ generation and γ-secretase activity possibly via modulating the interaction between A2AR and γ-secretase, which may bring some undesired effects in the central nervous system (CNS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiaohang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Chemical Biology Core Facility, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- * E-mail:
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Zoltowska KM, Maesako M, Berezovska O. Interrelationship between Changes in the Amyloid β 42/40 Ratio and Presenilin 1 Conformation. Mol Med 2016; 22:329-337. [PMID: 27391800 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The ratio of the longer (i.e., Aβ42/Aβ43) to shorter (i.e. Aβ40) species is a critical factor determining amyloid fibril formation, neurotoxicity and progression of the amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease. The relative levels of the different Aβ species are affected by activity and conformation of the γ-secretase complex catalytic component - presenilin 1 (PS1). The enzyme exists in a dynamic equilibrium of the conformational states, with so-called "close" conformation associated with the shift of the γ-secretase cleavage towards the production of longer, neurotoxic Aβ species. In the current study, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, spectral Förster resonance energy transfer, calcium imaging and cytotoxicity assays were utilized to explore reciprocal link between the Aβ42 and Aβ40 peptides present at various ratios and PS1 conformation in primary neurons. We report that exposure to Aβ peptides at a relatively high ratio of Aβ42/40 causes conformational change within the PS1 subdomain architecture towards the pathogenic "closed" state. Mechanistically, the Aβ42/40 peptides present at the relatively high ratio increase intracellular calcium levels, which were shown to trigger pathogenic PS1 conformation. This indicates that there is a reciprocal crosstalk between the extracellular Aβ peptides and PS1 conformation within a neuron, with Aβ40 showing some protective effect. The pathogenic shift within the PS1 domain architecture may further shift the production of Aβ peptides towards the longer, neurotoxic Aβ species. These findings link elevated calcium, Aβ42 and PS1/γ-secretase conformation, and offer possible mechanistic explanation of the impending exacerbation of the amyloid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Marta Zoltowska
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Masato Maesako
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Oksana Berezovska
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Li X, Cui J, Yu Y, Li W, Hou Y, Wang X, Qin D, Zhao C, Yao X, Zhao J, Pei G. Traditional Chinese Nootropic Medicine Radix Polygalae and Its Active Constituent Onjisaponin B Reduce β-Amyloid Production and Improve Cognitive Impairments. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151147. [PMID: 26954017 PMCID: PMC4782990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Decline of cognitive function is the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), regardless of the pathological mechanism. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used to combat cognitive impairments and has been shown to improve learning and memory. Radix Polygalae (RAPO) is a typical and widely used herbal medicine. In this study, we aimed to follow the β-amyloid (Aβ) reduction activity to identify active constituent(s) of RAPO. We found that Onjisaponin B of RAPO functioned as RAPO to suppress Aβ production without direct inhibition of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase activities. Our mechanistic study showed that Onjisaponin B promoted the degradation of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Further, oral administration of Onjisaponin B ameliorated Aβ pathology and behavioral defects in APP/PS1 mice. Taken together, our results indicate that Onjisaponin B is effective against AD, providing a new therapeutic agent for further drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dapeng Qin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (GP); (JZ)
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (GP); (JZ)
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