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Méndez-Flores OG, Hernández-Kelly LC, Olivares-Bañuelos TN, López-Ramírez G, Ortega A. Brain energetics and glucose transport in metabolic diseases: role in neurodegeneration. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38294500 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2306427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neurons and glial cells are the main functional and structural elements of the brain, and the former depends on the latter for their nutritional, functional and structural organization, as well as for their energy maintenance. METHODS Glucose is the main metabolic source that fulfills energetic demands, either by direct anaplerosis or through its conversion to metabolic intermediates. Development of some neurodegenerative diseases have been related with modifications in the expression and/or function of glial glucose transporters, which might cause physiological and/or pathological disturbances of brain metabolism. In the present contribution, we summarized the experimental findings that describe the exquisite adjustment in expression and function of glial glucose transporters from physiologic to pathologic metabolism, and its relevance to neurodegenerative diseases. RESULTS A exhaustive literature review was done in order to gain insight into the role of brain energetics in neurodegenerative disease. This study made evident a critical involvement of glucose transporters and thus brain energetics in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. DISCUSSION An exquisite adjustment in the expression and function of glial glucose transporters from physiologic to pathologic metabolism is a biochemical signature of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orquídea G Méndez-Flores
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa, México
| | - Luisa C Hernández-Kelly
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Gabriel López-Ramírez
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa, México
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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Longitudinal associations of childhood fitness and obesity profiles with midlife cognitive function: an Australian cohort study. J Sci Med Sport 2022; 25:667-672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Higbee DH, Granell R, Hemani G, Smith GD, Dodd JW. Lung function, COPD and cognitive function: a multivariable and two sample Mendelian randomization study. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:246. [PMID: 34294062 PMCID: PMC8296721 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies show an association between reduced lung function and impaired cognition. Cognitive dysfunction influences important health outcomes and is a precursor to dementia, but treatments options are currently very limited. Attention has therefore focused on identifying modifiable risk factors to prevent cognitive decline and preserve cognition. Our objective was to determine if lung function or risk of COPD causes reduced cognitive function using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms from genome wide association studies of lung function and COPD were used as exposures. We examined their effect on general cognitive function in a sample of 132,452 individuals. We then performed multivariable MR (MVMR), examining the effect of lung function before and after conditioning for covariates. RESULTS We found only weak evidence that reduced lung function (Beta - 0.002 (SE 0.02), p-value 0.86) or increased liability to COPD (- 0.008 (0.008), p-value 0.35) causes lower cognitive function. MVMR found both reduced FEV1 and FVC do cause lower cognitive function, but that after conditioning for height (- 0.03 (0.03), p-value 0.29 and - 0.01 (0.03) p-value 0.62, for FEV1 and FVC respectively) and educational attainment (- 0.03 (0.03) p-value 0.33 and - 0.01 (0.02), p-value 0.35) the evidence became weak. CONCLUSION We did not find evidence that reduced lung function or COPD causes reduced cognitive function. Previous observational studies are probably affected by residual confounding. Research efforts should focus on shared risk factors for reduced lung function and cognition, rather than lung function alone as a modifiable risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Higbee
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Academic Respiratory Unit, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Raquel Granell
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - James W Dodd
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
- Academic Respiratory Unit, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
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Luo L, Xie F, Wang Y, Qin LQ, Yin JY, Wan Z. Taller adult height is associated with better performance of cognitive trajectories in Chinese over 45 years old: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21:732-740. [PMID: 34134174 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The association between adult height and follow-up cognition requires an update in China. We aimed to examine the association between baseline height and follow-up cognitive trajectories in Chinese subjects from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). METHODS A total of 6508 adults aged 45 years or older from the CHARLS were included for analysis. Latent class growth modeling was used to determine cognitive trajectories of 2011, 2013 and 2015. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between baseline adult height and cognitive performance and trajectories, respectively. RESULTS At baseline, an increment of 1 SD (8.3 cm) of height was associated with a higher global cognitive score (β = 0.492, 95% CI, 0.348-0.636), verbal episodic memory (β = 0.155, 95% CI, 0.086-0.224) and mental status (β = 0.337, 95% CI, 0.225-0.449). These associations were still observed even when stratified by sex. Prospectively, for females, the third quartile of height level (i.e., 155 to 158 cm) was associated with a better global cognitive function trajectory (OR = 1.627, P = 0.001, P for trend = 0.009) and mental status trajectory (OR = 1.456, P = 0.012, P for trend = 0.047); and the tallest height level (i.e., 159 cm or taller) was related to a better verbal episodic memory trajectory (OR = 1.574, P = 0.017). For males, no associations were observed. CONCLUSION Increased stature might be associated with better cognitive trajectories for subjects in China. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 732-740.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luo
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fangfei Xie
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie-Yun Yin
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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5
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Cohen-Manheim I, Sinnreich R, Doniger GM, Simon ES, Pinchas-Mizrachi R, Kark JD. Fasting plasma glucose in young adults free of diabetes is associated with cognitive function in midlife. Eur J Public Health 2019; 28:496-503. [PMID: 29140417 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence for an association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with cognitive function in adults free of diabetes is scarce and based on middle-aged and older adults. We examined the association of FPG, measured at age 30, and of change in FPG from age 30 to 43, with cognitive function at age 50. Methods 505 nondiabetic participants of the population-based Jerusalem Lipid Research Clinic (LRC) cohort study had baseline FPG, 2-h post-oral challenge plasma glucose (OGTT) and insulin determined at ages 28-32, and FPG and OGTT again at ages 41-46. Subsequently at ages 48-52, global cognitive function and its five specific component domains were assessed with a NeuroTrax computerized test battery, using multiple linear regression and multivariable logistic models. Results Hyperglycemia (FPG ≥ 5.6 mmol/l vs. <5.6 mmol/l) at baseline was associated with poorer global cognitive function in midlife (predominantly in the visual spatial and attention domains), independent of socio-demographic characteristics, life style variables, body mass index (BMI), and inflammatory and biochemical variables (standardized Beta = -0.121, P = 0.002, plinear trend(FPG continuous) =0.016). Similarly, increased odds for low-ranked (lowest fifth) global cognition was evident (ORper mmol/l FPG=2.31, 95% CI = 1.30-4.13, P = 0.005). Baseline OGTT, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and change in FPG and OGTT over 13 years were not associated with cognition. Conclusion A higher FPG in young adults was associated with lower cognitive performance in midlife. Although we cannot dismiss the possibility of reverse causation, hyperglycemia at a young age may be a modifiable risk factor for low-ranked cognitive function in midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Cohen-Manheim
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronit Sinnreich
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Glen M Doniger
- Department of Clinical Research, NeuroTrax Corporation, Modiin, Israel.,Center for Medical Decision Making, Ono Academic College, Kiryat Ono, Israel
| | - Ely S Simon
- Department of Clinical Research, NeuroTrax Corporation, Modiin, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ronit Pinchas-Mizrachi
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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6
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Furer A, Afek A, Orr O, Gershovitz L, Landau Rabbi M, Derazne E, Pinhas-Hamiel O, Fink N, Leiba A, Tirosh A, Kark JD, Twig G. Sex-specific associations between adolescent categories of BMI with cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in midlife. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:80. [PMID: 29871640 PMCID: PMC5989357 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Most studies linking long-term consequences of adolescent underweight and obesity are limited to men. Objective To assess the sex-specific association of adolescent BMI with cardiovascular- and non-cardiovascular-related mortality in young adulthood and midlife. Setting A nationwide cohort. Participants 927,868 women, 1,366,271 men. Interventions Medical examination data at age 17, including BMI, were linked to the national death registry. Main outcomes Death attributed to cardiovascular (CVD) and non-CVD causes. Results During 17,346,230 women-years and 28,367,431 men-years of follow-up, there were 451 and 3208 CVD deaths, respectively, and 6235 and 22,223 non-CVD deaths, respectively. Compared to low-normal BMI (18.5–22.0 kg/m2), underweight women had a lower adjusted risk for CVD mortality (Cox hazard ratio (HR) = 0.68; 95% CI 0.46–0.98) in contrast to underweight men (HR = 0.99; 0.88–1.13). The latter were at higher risk for non-CVD mortality (HR = 1.04; 1.00–1.09), unlike underweight women (HR = 1.01; 0.93–1.10). Findings, which persisted when the study sample was limited to those with unimpaired health, were accentuated for the obese with ≥ 30 years follow-up. Both sexes exhibited similarly higher risk estimates already in the high-normal BMI range (22.0 ≤ BMI < 25.0 kg/m2) with overall no interaction between sex and BMI (p = 0.62). Adjusted spline models suggested lower BMI values for minimal mortality risk among women (16.8 and 18.2 kg/m2) than men (18.8 and 20.0 kg/m2), for CVD and non-CVD death, respectively. Conclusions Underweight adolescent females have favorable cardiovascular outcomes in adulthood. Otherwise the risk patterns were similar between the sexes. The optimal BMI value for women and men with respect to future CVD outcomes is within or below the currently accepted low-normal BMI range. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-018-0727-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Furer
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Arnon Afek
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Omri Orr
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Liron Gershovitz
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Moran Landau Rabbi
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Estela Derazne
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Fink
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Adi Leiba
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Tirosh
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Dr. Pinchas Bornstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Institute of Endocrinology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,The Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gilad Twig
- The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel. .,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Institute of Endocrinology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel. .,The Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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7
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Factors associated with cognitive impairment in elderly versus nonelderly patients with metabolic syndrome: the different roles of FGF21. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5174. [PMID: 29581470 PMCID: PMC5980096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels have been found in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is also associated with cognitive decline. However, the correlation between FGF21 and cognitive decline in elderly and nonelderly MetS patients has not been investigated. 116 non-elderly patients (age <65 years old) and 96 elderly patients (≥65 years old) with MetS were enrolled. Blood samples for FGF21 were collected from all participants after 12-hour fasting. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) test. The MoCA score was negatively associated with age and was different among different levels of education in these MetS patients. In the non-elderly group, body mass index (BMI) showed positively correlated with MoCA score while, FGF21 level and HbA1C were negatively associated with the MoCA score in non-elderly MetS patients. BMI was the only factor which showed a negative correlation with the MoCA score in elderly MetS patients. This study demonstrated that FGF21 level was independently associated with cognitive impairment in non-elderly patients but not in elderly patients. The possible role of FGF21 level in cognitive impairment in non-elderly should be confirmed in a prospective study.
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8
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Keinan‐Boker L, Levine H, Leiba A, Derazne E, Kark JD. Adolescent obesity and adult male breast cancer in a cohort of 1,382,093 men. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:910-918. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lital Keinan‐Boker
- Israel National Cancer Registry, Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Gertner Institute, Sheba Medical CenterRamat‐Gan52621 Israel
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Abba Hushy Blvd.Haifa31905 Israel
| | - Hagai Levine
- Hebrew University‐Hadassah School of Public Health & Community Medicine, Ein KeremJerusalem Israel
| | - Adi Leiba
- Surgeon General Headquarters, Medical Corps, Israeli Defense Forces Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University, Ramat AvivTel Aviv Israel
- Harvard Medical SchoolCambridge MA
| | - Estela Derazne
- Surgeon General Headquarters, Medical Corps, Israeli Defense Forces Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University, Ramat AvivTel Aviv Israel
| | - Jeremy D. Kark
- Hebrew University‐Hadassah School of Public Health & Community Medicine, Ein KeremJerusalem Israel
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9
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Levi Z, Kark JD, Twig G, Katz L, Leiba A, Derazne E, Tzur D, Liphshitz I, Keinan-Boker L, Afek A. Body mass index at adolescence and risk of noncardia gastric cancer in a cohort of 1.79 million men and women. Cancer 2017; 124:356-363. [PMID: 29053193 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed adolescent predictors of noncardia gastric cancer (NCGC) with a focus on the body mass index (BMI) in late adolescence. METHODS This study analyzed a cohort of 1,087,358 Israeli Jewish males and 707,212 Israeli Jewish females who underwent a compulsory physical examination between the ages of 16 and 19 years from 1967 to 2002. By linkage to the national cancer registry, participants were followed for NCGC through December 31, 2012. With a median follow-up of 23 years, 515 NCGC cases occurred (379 men and 136 women), and the median age was 47.0 years (interquartile range, 39.3-53.4 years). Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for NCGC according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention BMI percentiles at the baseline (normal weight, 5th to <85th percentile; overweight, 85th to <95th percentile; and obesity, ≥95th percentile) as well as the country of birth, residential socioeconomic status (SES), and education. RESULTS In comparison with normal weight, adolescent obesity, but not overweight, was associated in both men and women with the risk of subsequent NCGC (unadjusted HR, 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-3.06; adjusted HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.12-2.83). Immigration from the former Soviet Union (FSU), a low education level, and a low residential SES were also associated with the risk for NCGC with adjusted HRs of 2.67 (95% CI, 1.86-3.83), 1.85 (95% CI, 1.53-2.25), and 1.48 (95% CI, 1.13-1.93), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that adolescent obesity, but not overweight, is associated with an increased risk for NCGC. Immigration from the FSU, a low residential SES, and a low education level are also significantly associated with the risk for NCGC. Cancer 2018;124:356-63. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohar Levi
- Gastroenterology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gilad Twig
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Katz
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Leiba
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Dorit Tzur
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | - Arnon Afek
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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10
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Levi Z, Kark JD, Katz LH, Twig G, Derazne E, Tzur D, Leibovici Weissman Y, Leiba A, Lipshiez I, Keinan Boker L, Afek A. Adolescent body mass index and risk of colon and rectal cancer in a cohort of 1.79 million Israeli men and women: A population-based study. Cancer 2017; 123:4022-4030. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zohar Levi
- Gastroenterology Department; Rabin Medical Center; Petach Tikva Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Jeremy D. Kark
- Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine; Ein Kerem Jerusalem Israel
| | - Lior H. Katz
- Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Medicine and Dr. Pinchas Bornstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program; Sheba Medical Center; Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Gilad Twig
- Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Medicine and Dr. Pinchas Bornstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program; Sheba Medical Center; Ramat Gan Israel
| | | | - Dorit Tzur
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps; Jerusalem Israel
| | | | - Adi Leiba
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps; Jerusalem Israel
| | | | | | - Arnon Afek
- Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Israel Ministry of Health; Jerusalem Israel
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11
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Paediatric obesity and cardiovascular risk factors - A life course approach. Porto Biomed J 2017; 2:102-110. [PMID: 32258598 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbj.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is increasingly prevalent worldwide, and Portugal presents one of the highest prevalence of obesity and overweight among the European countries. Since childhood obesity is a risk factor for obesity in adulthood, the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in paediatric age currently experienced is expected to lead to even higher prevalence of obesity in adulthood in future decades. It is well known that the prenatal period and infancy are critical or sensitive periods for obesity development, but a growing body of evidence also suggests a relevant role of childhood and adolescence. The exposure to some factors during these periods or specific time frames within these periods may confer additional risk for obesity development. Paediatric obesity is associated with cardiovascular risk factors both in the short or medium-term, but also in the long term, conferring additional risk for future adult health. However, it is not clear whether the relation between paediatric obesity and adult health is independent of adult adiposity. There is a moderate to high tracking of obesity from paediatric age into adulthood, which may partially explain the association with adult outcomes. Therefore, there has been increasing interest on life course frameworks to study the effect of the dynamics of adiposity across paediatric age on adult outcomes, namely on the cardiovascular disease risk. The use of this approach to study determinants and consequences of obesity raises methodological challenges to summarize the exposure to adiposity/obesity across the life span, being the identification of growth trajectories and the quantification of the duration of obesity among the most used methods. However, further investigation is still needed to explore the best methods to summarize exposure to adiposity and its variation across time.
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12
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Shamriz O, Leiba M, Levine H, Derazne E, Keinan-Boker L, Kark JD. Higher body mass index in 16-19 year-old Jewish Adolescents of North African, Middle Eastern and European Origins is a Predictor of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: a cohort of 2.3 million Israelis. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 28:331-339. [PMID: 28258513 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0863-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies evaluating adolescent risk factors for developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are virtually nonexistent. We assessed adolescent predictors of AML in adults, with a main focus on adolescent BMI. METHODS The study included 2,310,922 16-19-year-old Jewish Israeli adolescents (mean age 17.3 ± 0.4, 59.5% male), called up for an obligatory health examination. Sociodemographic and health data, including measured weight and height, were gathered. Body mass index (BMI) was examined both as a continuous variable and grouped according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification and US-CDC percentiles. Bone-marrow-biopsy-verified AML cases diagnosed up to 31 December 2012 were identified by linkage to the Israel national cancer registry. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional-hazards models were used to model time to diagnosis. RESULTS During 47 million person years of follow-up, 568 AML cases were identified (crude incidence rate 1.21/100,000 person years). There was a multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.041 (95% CI 1.015-1.068, p = 0.002) per unit BMI. The association was evident in those of Middle Eastern, North African, and European origin. A graded association was evident across the overweight and obese WHO grouping. With the US-CDC grouping, excess risk was evident in overweight but not in obese adolescents, although a test for trend in percentiles was significant (p = 0.004). Borderline associations were noted for origin (p = 0.065) (higher in the predominantly Ashkenazi European origin), sex (higher in women: HR = 1.24 (95% CI 0.99-1.55), and stature (HR = 1.013, 95% CI 1.000-1.026, per cm). CONCLUSIONS Higher BMI in adolescence was associated with increased AML incidence in adulthood in this multiethnic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Shamriz
- Pediatric Division, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, Hadassah Medical Organization, POB 12000, Kiryat Hadassah, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Merav Leiba
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Multiple Myeloma Clinic, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagai Levine
- Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Estela Derazne
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Medical Corps, Israeli Defense Forces, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Lital Keinan-Boker
- Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.,School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
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