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Lu J, Wang Z, He Z, Hu Y, Duan H, Liu Z, Li D, Zhong S, Ren J, Zhao G, Mou Y, Yao M. Oligomer-Aβ42 suppress glioma progression via potentiating phagocytosis of microglia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14495. [PMID: 37849438 PMCID: PMC10805446 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Glioma is characterized by an immunosuppressed environment and a poor prognosis. The accumulation of Amyloid β (Aβ) leads to an active environment during the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is also present in glioma tissues; however, the biological and translational implications of Aβ in glioma are elusive. METHODS Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis and Cox regression analysis on a cohort of 79 patients from our institution were performed to investigate the association between Aβ and the malignancy of glioma. Subsequently, the potential of oligomer-Aβ42 (OAβ42) to inhibit glioma growth was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining and phagocytosis assays were performed to evaluate the activation of microglia. Finally, RNA-seq was utilized to identify the predominant signaling involved in this process and in vitro studies were performed to validate them. RESULTS A positive correlation between Aβ and a favorable prognosis was observed in glioma. Furthermore, OAβ42 suppressed glioma growth by enhancing the phagocytic activity of microglia. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) secreted by OAβ42-activated microglia was essential in the engulfment process. CONCLUSION Our study proved an anti-glioma effect of Aβ, and microglia could serve as a cellular target for treating glioma with OAβ42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro‐oncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongguan People's Hospital (Affiliated Dongguan Hospital)Southern Medical UniversityDongguanChina
| | - Zhenqiang He
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro‐oncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Yang Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhouChina
| | - Hao Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro‐oncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Zihao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhouChina
| | - Depei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro‐oncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro‐oncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Guojun Zhao
- Laboratory Animal CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityQingyuanChina
| | - Yonggao Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro‐oncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Maojin Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhouChina
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2
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Twait EL, Min B, Beran M, Vonk JMJ, Geerlings MI. The cross-sectional association between amyloid burden and white matter hyperintensities in older adults without cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101952. [PMID: 37178806 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by the aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) proteins into plaques. Individuals with AD frequently show mixed pathologies, often caused by cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), resulting in lesions such as white matter hyperintensities (WMH). The current systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the cross-sectional relationship between amyloid burden and WMH in older adults without objective cognitive impairment. A systematic search performed in PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO yielded 13 eligible studies. Aβ was assessed using PET, CSF, or plasma measurements. Two meta-analyses were performed: one on Cohen's d metrics and one on correlation coefficients. The meta-analyses revealed an overall weighted small-to-medium Cohen's d of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.31-0.78) in CSF, an overall correlation of 0.31 (0.09-0.50) in CSF, and a large Cohen's d of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.66-1.27) in PET. Only two studies assessed this relationship in plasma, with an effect size of - 0.20 (95% CI: -0.75 to 0.34). These findings indicate a relationship between both amyloid and vascular pathologies in cognitively normal adults in PET and CSF. Future studies should assess the possible relationship of blood amyloid-beta and WMH for broader identification of at risk individuals showing mixed pathology in preclinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Twait
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Department of General Practice, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Research Institute Amsterdam Public Health, Research Programme Aging & Later life, and Research Programme Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Britt Min
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Bachelor Program Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Magdalena Beran
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; School for Cardiovascular Disease (CARIM), Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jet M J Vonk
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mirjam I Geerlings
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Research Institute Amsterdam Public Health, Research Programme Aging & Later life, and Research Programme Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Research Institute Amsterdam Neuroscience, Research Programme Neurodegeneration, and Research Programme Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress, and Sleep, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of General Practice, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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3
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Fernandez-Alvarez M, Atienza M, Zallo F, Matute C, Capetillo-Zarate E, Cantero JL. Linking Plasma Amyloid Beta and Neurofilament Light Chain to Intracortical Myelin Content in Cognitively Normal Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:896848. [PMID: 35783126 PMCID: PMC9247578 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.896848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that lightly myelinated cortical regions are vulnerable to aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether plasma markers of amyloid and neurodegeneration are related to deficits in intracortical myelin content, and whether this relationship, in turn, is associated with altered patterns of resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC). To shed light into these questions, plasma levels of amyloid-β fragment 1–42 (Aβ1–42) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were measured using ultra-sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) assays, and the intracortical myelin content was estimated with the ratio T1-weigthed/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) in 133 cognitively normal older adults. We assessed: (i) whether plasma Aβ1–42 and/or NfL levels were associated with intracortical myelin content at different cortical depths and (ii) whether cortical regions showing myelin reductions also exhibited altered rs-FC patterns. Surface-based multiple regression analyses revealed that lower plasma Aβ1–42 and higher plasma NfL were associated with lower myelin content in temporo-parietal-occipital regions and the insular cortex, respectively. Whereas the association with Aβ1–42 decreased with depth, the NfL-myelin relationship was most evident in the innermost layer. Older individuals with higher plasma NfL levels also exhibited altered rs-FC between the insula and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Together, these findings establish a link between plasma markers of amyloid/neurodegeneration and intracortical myelin content in cognitively normal older adults, and support the role of plasma NfL in boosting aberrant FC patterns of the insular cortex, a central brain hub highly vulnerable to aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatima Zallo
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose L. Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jose L. Cantero,
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4
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Woodworth DC, Scambray KA, Corrada MM, Kawas CH, Sajjadi SA. Neuroimaging in the Oldest-Old: A Review of the Literature. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:129-147. [PMID: 33998539 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The oldest-old, those 85 years and older, are the fastest growing segment of the population and present with the highest prevalence of dementia. Given the importance of neuroimaging measures to understand aging and dementia, the objective of this study was to review neuroimaging studies performed in oldest-old participants. We used PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science search engines to identify in vivo CT, MRI, and PET neuroimaging studies either performed in the oldest-old or that addressed the oldest-old as a distinct group in analyses. We identified 60 studies and summarized the main group characteristics and findings. Generally, oldest-old participants presented with greater atrophy compared to younger old participants, with most studies reporting a relatively stable constant decline in brain volumes over time. Oldest-old participants with greater global atrophy and atrophy in key brain structures such as the medial temporal lobe were more likely to have dementia or cognitive impairment. The oldest-old presented with a high burden of white matter lesions, which were associated with various lifestyle factors and some cognitive measures. Amyloid burden as assessed by PET, while high in the oldest-old compared to younger age groups, was still predictive of transition from normal to impaired cognition, especially when other adverse neuroimaging measures (atrophy and white matter lesions) were also present. While this review highlights past neuroimaging research in the oldest-old, it also highlights the dearth of studies in this important population. It is imperative to perform more neuroimaging studies in the oldest-old to better understand aging and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis C Woodworth
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kiana A Scambray
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - María M Corrada
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Claudia H Kawas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - S Ahmad Sajjadi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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5
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Cheslow L, Snook AE, Waldman SA. Emerging targets for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease: examination of systemic biomarkers. Biomark Med 2021; 15:597-608. [PMID: 33988462 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly prevalent and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that is typically diagnosed in an advanced stage. Currently, there are no approved biomarkers that reliably identify PD patients before they have undergone extensive neuronal damage, eliminating the opportunity for future disease-modifying therapies to intervene in disease progression. This unmet need for diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers has fueled PD research for decades, but these efforts have not yet yielded actionable results. Recently, studies exploring mechanisms underlying PD progression have offered insights into multisystemic contributions to pathology, challenging the classic perspective of PD as a disease isolated to the brain. This shift in understanding has opened the door to potential new biomarkers from multiple sites in the body. This review focuses on emerging candidates for PD biomarkers in the context of current diagnostic approaches and multiple organ systems that contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cheslow
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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6
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Benedet AL, Leuzy A, Pascoal TA, Ashton NJ, Mathotaarachchi S, Savard M, Therriault J, Kang MS, Chamoun M, Schöll M, Zimmer ER, Gauthier S, Labbe A, Zetterberg H, Rosa-Neto P, Blennow K. Stage-specific links between plasma neurofilament light and imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Brain 2021; 143:3793-3804. [PMID: 33210117 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofilament light (NfL) is a marker of neuroaxonal injury, a prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease. It remains uncertain, however, how it relates to amyloid and tau pathology or neurodegeneration across the Alzheimer's disease continuum. The aim of this study was to investigate how plasma NfL relates to amyloid and tau PET and MRI measures of brain atrophy in participants with and without cognitive impairment. We retrospectively examined the association between plasma NfL and MRI measures of grey/white matter volumes in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI: n = 1149; 382 cognitively unimpaired control subjects and 767 cognitively impaired participants (mild cognitive impairment n = 420, Alzheimer's disease dementia n = 347)]. Longitudinal plasma NfL was measured using single molecule array (Simoa) technology. Cross-sectional associations between plasma NfL and PET amyloid and tau measures were independently assessed in two cohorts: ADNI [n = 198; 110 cognitively unimpaired, 88 cognitively impaired (MCI n = 67, Alzheimer's disease dementia n = 21), data accessed October 2018]; and Translational Biomarkers in Aging and Dementia [TRIAD, n = 116; 74 cognitively unimpaired, 42 cognitively impaired (MCI n = 16, Alzheimer's disease dementia n = 26), data obtained November 2017 to January 2019]. Associations between plasma NfL and imaging-derived measures were examined voxel-wise using linear regression (cross-sectional) and linear mixed effect models (longitudinal). Cross-sectional analyses in both cohorts showed that plasma NfL was associated with PET findings in brain regions typically affected by Alzheimer's disease; associations were specific to amyloid PET in cognitively unimpaired and tau PET in cognitively impaired (P < 0.05). Longitudinal analyses showed that NfL levels were associated with grey/white matter volume loss; grey matter atrophy in cognitively unimpaired was specific to APOE ε4 carriers (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that plasma NfL increases in response to amyloid-related neuronal injury in preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease, but is related to tau-mediated neurodegeneration in symptomatic patients. As such, plasma NfL may a useful measure to monitor effects in disease-modifying drug trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa L Benedet
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Antoine Leuzy
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tharick A Pascoal
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Sulantha Mathotaarachchi
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Melissa Savard
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph Therriault
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Min Su Kang
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mira Chamoun
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Schöll
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Eduardo R Zimmer
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, The McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Montreal, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Departament of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Serge Gauthier
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, The McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Montreal, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Aurélie Labbe
- Department of Decision Sciences, HEC Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, The McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Montreal, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
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7
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Lindberg O, Kern S, Skoog J, Machado A, Pereira JB, Sacuiu SF, Wahlund LO, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Zettergren A, Westman E, Skoog I. Effects of amyloid pathology and the APOE ε4 allele on the association between cerebrospinal fluid Aβ38 and Aβ40 and brain morphology in cognitively normal 70-years-olds. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 101:1-12. [PMID: 33548794 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ) Aβ38 or Aβ40 and brain grey- and white matter integrity is poorly understood. We studied this in 213 cognitively normal 70-year-olds, and in subgroups defined by presence/absence of the APOE ε4 allele and Aβ pathology: Aβ-/APOE-, Aβ+/APOE-, Aβ-/APOE+ and Aβ+/APOE+. CSF Aβ was quantified using ELISA and genotyping for APOE was performed. Low CSF Aβ42 defined Aβ plaque pathology. Brain volumes were assessed using Freesurfer-5.3, and white matter integrity using tract-based statistics in FSL. Aβ38 and Aβ40 were positively correlated with cortical thickness, some subcortical volumes and white matter integrity in the total sample, and in 3 of the subgroups: Aβ-/APOE-, Aβ+/APOE- and Aβ-/APOE+. In Aβ+/APOE+ subjects, higher Aβ38 and Aβ40 were linked to reduced cortical thickness and subcortical volumes. We hypothesize that production of all Aβ species decrease in brain regions with atrophy. In Aβ+/APOE+, Aβ-dysregulation may be linked to cortical atrophy in which high Aβ levels is causing pathological changes in the gray matter of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof Lindberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Silke Kern
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Mölndal, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Johan Skoog
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Mölndal, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alejandra Machado
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joana B Pereira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simona F Sacuiu
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Mölndal, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lars-Olof Wahlund
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Mölndal, Sweden; Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
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8
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Wang ML, Yu MM, Li WB, Li YH. Longitudinal Association between White Matter Hyperintensities and White Matter Beta-Amyloid Deposition in Cognitively Unimpaired Elderly. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 18:8-13. [PMID: 33761854 DOI: 10.2174/1567205018666210324125116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter (WM) beta-amyloid uptake has been used as a reference region to calculate the cortical standard uptake value ratio (SUVr). However, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) may have an influence on WM beta-amyloid uptake. Our study aimed to investigate the associations between WMH and WM beta-amyloid deposition in cognitively unimpaired elderly. METHODS Data from 83 cognitively unimpaired individuals in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset were analyzed. All participants had complete baseline and four-year follow-up information about WMH volume, WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr, and cognitive function, including ADNI-Memory (ADNI-Mem) and ADNI-Executive function (ADNI-EF) scores. Cross-sectional and longitudinal linear regression analyses were used to determine the associations between WMH and WM SUVr and cognitive measures. RESULTS Lower WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr at baseline was associated with younger age (β=0.01, P=0.037) and larger WMH volume (β=-0.049, P=0.048). The longitudinal analysis found an annual increase in WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr was associated with an annual decrease in WMH volume (β=-0.016, P=0.041). An annual decrease in the ADNI-Mem score was associated with an annual increase in WMH volume (β=-0.070, P=0.001), an annual decrease in WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr (β=0.559, P=0.030), and fewer years of education (β=0.011, P=0.044). There was no significant association between WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr and ADNI-EF (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Reduced beta-amyloid deposition in WM was associated with higher WMH load and memory decline in cognitively unimpaired elderly. WMH volume should be considered when WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr is used as a reference for evaluating cortical 18F-AV-45 SUVr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Liang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233,China
| | - Meng-Meng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233,China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233,China
| | - Yue-Hua Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233,China
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9
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Turner RS, Hebron ML, Lawler A, Mundel EE, Yusuf N, Starr JN, Anjum M, Pagan F, Torres‐Yaghi Y, Shi W, Mulki S, Ferrante D, Matar S, Liu X, Esposito G, Berkowitz F, Jiang X, Ahn J, Moussa C. Nilotinib Effects on Safety, Tolerability, and Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease. Ann Neurol 2020; 88:183-194. [PMID: 32468646 PMCID: PMC7383852 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Preclinical evidence with nilotinib, a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for leukemia, indicates improvement in Alzheimer's disease phenotypes. We investigated whether nilotinib is safe, and detectable in cerebrospinal fluid, and alters biomarkers and clinical decline in Alzheimer's disease. METHODS This single-center, phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of nilotinib, and measured biomarkers in participants with mild to moderate dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The diagnosis was supported by cerebrospinal fluid or amyloid positron emission tomography biomarkers. Nilotinib 150 mg versus matching placebo was taken orally once daily for 26 weeks followed by nilotinib 300 mg versus placebo for another 26 weeks. RESULTS Of the 37 individuals enrolled, 27 were women and the mean (SD) age was 70.7 (6.48) years. Nilotinib was well-tolerated, although more adverse events, particularly mood swings, were noted with the 300 mg dose. In the nilotinib group, central nervous system (CNS) amyloid burden was significantly reduced in the frontal lobe compared to the placebo group. Cerebrospinal fluid Aβ40 was reduced at 6 months and Aβ42 was reduced at 12 months in the nilotinib group compared to the placebo. Hippocampal volume loss was attenuated (-27%) at 12 months and phospho-tau-181 was reduced at 6 months and 12 months in the nilotinib group. INTERPRETATION Nilotinib is safe and achieves pharmacologically relevant cerebrospinal fluid concentrations. Biomarkers of disease were altered in response to nilotinib treatment. These data support a larger, longer, multicenter study to determine the safety and efficacy of nilotinib in Alzheimer's disease. ANN NEUROL 2020 ANN NEUROL 2020;88:183-194.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond S. Turner
- Memory Disorders Program, Department of NeurologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Michaeline L. Hebron
- Translational Neurotherapeutics Program, Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, Department of NeurologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Abigail Lawler
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of NeurologyMedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Elizabeth E. Mundel
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of NeurologyMedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Nadia Yusuf
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of NeurologyMedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDCUSA
| | - J. Nathan Starr
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of NeurologyMedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Muhammad Anjum
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of NeurologyMedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Fernando Pagan
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of NeurologyMedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Yasar Torres‐Yaghi
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of NeurologyMedStar Georgetown University HospitalWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Wangke Shi
- Translational Neurotherapeutics Program, Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, Department of NeurologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Sanjana Mulki
- Translational Neurotherapeutics Program, Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, Department of NeurologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Dalila Ferrante
- Translational Neurotherapeutics Program, Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, Department of NeurologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Sara Matar
- Translational Neurotherapeutics Program, Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, Department of NeurologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Translational Neurotherapeutics Program, Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, Department of NeurologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | | | - Frank Berkowitz
- Department of RadiologyMedStar Georgetown HospitalWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Xiong Jiang
- Department of NeuroscienceGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Jaeil Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and BiomathematicsGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Charbel Moussa
- Translational Neurotherapeutics Program, Laboratory for Dementia and Parkinsonism, Department of NeurologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
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10
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White matter hyperintensities are associated with subthreshold amyloid accumulation. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116944. [PMID: 32445880 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and amyloid accumulation over time in cognitively normal, amyloid-negative elderly people remains largely unexplored. In order to study whether baseline WMH were associated with longitudinal subthreshold amyloid accumulation, 159 cognitively normal participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative who were amyloid-negative at baseline were examined. All the participants underwent a T1 and a Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery MRI scan at baseline. Amyloid PET imaging was performed at baseline and follow-up visits in 2-year intervals for up to 8 years. Partial volume correction was applied for quantifying cortical Standardised Uptake Value Ratios (SUVR). The associations between global and regional WMH burden and amyloid accumulation were assessed using linear mixed models adjusted by demographic characteristics and baseline SUVR. Partial volume correction increased the measured annual rate of change (+2.4%) compared to that obtained from non-corrected data (+0.5%). There were no significant correlations between baseline WMHs and baseline subthreshold cortical amyloid uptake. In a longitudinal analysis, increased baseline cortical SUVR and increased baseline burden of global (p = 0.006), frontal (p = 0.006), and parietal WMH (p = 0.003) were associated with faster amyloid accumulation. WMH-related amyloid accumulation occurred in parietal, frontal, and, to a lesser extent, cingulate cortices. These results remained unchanged after a sensitivity analysis excluding participants with the highest cortical SUVRs. This is the first study to identify a specific spatial distribution of WMH which is associated with future amyloid accumulation in cognitively normal elderly subjects without PET-detectable amyloid pathology. These findings may have important implications in prevention trials for the early identification of amyloid accumulation.
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Puzo C, Labriola C, Sugarman MA, Tripodis Y, Martin B, Palmisano JN, Steinberg EG, Stein TD, Kowall NW, McKee AC, Mez J, Killiany RJ, Stern RA, Alosco ML. Independent effects of white matter hyperintensities on cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and functional decline: a longitudinal investigation using the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. Alzheimers Res Ther 2019; 11:64. [PMID: 31351489 PMCID: PMC6661103 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-019-0521-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal investigations are needed to improve understanding of the contributions of cerebral small vessel disease to the clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease, particularly in the early disease stages. This study leveraged the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set to longitudinally examine the association between white matter hyperintensities and neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and functional decline among participants with normal cognition. METHODS The sample included 465 participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set who had quantitated volume of white matter hyperintensities from fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI, had normal cognition at the time of their MRI, and were administered the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set neuropsychological test battery within 1 year of study evaluation and had at least two post-MRI time points of clinical data. Neuropsychiatric status was assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 and Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire. Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes defined functional status. For participants subsequently diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, their impairment must have been attributed to Alzheimer's disease (AD) to evaluate the relationships between WMH and the clinical presentation of AD. RESULTS Of the 465 participants, 56 converted to MCI or AD dementia (average follow-up = 5 years). Among the 465 participants, generalized estimating equations controlling for age, sex, race, education, APOE ε4, and total brain and hippocampal volume showed that higher baseline log-white matter hyperintensities predicted accelerated decline on the following neuropsychological tests in rank order of effect size: Trails B (p < 0.01), Digit Symbol Coding (p < 0.01), Logical Memory Immediate Recall (p = 0.02), Trail Making A (p < 0.01), and Semantic Fluency (p < 0.01). White matter hyperintensities predicted increases in Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (p < 0.01) and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 scores (p = 0.01). Effect sizes were comparable to total brain and hippocampal volume. White matter hyperintensities did not predict diagnostic conversion. All effects also remained after including individuals with non-AD suspected etiologies for those who converted to MCI or dementia. CONCLUSIONS In this baseline cognitively normal sample, greater white matter hyperintensities were associated with accelerated cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and functional decline independent of traditional risk factors and MRI biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Puzo
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Caroline Labriola
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Michael A Sugarman
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Yorghos Tripodis
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett Martin
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph N Palmisano
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric G Steinberg
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Jamaica Plain, USA
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Jamaica Plain, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Jamaica Plain, USA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronald J Killiany
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Robert A Stern
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael L Alosco
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord Street, Suite B7800, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Legdeur N, Badissi M, Carter SF, de Crom S, van de Kreeke A, Vreeswijk R, Trappenburg MC, Oudega ML, Koek HL, van Campen JP, Keijsers CJPW, Amadi C, Hinz R, Gordon MF, Novak G, Podhorna J, Serné E, Verbraak F, Yaqub M, Hillebrand A, Griffa A, Pendleton N, Kramer SE, Teunissen CE, Lammertsma A, Barkhof F, van Berckel BNM, Scheltens P, Muller M, Maier AB, Herholz K, Visser PJ. Resilience to cognitive impairment in the oldest-old: design of the EMIF-AD 90+ study. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:289. [PMID: 30477432 PMCID: PMC6258163 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0984-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oldest-old (subjects aged 90 years and older) population represents the fastest growing segment of society and shows a high dementia prevalence rate of up to 40%. Only a few studies have investigated protective factors for cognitive impairment in the oldest-old. The EMIF-AD 90+ Study aims to identify factors associated with resilience to cognitive impairment in the oldest-old. In this paper we reviewed previous studies on cognitive resilience in the oldest-old and described the design of the EMIF-AD 90+ Study. METHODS The EMIF-AD 90+ Study aimed to enroll 80 cognitively normal subjects and 40 subjects with cognitive impairment aged 90 years or older. Cognitive impairment was operationalized as amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), or possible or probable Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The study was part of the European Medical Information Framework for AD (EMIF-AD) and was conducted at the Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC) and at the University of Manchester. We will test whether cognitive resilience is associated with cognitive reserve, vascular comorbidities, mood, sleep, sensory system capacity, physical performance and capacity, genetic risk factors, hallmarks of ageing, and markers of neurodegeneration. Markers of neurodegeneration included an amyloid positron emission tomography, amyloid β and tau in cerebrospinal fluid/blood and neurophysiological measures. DISCUSSION The EMIF-AD 90+ Study will extend our knowledge on resilience to cognitive impairment in the oldest-old by extensive phenotyping of the subjects and the measurement of a wide range of potential protective factors, hallmarks of aging and markers of neurodegeneration. TRIAL REGISTRATION Nederlands Trial Register NTR5867 . Registered 20 May 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Legdeur
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Badissi
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stephen F. Carter
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sophie de Crom
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aleid van de Kreeke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph Vreeswijk
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mardien L. Oudega
- Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huiberdina L. Koek
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos P. van Campen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, MC Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Chinenye Amadi
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rainer Hinz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Gerald Novak
- Janssen Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Titusville, NJ USA
| | - Jana Podhorna
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim/Rhein, Germany
| | - Erik Serné
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Verbraak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maqsood Yaqub
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Hillebrand
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and MEG Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Griffa
- Dutch Connectome Lab, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neil Pendleton
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sophia E. Kramer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Section Ear & Hearing, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan Lammertsma
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bart N. M. van Berckel
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Majon Muller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea B. Maier
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karl Herholz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Molecular Mechanisms of Oligodendrocyte Regeneration in White Matter-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061743. [PMID: 29895784 PMCID: PMC6032201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Even in adult brains, restorative mechanisms are still retained to maintain the microenvironment. Under the pathological conditions of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, several immature cells in the brain would be activated as a compensative response. As the concept of the neurovascular unit emphasizes, cell-cell interactions play important roles in this restorative process. White matter damage and oligodendrocyte loss are representative characteristics for many neurodegenerative diseases. In response to oligodendrocyte damage, residual oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) initiate their proliferation and differentiation for the purpose of remyelination. Although mechanisms of oligodendrogenesis and remyelination in CNS diseases are still mostly unknown and understudied, accumulated evidence now suggests that support from neighboring cells is necessary for OPC proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we first overview basic mechanisms of interaction between oligodendrocyte lineage cells and neighboring cells, and then introduce how oligodendrogenesis occurs under the conditions of neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on vascular cognitive impairment syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis.
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