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Wang Y, Zhang X, Biverstål H, Bazan NG, Tan S, Li N, Ohshima M, Schultzberg M, Li X. Pro-resolving lipid mediator reduces amyloid-β42-induced gene expression in human monocyte-derived microglia. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:873-886. [PMID: 38886959 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202503000-00031/figure1/v/2024-06-17T092413Z/r/image-tiff Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte-derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42-induced Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease-like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42-induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Biverstål
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nicolas G Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shuai Tan
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Clinical Pharmacology Group, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nailin Li
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Clinical Pharmacology Group, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Makiko Ohshima
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianne Schultzberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sun S, Zhang T, Liu L, Zhou H, Yin P, Wang L. Maresin1 restrains chronic inflammation and Aβ production to ameliorate Alzheimer's disease via modulating ADAM10/17 and its associated neuroprotective signal pathways: A pilot study. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 759:110109. [PMID: 39117070 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is an important pathogenetic factor that leads to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) play critical role in regulating inflammatory responses during AD pathogenesis. Maresin1 (MaR1) is the latest discovered SPMs, and it is found that MaR1 improves AD cognitive impairment by regulating neurotrophic pathways to protect AD synapses and reduce Aβ production, which made MaR1 as candidate agent for AD treatment. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanisms are still largely known. In this study, the AD mice and cellular models were subjected to MaR1 treatment, and we found that MaR1 reduced Aβ production to ameliorate AD-related symptoms and increased the expression levels of ADAM10/17, sAPPα and sAPPβ to exert its anti-inflammatory role. In addition, as it was determined by Western Blot analysis, we observed that MaR1 could affected the neuroprotective signal pathways. Specifically, MaR1 downregulated p57NTR and upregulated TrkA to activate the p75NTR/TrkA signal pathway, and it could increase the expression levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt, and downregulated p-mTOR to activate the PI3K/AKT/ERK/mTOR pathway. Finally, we verified the role of ADAM10/17 in regulating AD progression, and we found that silencing of ADAM10/17 inactivated the above neuroprotective signal pathways to aggravate AD pathogenesis. In conclusion, MaR1 is verified as potential therapeutic agent for AD by eliminating Aβ production, upregulating ADAM10/17, sAPPα and sAPPβ, and activating the neuroprotective p75NTR/TrkA pathway and the PI3K/AKT/ERK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150036, China; Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Huimin Zhou
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150036, China.
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Zhao M, Xian W, Liu W, Chen D, Wang S, Cao J. Maresin1 alleviates neuroinflammation by inhibiting caspase-3/ GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in mice cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107789. [PMID: 38782167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of Maresin1 in reducing cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided (n = 5 in each group), and focal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was used to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. TTC and the Longa score were used to detect the degree of neurological deficits. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of GSDME, GSDME-N, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in cerebral ischemic penumbra tissue, and immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression levels of GSDME-N. The mRNA expression levels of GSDME and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS Compared with sham group, GSDME mRNA levels in MCAO group were significantly increased at 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion, and GSDME and GSDME-N significantly increased at 6-48 h after reperfusion. Compared with sham group, the percentage of infarct size, the Longa score, the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and GSDME, GSDME-N, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in MCAO group was significantly increased. Then, the percentage of infarct size and the Longa score significantly decreased after MaR1 administration, the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 downregulated, and GSDME, GSDME-N, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 were also reduced. After administration of Z-DEVD-FMK(ZDF), the expression of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 and GSDME-N was decreased, which in MCAO+MaR1+ZDF group was not statistically significant compared with MCAO+ ZDF group. CONCLUSION Maresin1 alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis mediated by caspase-3/GSDME pathway and alleviating neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoji Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wenjing Xian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wenyi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Daiyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Zhang W, Xiao D, Mao Q, Xia H. Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:267. [PMID: 37433768 PMCID: PMC10336149 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and so on, have suggested that inflammation is not only a result of neurodegeneration but also a crucial player in this process. Protein aggregates which are very common pathological phenomenon in neurodegeneration can induce neuroinflammation which further aggravates protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. Actually, inflammation even happens earlier than protein aggregation. Neuroinflammation induced by genetic variations in CNS cells or by peripheral immune cells may induce protein deposition in some susceptible population. Numerous signaling pathways and a range of CNS cells have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, although they are still far from being completely understood. Due to the limited success of traditional treatment methods, blocking or enhancing inflammatory signaling pathways involved in neurodegeneration are considered to be promising strategies for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases, and many of them have got exciting results in animal models or clinical trials. Some of them, although very few, have been approved by FDA for clinical usage. Here we comprehensively review the factors affecting neuroinflammation and the major inflammatory signaling pathways involved in the pathogenicity of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We also summarize the current strategies, both in animal models and in the clinic, for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xiao
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, P.R. China
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, P.R. China.
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Li X, Gao Y, Han X, Tang S, Li N, Liu X, Ni X. Maresin1 ameliorates postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats by potentially regulating the NF-κB pathway to inhibit astrocyte activation. Exp Gerontol 2023; 176:112168. [PMID: 37055002 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is one of the most serious postoperative complications in the elderly population. Perioperative central neuroinflammation is considered to be an important pathological mechanism of POCD, with the activation of astrocytes playing a key role in central neuroinflammation. Maresin1 (MaR1) is a specific pro-resolving mediator synthesized by macrophages in the resolution stage of inflammation, and provides unique anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution effects by limiting excessive neuroinflammation and promoting postoperative recovery. However, the question remains whether MaR1 can have a positive effect on POCD. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of MaR1 on POCD cognitive function in aged rats after splenectomy. Morris water maze test and IntelliCage test showed that splenectomy could cause transient cognitive dysfunction in aged rats; however, the cognitive impairment of rats was significantly mitigated when MaR1 pretreatment was administered. MaR1 significantly alleviated the fluorescence intensity and protein expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and central nervous system specific protein in the cornu ammonis 1 region of the hippocampus. Simultaneously, the morphology of astrocytes was also severely altered. Further experiments showed that MaR1 inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of several key proinflammatory cytokines-interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the hippocampus of aged rats following splenectomy. The molecular mechanism underlying this process was explored by evaluating expression of components of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. MaR1 substantially inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of NF-κB p65 and κB inhibitor kinase β. Collectively, these results suggest that MaR1 ameliorated splenectomy-induced transient cognitive impairment in elderly rats, and this neuroprotective mechanism may occur through regulating the NF-κB pathway to inhibit astrocyte activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Li
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yubo Gao
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Shaling Tang
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinli Ni
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Yamagata K. Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits ischemic stroke to reduce vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 167:106733. [PMID: 37028469 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Stroke and dementia are global leading causes of neurological disability and death. The pathology of these diseases is interrelated and they share common, modifiable risk factors. It is suggested that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) prevents neurological and vascular disorders induced by ischemic stroke and also prevent dementia. The purpose of this study was to review the potential preventative role of DHA against ischemic stroke-induced vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. In this review, I analyzed studies on stroke-induced dementia from the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases as well as studies on the effects of DHA on stroke-induced dementia. As per the results of interventional studies, DHA intake can potentially ameliorate dementia and cognitive function. In particular, DHA derived from foods such as fish oil enters the blood and then migrates to the brain by binding to fatty acid binding protein 5 that is present in cerebral vascular endothelial cells. At this point, the esterified form of DHA produced by lysophosphatidylcholine is preferentially absorbed into the brain instead of free DHA. DHA accumulates in nerve cell membrane and is involved in the prevention of dementia. The antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of DHA and DHA metabolites as well as their ability to decrease amyloid beta (Aβ) 42 production were implicated in the improvement of cognitive function. The antioxidant effect of DHA, the inhibition of neuronal cell death by Aβ peptide, improvement in learning ability, and enhancement of synaptic plasticity may contribute to the prevention of dementia induced by ischemic stroke.
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Wu H, Wang Y, Fu H, Ji L, Li N, Zhang D, Su L, Hu Z. Maresin1 Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Microglial Neuritis Induced through Blocking TLR4-NF-κ B-NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030534. [PMID: 36983716 PMCID: PMC10054512 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Neuroinflammation is a major etiology of cognitive dysfunction due to sepsis. Maresin1 (MaR1), identified as a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived metabolite from macrophages, has been demonstrated to exhibit potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, detailed functions and molecular mechanism of MaR1 in sepsis-induced cognitive dysfunction has not been fully elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate potential neuroprotective effects of MaR1 on microglia-induced neuroinflammation in sepsis-induced cognitive impairment and to explore its anti-inflammatory mechanism. Methods: Different doses of MaR1 were administered to septic rats by via tail vein injection. The optimal dose was determined based on the 7-day survival rate of rats from each group. derived from macrophages with both anti-inflammatory to observe the ameliorative effects of MaR1 at optimal doses on cognitive dysfunction in septic rats. The effects of MaR1 on neuroinflammation-mediated microglial activation, neuronal apoptosis, and pro-inflammatory cytokine productions were in vivo and in vitro assayed, using Western blot, ELISA, TUNEL staining, Nissl staining, and the immunofluorescence method. To further elucidate anti-inflammatory machinery of MaR1, protein expressions of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles and TLR4-NF-κB pathway-related proteins were subjected to Western blot assay. Results: After tail vein injection of MaR1 with different doses (2 ng/g, 4 ng/g, 8 ng/g), the results showed that 4 ng/g MaR1 treatment significantly increased the rats’ 7-day survival rate compared to the CLP controls. Therefore, subsequent experiments set 4 ng/g MaR1 as the optimal dose. Morris water maze experiments confirmed that MaR1 significantly reduced space memory dysfunction in rats. In addition, in CLP rats and LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia, MaR1 significantly reduced activated microglia and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and neuronal apoptosis. Mechanically, MaR1 inhibits microglia-induced neuroinflammation through suppressing activations of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles and TLR4-NF-κB signal pathway. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggested that MaR1 might be a prospective neuroprotective compound for prevention and treatment in the sepsis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Wu
- School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121012, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121012, China
| | - Na Li
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Longxiang Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhansheng Hu
- School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (Z.H.)
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Maresin 1 alleviates sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation in neonatal rats via JAK2/STAT3/IL-6 pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ponce J, Ulu A, Hanson C, Cameron-Smith E, Bertoni J, Wuebker J, Fisher A, Siu KC, Marmelat V, Adamec J, Bhatti D. Role of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators in Reducing Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:780811. [PMID: 35250536 PMCID: PMC8891627 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.780811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are neurodegenerative disorders that affect millions of individuals worldwide. As incidence of these conditions increases with age, there will undoubtedly be an increased prevalence of cases in the near future. Neuroinflammation is a hallmark in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases and prevention or resolution of chronic neuroinflammation may represent a novel approach to treatment. The present review highlights the potential of the anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived mediators (Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators—SPM) in neurodegenerative disorders. PUFA-derived SPM are biosynthesized in response to chemicals produced from acute inflammatory responses. Preclinical studies from both AD and PD models suggest a dysregulation of SPM and their receptors in neurological disorders. Decreased SPM may be due to inadequate substrate, an imbalance between SPM and pro-inflammatory mediators or a disruption in SPM synthesis. SPMs hold great promise for neuroprotection in AD by altering expression of pro-inflammatory genes, modulating macrophage function, serving as a biomarker for AD status, and promoting resolution of neuroinflammation. In PD, data suggest SPM are able to cross the blood-brain barrier, inhibit microglial activation and decrease induced markers of inflammation, possibly as a result of their ability to downregulate NFκB signaling pathways. Several in vivo and in vitro studies suggest a benefit from administration of SPMs in both neurodegenerative disorders. However, extrapolation of these outcomes to humans is difficult as no models are able to replicate all features of AD or PD. Minimal data evaluating these PUFA-derived metabolites in humans with neurodegenerative disorders are available and a gap in knowledge exists regarding behavior of SPM and their receptors in patients with these conditions. There is also large gap in our knowledge regarding which lipid mediator would be most effective in which model of AD or PD and how dietary intake or supplementation can impact SPM levels. Future direction should include focused, translational efforts to investigate SPM as an add-on (in addition to standard treatment) or as standalone agents in patients with neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ponce
- Division of Medical Nutrition Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Jana Ponce,
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Corrine Hanson
- Division of Medical Nutrition Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Erin Cameron-Smith
- Department of Neurological Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - John Bertoni
- Department of Neurological Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Jenna Wuebker
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Nutrition Care, Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Alfred Fisher
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Ka-Chun Siu
- Division of Medical Nutrition Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Vivien Marmelat
- Department of Biomechanics, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska - Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Jiri Adamec
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Danish Bhatti
- Department of Neurological Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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In Vitro Methodologies to Study the Role of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) in Neurodegeneration. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020363. [PMID: 35057544 PMCID: PMC8777776 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be present in food or be endogenously produced in biological systems. Their formation has been associated with chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The implication of AGEs in neurodegeneration is related to their ability to bind to AGE-specific receptors and the ability of their precursors to induce the so-called “dicarbonyl stress”, resulting in cross-linking and protein damage. However, the mode of action underlying their role in neurodegeneration remains unclear. While some research has been carried out in observational clinical studies, further in vitro studies may help elucidate these underlying modes of action. This review presents and discusses in vitro methodologies used in research on the potential role of AGEs in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The overview reveals the main concepts linking AGEs to neurodegeneration, the current findings, and the available and advisable in vitro models to study their role. Moreover, the major questions regarding the role of AGEs in neurodegenerative diseases and the challenges and discrepancies in the research field are discussed.
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Zhang PF, Hu H, Tan L, Yu JT. Microglia Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3388-3404. [PMID: 33713018 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Early detection and clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have become an extremely important link in the prevention and treatment of AD. Because of the occult onset, the diagnosis and treatment of AD based on clinical symptoms are increasingly challenged by current severe situations. Therefore, molecular diagnosis models based on early AD pathological markers have received more attention. Among the possible pathological mechanisms, microglia which are necessary for normal brain function are highly expected and have been continuously studied in various models. Several AD biomarkers already exist, but currently there is a paucity of specific and sensitive microglia biomarkers which can accurately measure preclinical AD. Bringing microglia biomarkers into the molecular diagnostic system which is based on fluid and neuroimaging will play an important role in future scientific research and clinical practice. Furthermore, developing novel, more specific, and sensitive microglia biomarkers will make it possible to pharmaceutically target chemical pathways that preserve beneficial microglial functions in response to AD pathology. This review discusses microglia biomarkers in the context of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Ran D, Hong W, Yan W, Mengdie W. Properties and molecular mechanisms underlying geniposide-mediated therapeutic effects in chronic inflammatory diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 273:113958. [PMID: 33639206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Geniposide (GE) is ubiquitous in nearly 40 species of plants, among which Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis has the highest content, and has been used ethnopharmacologically to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis has a long history of usage in detumescence and sedation, liver protection and cholestasis, hypotension and hemostasis. It is commonly used in the treatment of diabetes, hypertension, jaundice hepatitis, sprain and contusion. As a type of iridoid glycosides extracted from Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis, GE has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesic, anti-oxidative, etc. AIM OF THE REVIEW: In this article, we reviewed the sources, traditional usage, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and therapeutic effect of GE on chronic inflammatory diseases, and discussed its potential regulatory mechanisms and clinical application. RESULTS GE is a common iridoid glycoside in medicinal plants, which has strong activity in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. A large number of in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that GE has certain therapeutic value for a variety of chronic inflammation disease. Its mechanism of function is mainly based on its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, neuroprotective properties, as well as regulation of apoptotsis. GE plays a role in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, realizing the dynamic balance of pro/anti-inflammatory factors, improving the state of oxidative stress, and restoring abnormally expressed inflammation-related pathways. CONCLUSION According to its extensive pharmacological effects, GE is a promising drug for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Ran
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Wu Hong
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Wang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Wang Mengdie
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
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Qiao O, Ji H, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Liu N, Huang L, Liu C, Gao W. New insights in drug development for Alzheimer's disease based on microglia function. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111703. [PMID: 34083109 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in drug development for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is how to effectively remove deposits of amyloid-beta (Aβ). Recently, the relationship between microglia and Aβ has become a research hotspot. Emerging evidence suggests that Aβ-induced microglia-mediated neuroinflammation further aggravates the decline of cognitive function, while microglia are also involved in the process of Aβ clearance. Hence, microglia have become a potential therapeutic target for the treatment or prevention of AD. An in-depth understanding of the role played by microglia in the development of AD will help us to broaden therapeutic strategies for AD. In this review, we provide an overview of the dual roles of microglia in AD progression: the positive effect of phagocytosis of Aβ and its negative effect on neuroinflammation after over-activation. With the advantages of novel structure, high efficiency, and low toxicity, small-molecule compounds as modulators of microglial function have attracted considerable attention in the therapeutic areas of AD. In this review, we also summarize the therapeutic potential of small molecule compounds (SMCs) and their structure-activity relationship for AD treatment through modulating microglial phagocytosis and inhibiting neuroinflammation. For example, the position and number of phenolic hydroxyl groups on the B ring are the key to the activity of flavonoids, and the substitution of hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring enhances the anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic acids. This review is expected to be useful for developing effective modulators of microglial function from SMCs for the amelioration and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou Qiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haixia Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xueqian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Na Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- The State Key Laboratories of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Peng Y, Chu S, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Pang Z, Chen N. Neuroinflammatory In Vitro Cell Culture Models and the Potential Applications for Neurological Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:671734. [PMID: 33967814 PMCID: PMC8103160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.671734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cultures are used in pharmaceutical, medical and biological sciences. Due to the ethical and cost limitations of in vivo models, the replaceable cell model that is more closely related to the characteristics of organisms, which has broad prospects and can be used for high-throughput drug screening is urgent. Neuronal and glial cell models have been widely used in the researches of neurological disorders. And the current researches on neuroinflammation contributes to blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. In this review, we describe the features of healthy and inflamed BBB and summarize the main immortalized cell lines of the central nervous system (PC12, SH-SY5Y, BV2, HA, and HBMEC et al.) and their use in the anti-inflammatory potential of neurological disorders. Especially, different co-culture models of neuroinflammatory, in association with immune cells in both 2D and 3D models are discussed in this review. In summary, 2D co-culture is easily practicable and economical but cannot fully reproduce the microenvironment in vivo. While 3D models called organs-on-chips or biochips are the most recent and very promising approach, which made possible by bioengineering and biotechnological improvements and more accurately mimic the BBB microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yantao Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zongran Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Naihong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Alzheimer's Disease and Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators: Do MaR1, RvD1, and NPD1 Show Promise for Prevention and Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165783. [PMID: 32806612 PMCID: PMC7460933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease and a major contributor to progressive cognitive impairment in an aging society. As the pathophysiology of AD involves chronic neuroinflammation, the resolution of inflammation and the group of lipid mediators that actively regulate it-i.e., specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs)-attracted attention in recent years as therapeutic targets. This review focuses on the following three specific SPMs and summarizes their relationships to AD, as they were shown to effectively address and reduce the risk of AD-related neuroinflammation: maresin 1 (MaR1), resolvin D1 (RvD1), and neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1). These three SPMs are metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is contained in fish oils and is thus easily available to the public. They are expected to become incorporated into promising avenues for preventing and treating AD in the future.
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Cui W, Sun C, Ma Y, Wang S, Wang X, Zhang Y. Neuroprotective effect of tormentic acid against memory impairment and neuro‑inflammation in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:739-750. [PMID: 32468017 PMCID: PMC7339752 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment and neuro-inflammatory responses are the distinctive characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tormentic acid (TA) is one of the major active components of Potentilla chinensis and has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential effects of TA on neuro-inflammatory responses and memory impairment in AD remain unknown. The present study investigated the therapeutic effect of TA on neuro-inflammation, as well as learning and memory impairment in AD mice. In addition, the effects of TA treatment were also examined in a co-culture system of microglia and primary neurons. Intraperitoneal administration of TA attenuated memory deficits in amyloid β precursor protein/presenilin 1 transgenic mice, with a marked decrease in amyloid plaque deposition. TA also reduced microglial activation and decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors in AD mice. Furthermore, pre-treatment with TA suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory markers, as well as the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 induced by Aβ exposure in BV2 cells. TA also reduced inhibited neurotoxicity and improved neuron survival in a neuron-microglia co-culture system. Taken together, these findings suggested that TA could attenuate neuro-inflammation and memory impairment, which may be closely associated with regulation of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Songtao Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
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