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Understanding Cognitive Deficits in People with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020307. [PMID: 36836541 PMCID: PMC9966537 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the main cardiovascular diseases that can cause disability and death across the globe. Although previous research explored the links between CHD and cognitive deficits, only a subset of cognitive abilities was analyzed and a small clinical sample size was used. Thus, the aim of the current study is to assess how CHD can affect the cognitive domains of episodic memory, semantic verbal fluency, fluid reasoning, and numerical ability in a large cohort of participants from the United Kingdom. Results revealed that episodic memory, semantic verbal fluency, fluid reasoning, and numerical ability are negatively affected by CHD. Prevention and intervention should be developed to preserve cognitive abilities in people with CHD, but more studies should explore specific ways of doing so.
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Zhang L, Shu Y, Han C, Liu J. Correlation Between Family Functioning and Health Beliefs in Patients with Stroke in Beijing, China. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1067-1074. [PMID: 37096237 PMCID: PMC10122470 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s394396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between family functioning and health beliefs in patients with stroke. Methods A total of 253 patients with stroke were selected from Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2021 to November 2021. All patients were of Chinese nationality, and 240 valid questionnaires were obtained. The Family Assessment Device and Champion's Health Belief Model Scale were used to collect patients' family functioning and health beliefs information, and correlation analysis was used to analyse it. Results The total score for family functioning in patients with stroke was 130.5 (22). The highest mean score was 2.46 for behaviour control, and the lowest score was 2.00 for total function. The items were ranked from high to low in this order: behaviour control, emotional response, role, communication, emotional intervention, problem solving and total function. The total score of the patients' health beliefs was 116 (33), The items were ranked from high to low in this order: were self-efficacy, health motivation, perceived benefit, susceptibility, severity and perceived impairment. The scores for family functioning were negatively correlated with the total scores for health beliefs (P < 0.05). Discussion Stroke can reduce the self-care ability of the patients and aggravate the burden of family care. This can lead to abnormal function roles for patients and their families, emotional reactions in patients with stroke and weaker levels of family functioning. Conclusion The health beliefs scores of patients with stroke were at the middle level, and family functioning was at the general level. There was a negative correlation between the family functioning score and the total score for health beliefs in patients with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - YaoYa Shu
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunjie Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jihong Liu, Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 82 of Xin Hua South Road, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 10-69543901-1041, Fax +86 10 69531069, Email
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Gong J, Harris K, Tzourio C, Harrap S, Naismith S, Anderson CS, Chalmers J, Woodward M. Sex differences in predictors for cognitive decline and dementia in people with stroke or transient ischemic attack in the PROGRESS trial. Int J Stroke 2021; 17:17474930211059298. [PMID: 34791978 DOI: 10.1177/17474930211059298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke and transient ischemic attack confer greater risk of cognitive decline and dementia. AIMS We used data from the Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study (PROGRESS), a blood pressure-lowering randomized controlled trial in stroke/transient ischemic attack. We evaluated overall and sex-specific differences in treatment effects for cognitive decline/dementia, as well as associations with vascular and stroke-specific predictors,considering death as a competing risk. METHODS Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate overall and sex-specific odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence intervals (CI)) for treatment effects and predictors associated with the risk of cognitive decline/dementia, and the women-to-men ratio of odds ratio (RORs). RESULTS Over a median four years, 763 cognitive decline/dementia (30.9% women) were recorded in 5888 participants. Women had lower odds of cognitive decline/dementia than men (OR 0.78, 95%CI 0.63-0.95). Active treatment was associated with lower odds of cognitive decline/dementia (0.84, 0.72-0.98), with no evidence of sex difference. Higher education (0.96,0.94-0.98 (per year)) and baseline Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) were associated with lower odds of cognitive decline/dementia (0.84,0.82-0.86 (per point higher)). Higher diastolic blood pressure (1.11,1.02-1.20 (per 10 mmHg)), low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (1.27,1.03-1.58), and peripheral arterial disease (1.78,1.26-2.52) were associated with higher odds of cognitive decline/dementia. APOE ɛ4 was not associated with cognitive decline/dementia (1.05 (0.85-1.30)). Low eGFR was more strongly associated with cognitive decline/dementia in women than men (RORs, 1.60 (1.03-2.48)). Diabetes was more strongly associated with men than women. CONCLUSIONS Several risk factors were associated with cognitive decline/dementia in people with prior stroke/transient ischemic attack, with notable sex differences. Long-term cognitive sequelae of stroke should be considered to strengthen joint prevention strategies for stroke, cognitive decline, and dementia.Trial Registration: This trial was not registered because enrolment began before 1 July 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gong
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katie Harris
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux University, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
- Hospital Center Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stephen Harrap
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharon Naismith
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Craig S Anderson
- George Institute China, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Neurology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Health Partners, Sydney, Australia
- Heart Health Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - John Chalmers
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Woodward
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Chu SA, Chen TY, Chen PY, Tzeng WJ, Liang CL, Lu K, Chen HJ, Wu CC, Chen JH, Tsai CC, Wang HK. Acupuncture May Decrease the Incidence of Post-stroke Dementia: A Taiwan Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:657048. [PMID: 34093405 PMCID: PMC8176024 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.657048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Post-stroke dementia may affect up to one-third of stroke survivors. Acupuncture as a complementary treatment for stroke has been shown to be beneficial for subsequent post-stroke rehabilitation. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the potential effect of acupuncture to protect stroke patients from dementia. Methods: We included 9,547 patients receiving ambulatory or hospital care for stroke and 9.547 non-stroke patients; patients were matched for sex, age, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Each individual was traced for the subsequent development of dementia. Two thousand four hundred and forty-nine stroke patients received acupuncture treatment and 7,098 residue stroke patients without acupuncture treatment served as control groups. This is a 3-year follow-up cohorts study: the incidence and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of post- stroke dementia in the Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: During the 3-year follow-up, 1,403 patients with stroke (14.70%) and 427 patients without stroke (4.47%) developed dementia. The adjusted HRs of development of dementia among stroke patients were 3.64-times (range, 3.27–4.06), and the incidence of dementia was higher in male. Stroke patients receiving acupuncture treatment had a lower probability of dementia than those without acupuncture during the follow-up period, the adjusted HRs was 0.49 (95% CI, 0.42–0.58; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The association between stroke and dementia existed in both sexes, more prominent in male. Patients with stroke receiving acupuncture treatments showed decreased risk of dementia. Care must be taken evaluating these results because this study was limited to lack of information regarding lifestyles, stroke severities, and acupuncture methods that were used in treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ang Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jie Tzeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Loong Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kang Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Han-Jung Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Han Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of General Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Tsai
- Chinese Medicine Department, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureates, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Kuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Liang X, Huang Y, Han X. Associations between coronary heart disease and risk of cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e02108. [PMID: 33742562 PMCID: PMC8119850 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated that coronary heart disease (CHD) is a high risk factor for cognitive impairment, whereas other studies showed that there was no association between cognitive impairment and CHD. The relationship between CHD and cognitive impairment is still unclear based on these conflicting results. Thus, it is of importance to evaluate the association between CHD and cognitive impairment. The present study made a meta-analysis to explore the association between CHD and risk of cognitive impairment. METHODS Articles exploring the association between CHD and cognitive impairment and published before November 2020 were searched in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. We used STATA 12.0 software to compute the relative risks (RRs), odds ratios (ORs), or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The meta-analysis showed a positive association between CHD and risk of all-cause cognitive impairment with a random effects model (RR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.36, I2 = 82.8%, p < .001). Additionally, the study showed a positive association between myocardial infraction (MI) and risk of all-cause cognitive impairment with a random effects model (RR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.84, I2 = 76.0%, p < .001). However, no significant association was detected between angina pectoris (AP) and risk of all-cause cognitive impairment with a random effects model (RR = 1.23, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.58, I2 = 79.1%, p < .001). Subgroup studies also showed that CHD patients are at higher risk for vascular dementia (VD), but not Alzheimer's disease (AD) (VD: RR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.28-1.39; AD: RR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.92-1.07). CONCLUSION In a word, CHD was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liang
- Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Yilin Huang
- Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Xu Han
- Affiliated of Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
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