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Chen Y, Wang Y, Tao Q, Lu P, Meng F, Zhuang L, Qiao S, Zhang Y, Luo B, Liu Y, Peng G. Diagnostic value of isolated plasma biomarkers and its combination in neurodegenerative dementias: A multicenter cohort study. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 558:118784. [PMID: 38588788 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.118784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma amyloid-β (Aβ), phosphorylated tau-181 (p-tau181), neurofilament light (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) potentially aid in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementias. We aim to conduct a comprehensive comparison between different biomarkers and their combination, which is lacking, in a multicenter Chinese dementia cohort consisting of Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). METHODS We enrolled 92 demented patients [64 AD, 16 FTD, and 12 PSP with dementia] and 20 healthy controls (HC). Their plasma Αβ, p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP were detected by highly sensitive-single molecule immunoassays. Αβ pathology in patients was measured by cerebrospinal fluid or/and amyloid positron emission tomography. RESULTS All plasma biomarkers tested were significantly altered in dementia patients compared with HC, especially Aβ42/Aβ40 and NfL showed significant performance in distinguishing AD from HC. A combination of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP could discriminate FTD or PSP well from HC and was able to distinguish AD and non-AD (FTD/PSP). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed the diagnostic performance of individual plasma biomarkers Aβ42/Aβ40, p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP in Chinese dementia patients and noted that a combination of these biomarkers may be more accurate in identifying FTD/PSP patients and distinguishing AD from non-AD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Qingqing Tao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peilin Lu
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanxia Meng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liying Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Qiao
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benyan Luo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, KirrbergerstraBe Geb., 90D-66421 Homburg/Sarr, German.
| | - Guoping Peng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Evans SA, Paitel ER, Bhasin R, Nielson KA. Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease Alters Perceived Executive Dysfunction in Cognitively Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Adults. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:267-279. [PMID: 38405345 PMCID: PMC10894609 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) may be an early indicator of future cognitive decline. However, findings comparing SCC and objective cognitive performance have varied, particularly in the memory domain. Even less well established is the relationship between subjective and objective complaints in non-amnestic domains, such as in executive functioning, despite evidence indicating very early changes in these domains. Moreover, particularly early changes in both amnestic and non-amnestic domains are apparent in those carrying the Apolipoprotein-E ɛ4 allele, a primary genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective This study investigated the role of the ɛ4 allele in the consistency between subjective and objective executive functioning in 54 healthy, cognitively intact, middle-aged and older adults. Methods Participants (Mage = 64.07, SD = 9.27, range = 48-84; ɛ4+ = 18) completed the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe) Executive Dysfunction Scale (EXECDYS) to measure subjective executive functioning (SEF) and multiple executive functioning tasks, which were condensed into a single factor. Results After accounting for age, depression, and anxiety, objective executive functioning performance significantly predicted SEF. Importantly, ɛ4 moderated this effect. Specifically, those carrying the ɛ4 allele had significantly less accurate self-awareness of their executive functioning compared to ɛ4 non-carriers. Conclusions Utilizing an approach that integrates self-evaluation of executive functioning with objective neurocognitive assessment may help identify the earliest signs of impending cognitive decline, particularly in those with genetic risk for AD. Such an approach could sensitively determine those most prone to future cognitive decline prior to symptom onset, when interventions could be most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Evans
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Riya Bhasin
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Frase L, Feige B, Gioia I, Loeck VK, Domschke K, Dressle RJ, Kilian H, Spiegelhalder K, Schläpfer T, Riemann D. No alterations in potential indirect markers of locus coeruleus-norepinephrine function in insomnia disorder. J Sleep Res 2023:e13872. [PMID: 36889676 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The norepinephrine locus coeruleus system (LC NE) represents a promising treatment target in patients with insomnia disorder (ID) due to its well understood links to arousal and sleep regulation. However, consistent markers of LC NE activity are lacking. This study measured three potential indirect markers of LC NE activity - REM sleep, P3 amplitude during an auditory oddball paradigm (as a marker of phasic LC activation), and baseline pupil diameter (as a marker of tonic LC activation). The parameters were then combined in a statistical model and tested to compare LC NE activity between 20 subjects with insomnia disorder (13 female; age 44.2 ± 15.1 year) and 20 healthy, good sleeping controls (GSC; 11 female; age 45.4 ± 11.6 year). No group differences regarding the primary outcome parameters were detected. Specifically, insomnia disorder did not display the hypothesised changes in markers of LC NE function. While increased LC NE function remains an interesting speculative pathway for hyperarousal in insomnia disorder, the investigated markers do not appear closely related to each other and fail to discriminate between insomnia disorder and good sleeping controls in these samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Frase
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - Bernd Feige
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - Isabella Gioia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - Viveka K Loeck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany.,Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Raphael J Dressle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - Hannah Kilian
- Division for Interventional Biological Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - Thomas Schläpfer
- Division for Interventional Biological Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
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Age-related no-go P300 amplitudes are moderated by exposure to early-life stress. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 180:1-9. [PMID: 35820509 PMCID: PMC9815473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in inhibitory control are common with advancing age and may underlie declines in other complex cognitive functions. The inhibitory P300 event-related potential (ERP) generally decreases in amplitude with age, reflecting deficits in inhibitory performance evaluation and adaptation, with possible generators including precentral and inferior frontal gyri and midcingulate and parietal cortex. Exposure to early-life stress (ELS) is also associated with deficits in inhibitory control, smaller P300 amplitudes, and dysfunction in regions associated with P300 generation. Although biopsychosocial effects of ELS are evident in older adulthood, the influence of ELS on neural processes in later life is unknown. In the current study, 13 young adults and 21 healthy older adults completed a high-accuracy go/no-go task and the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ), an indicator of ELS. Regression analyses revealed significant central-parietal models, with smaller P300 amplitudes predicted by both older age and greater exposure to ELS. Age group*ELS interactions moderated P300 prediction at central and centro-parietal electrodes, such that older age predicted smaller P300 amplitudes only in those with lower to moderate ELS. Amplitudes did not significantly differ by age in those with higher ELS. Post-hoc within-age group correlations showed that greater ELS was associated with smaller P300 amplitudes in young adults. However, greater ELS was modestly associated with larger central amplitudes in older adults, potentially suggestive of anterior age-related compensatory recruitment to maintain high task performance. These findings suggest long-lasting neural implications of ELS that interact with normative neuro-cognitive aging processes, such that ELS may be an important risk factor for age-related cognitive decline.
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An S, Oh SJ, Jun SB, Sung JE. Aging-Related Dissociation of Spatial and Temporal N400 in Sentence-Level Semantic Processing: Evidence From Source Analyses. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:877235. [PMID: 35754967 PMCID: PMC9226558 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.877235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related differences in sentence-level lexical-semantic processes have been extensively studied, based on the N400 component of event-related potential (ERP). However, there is still a lack of understanding in this regard at the brain-region level. This study explores aging effects on sentence-level semantic processing by comparing the characteristics of the N400 ERP component and brain engagement patterns within individual N400 time windows for two age groups (16 younger adults aged 24.38 ± 3.88 years and 15 older adults aged 67.00 ± 5.04 years) during sentence processing with different plausibility conditions. Our results demonstrated that the N400 effect according to the plausibility condition occurred in different temporal windows in the two age groups, with a delay in the older group. Moreover, it was identified that there was a distinct difference between the groups in terms of the source location of the condition-dependent N400 effect even though no significant difference was derived in its magnitude itself at the sensor-level. Interestingly, the source analysis results indicated that the two groups involved different functional networks to resolve the same semantic violations: the younger group activated the regions corresponding to the typical lexical-semantic network more, whereas the older group recruited the regions belonging to the multiple-demand network more. The findings of this study could be used as a basis for understanding the aging brain in a linguistic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora An
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Jin Oh
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Beom Jun
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Graduate Program in Smart Factory, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Eun Sung
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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Jayasinghe SAL, Scheidt RA, Sainburg RL. Neural Control of Stopping and Stabilizing the Arm. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:835852. [PMID: 35264934 PMCID: PMC8899537 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.835852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stopping is a crucial yet under-studied action for planning and producing meaningful and efficient movements. In this review, we discuss classical human psychophysics studies as well as those using engineered systems that aim to develop models of motor control of the upper limb. We present evidence for a hybrid model of motor control, which has an evolutionary advantage due to division of labor between cerebral hemispheres. Stopping is a fundamental aspect of movement that deserves more attention in research than it currently receives. Such research may provide a basis for understanding arm stabilization deficits that can occur following central nervous system (CNS) damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanie A. L. Jayasinghe
- Department of Neurology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Robert A. Scheidt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Robert L. Sainburg
- Department of Neurology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
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Paitel ER, Nielson KA. Temporal Dynamics of Event-Related Potentials during Inhibitory Control Characterize Age-Related Neural Compensation. Symmetry (Basel) 2021; 13. [PMID: 35923222 PMCID: PMC9345327 DOI: 10.3390/sym13122323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by frontal lobe and non-dominant hemisphere recruitment that supports executive functioning, such as inhibitory control, which is crucial to all cognitive functions. However, the spatio-temporal sequence of processing underlying successful inhibition and how it changes with age is understudied. Thus, we capitalized on the temporal precision of event-related potentials (ERPs) to assess the functional lateralization of N200 (conflict monitoring) and P300 (inhibitory performance evaluation) in young and healthy older adults during comparably performed successful stop-signal inhibition. We additionally used temporal principal components analysis (PCA) to further interrogate the continuous spatio-temporal dynamics underlying N200 and P300 activation for each group. Young adults demonstrated left hemisphere-dominant N200, while older adults demonstrated overall larger amplitudes and right hemisphere dominance. N200 activation was explained by a single PCA factor in both age groups, but with a more anterior scalp distribution in older adults. The P300 amplitudes were larger in the right hemisphere in young, but bilateral in old, with old larger than young in the left hemisphere. P300 was also explained by a single factor in young adults but by two factors in older adults, including distinct parieto-occipital and anterior activation. These findings highlight the differential functional asymmetries of conflict monitoring (N200) and inhibitory evaluation and adaptation (P300) processes and further illuminate unique age-related spatio-temporal recruitment patterns. Older adults demonstrated lateralized recruitment during conflict processing and bilateral recruitment during evaluation and adaptation, with anterior recruitment common to both processes. These fine-grained analyses are critically important for more precise understanding of age-related compensatory activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristy A. Nielson
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- Department of Neurology and the Center for Imaging Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA
- Correspondence:
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