Ahmedy OA, Abdelghany TM, El-Shamarka MEA, Khattab MA, El-Tanbouly DM. Apigenin attenuates LPS-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment in mice via promoting mitochondrial fusion/mitophagy: role of SIRT3/PINK1/Parkin pathway.
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022;
239:3903-3917. [PMID:
36287214 PMCID:
PMC9671996 DOI:
10.1007/s00213-022-06262-x]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE
Alteration of the NAD+ metabolic pathway is proposed to be implicated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neurotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Apigenin, a naturally-occurring flavonoid, has been reported to maintain NAD+ levels and to preserve various metabolic functions.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to explore the effect of apigenin on mitochondrial SIRT3 activity as a mediator through which it could modulate mitochondrial quality control and to protect against intracerebrovascular ICV/LPS-induced neurotoxicity.
METHODS
Mice received apigenin (40 mg/kg; p.o) for 7 consecutive days. One hour after the last dose, LPS (12 µg/kg, icv) was administered.
RESULTS
Apigenin robustly guarded against neuronal degenerative changes and maintained a normal count of intact neurons in mice hippocampi. Consequently, it inhibited the deleterious effect of LPS on cognitive functions. Apigenin was effective in preserving the NAD+/NADH ratio to boost mitochondrial sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), activity, and ATP production. It conserved normal mitochondrial features via induction of the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), along with mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and the fusion proteins, mitofusin 2 (MFN2), and optic atrophy-1 (OPA1). Furthermore, it increased phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and parkin expression as well as the microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II/I ratio (LC3II/I) to induce degradation of unhealthy mitochondria via mitophagy.
CONCLUSIONS
These observations reveal the marked neuroprotective potential of apigenin against LPS-induced neurotoxicity through inhibition of NAD+ depletion and activation of SIRT3 to maintain adequate mitochondrial homeostasis and function.
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