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Qiu Y, Huang S, Zhu M. The molecular targets of Kangai injection in gastric cancer by in silico network pharmacology approach and experiment confirmation. J Appl Biomed 2023; 21:150-159. [PMID: 37747314 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2023.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents that could target gastric cancer in Kangai injection using a network pharmacology-based approach. METHODS Protein-protein interactions (PPI), Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were conducted utilizing String and OmicShare tools. In the in vitro experiments, the related mRNA and protein levels were assessed via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Cell proliferation was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS Kangai injection comprises several compounds, which target multiple substrates and pathways related to gastric cancer. The PPI and Gene Ontology analyses revealed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was a hub gene. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the the TNF pathway was significantly enriched. Kangai injection decreased the mRNA levels of TNFR2, TRAF2, PI3K, AKT, and IκBα and inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and IκBα phosphorylations. Kangai injection inhibited cell proliferation, while TNFR2 overexpression or treatment with the PI3K activator 740 Y-P partially restored it. CONCLUSION Kangai injection operates through multiple targets and pathways in gastric cancer, with the TNFR2/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway playing a crucial role in its mechanism against gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Qiu
- ShangRao People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, ShangRao, Jiangxi 334000, China
| | - Sujun Huang
- ShangRao People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, ShangRao, Jiangxi 334000, China
| | - Minfang Zhu
- ShangRao People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, ShangRao, Jiangxi 334000, China
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Abdelkawy AM, Alshammari SO, Hussein HAA, Abou El-Enain IMM, Abdelkhalek ES, Radwan AM, Kenawy SKM, Maaty DAM, Abed NN, Sabry S, Mohsen A. Effect of silver nanoparticles on tropane alkaloid production of transgenic hairy root cultures of Hyoscyamus muticus L. and their antimicrobial activity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10397. [PMID: 37369701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of nanotechnology and biotechnology for enhancing the synthesis of plant bioactive chemicals is becoming increasingly common. The hairy root culture technique can be used to increase secondary metabolites such as tropane alkaloids. Agrobacterium was used to induce hairy roots from various explants of Hyoscyamus muticus. The effect of nano-silver particles (AgNPs) at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L on tropane alkaloids synthesis, particularly hyoscyamine and scopolamine, was studied in transgenic hairy root cultures. Different types of explants obtained from 10-day-old seedlings of H. muticus were inoculated with two strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (15,834 and A4). The antimicrobial activity of an ethanolic extract of AgNPs-induced hairy root cultures of H. muticus was tested. The frequency of hairy roots was higher in hypocotyl, root, leaf, and stem explants treated with A. rhizogenes strain A4 compared to those treated with strain 15,834. In transgenic hairy root cultures, AgNPs application at a concentration of 100 mg/L resulted in the highest total tropane alkaloid production, which exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The study demonstrated the potential of nano-silver as an elicitor for promoting the production of target alkaloids in Hyoscyamus muticus hairy root cultures, which exhibit high biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha M Abdelkawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shifaa O Alshammari
- Biology Department, College of Science, University of Hafr Al-Batin, 31991, Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebat-Allah A Hussein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biology Department, University College of Nairiyah, University of Hafr Al-Batin, 31991, Nairiyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Inas M M Abou El-Enain
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman S Abdelkhalek
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Radwan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sahar K M Kenawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa A M Maaty
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermine N Abed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shadia Sabry
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Mohsen
- Biology Department, Al Darp University College, Jazan University, Gazan, Saudi Arabia
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Thapa A, Kaushik R, Arora S, Jaglan S, Jaswal V, Yadav VK, Singh M, Bains A, Chawla P, Khan A, Fogarasi M, Fogarasi S. Biological Activity of Picrorhiza kurroa: A Source of Potential Antimicrobial Compounds against Yersinia enterocolitica. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214090. [PMID: 36430568 PMCID: PMC9694339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Yersiniosis, caused by Yersinia enterocolitica, is the third most rampant zoonotic disease in Europe; the pathogen shows high antibiotic resistance. Herbs have multiple anti-microbial components that reduce microorganism resistance. Therefore, an extract of Picrorhiza kurroa (P. kurroa) was evaluated for potential antimicrobial activity. We report that the ethanolic extract of P. kurroa showed effective antimicrobial activity (zone of inhibition: 29.8 mm, Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC): 2.45 mg/mL, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC): 2.4 mg/mL) against Yersinia enterocolitica. Potential bioactive compounds from P. kurroa were identified using LC-MS, namely, cerberidol, annonidine A, benzyl formate, picroside-1, and furcatoside A. P. kurroa showed effective antimicrobial potential in skim milk at different pH, acidity, and water activity levels. P. kurroa affected the physiology of Yersinia enterocolitica and reduced the number of live cells. Yersinia enterocolitica, when incubated with P. kurroa extract, showed lower toxin production. Picroside-1 was isolated and showed higher antimicrobial potential in comparison to the standard antibiotic. Picroside-1 lysed the Yersinia enterocolitica cells, as observed under scanning electron microscopy. Docking revealed that picroside-1 (ligand) showed both hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions with the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) protein of Yersinia enterocolitica and that DHFR is a possible drug target. The high activity and natural origin of Picroside-1 justify its potential as a possible drug candidate for Yersinia enterocolitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Thapa
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Kaushik
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India
- Correspondence: (R.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Smriti Arora
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Varun Jaswal
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Biosciences, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University of Sciences and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Sikar 332211, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manjeet Singh
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Azhar Khan
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Melinda Fogarasi
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăstur 3–5, RO-400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Szabolcs Fogarasi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, RO-400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University, 42 Treboniu Laurian Street, RO-400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.K.); (S.F.)
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Advances in Plant Metabolomics and Its Applications in Stress and Single-Cell Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136985. [PMID: 35805979 PMCID: PMC9266571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, the post-genomic era envisaged high-throughput technologies, resulting in more species with available genome sequences. In-depth multi-omics approaches have evolved to integrate cellular processes at various levels into a systems biology knowledge base. Metabolomics plays a crucial role in molecular networking to bridge the gaps between genotypes and phenotypes. However, the greater complexity of metabolites with diverse chemical and physical properties has limited the advances in plant metabolomics. For several years, applications of liquid/gas chromatography (LC/GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been constantly developed. Recently, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)-MS has shown utility in resolving isomeric and isobaric metabolites. Both MS and NMR combined metabolomics significantly increased the identification and quantification of metabolites in an untargeted and targeted manner. Thus, hyphenated metabolomics tools will narrow the gap between the number of metabolite features and the identified metabolites. Metabolites change in response to environmental conditions, including biotic and abiotic stress factors. The spatial distribution of metabolites across different organs, tissues, cells and cellular compartments is a trending research area in metabolomics. Herein, we review recent technological advancements in metabolomics and their applications in understanding plant stress biology and different levels of spatial organization. In addition, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in multiple stress interactions, multi-omics, and single-cell metabolomics.
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