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Zhao Y, Sun T, Li Y, Yang Z, Chen J, Wang J, Yu X, Tang X, Xiao H. The host sex contributes to the endophytic bacterial community in Sargassum thunbergii and their receptacles. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1334918. [PMID: 38559345 PMCID: PMC10978810 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1334918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria have a complex coevolutionary relationship with their host macroalgae. Dioecious macroalgae are important producers in marine ecosystems, but there is still a lack of research on how sex influences their endophytic bacteria. In this study, the endophytic bacterial communities in male and female S. thunbergii and their reproductive tissues (receptacles) were compared using culture methods and high-throughput sequencing. The endophytic bacterial communities detected by the two methods were different. Among the 78 isolated strains, the dominant phylum, genus, and species were Bacillota, Alkalihalobacillus, and Alkalihalobacillus algicola, respectively, in the algal bodies, while in the receptacles, they were Bacillota, Vibrio, and Vibrio alginolyticus. However, 24 phyla and 349 genera of endophytic bacteria were identified by high-throughput sequencing, and the dominant phylum and genus were Pseudomonadota and Sva0996_ Marine_ Group, respectively, in both the algal body and the receptacles. The two methods showed similar compositions of endophytic bacterial communities between the samples of different sexes, but the relative abundances of dominant and specific taxa were different. The high-throughput sequencing results showed more clearly that the sex of the host alga had an effect on its endophyte community assembly and a greater effect on the endophytic bacterial community in the receptacles. Moreover, most specific bacteria and predicted functional genes that differed between the samples from the males and females were related to metabolism, suggesting that metabolic differences are the main causes of sex differences in the endophytic bacterial community. Our research is the first to show that host sex contributes to the composition of endophytic bacterial communities in dioecious marine macroalgae. The results enrich the database of endophytic bacteria of dioecious marine macroalgae and pave the way for better understanding the assembly mechanism of the endophytic bacterial community of algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Zhao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Sun
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Branch CCCC Water Transportation Consultants Co.,LTD, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Marine Forecast and Hazard Mitigation Service, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhibo Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinlong Yu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
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Liu S, Gao J, Wang S, Li W, Wang A. Community differentiation of rhizosphere microorganisms and their responses to environmental factors at different development stages of medicinal plant Glehnia littoralis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14988. [PMID: 36908810 PMCID: PMC9997192 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizosphere microorganisms play a key role in affecting plant quality and productivity through its interaction with plant root system. To figure out the bottleneck of the decline of yield and quality in the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs Glehnia littoralis they now encounter, it is important to study the dynamics of rhizosphere microbiota during the cultivation of G. littoralis. In the present study, the composition, diversity and function of rhizosphere microbes at different development stages of G. littoralis, as well as the correlation between rhizosphere microbes and environmental factors were systematically studied by high-throughput sequencing. There were significant differences between the rhizosphere microbes at early and middle-late development stages. More beneficial bacteria, such as Proteobacteria, and more symbiotic and saprophytic fungi were observed at the middle-late development stage of G. littoralis, while beneficial bacteria such as Actinobacteria and polytrophic transitional fungi were abundant at all development stages. The results of redundancy analysis show that eight environmental factors drive the changes of microflora at different development stages. pH, soil organic matter (SOM) and available phosphorus (AP) had important positive effects on the bacterial and fungal communities at the early development stage; saccharase (SC) and nitrate nitrogen (NN) showed significant positive effects on the bacterial and fungal communities at the middle and late stages; while urease (UE), available potassium (AK), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) have different effects on bacterial and fungal communities at different development stages. Random forest analysis identified 47 bacterial markers and 22 fungal markers that could be used to distinguish G. littoralis at different development stages. Network analysis showed that the rhizosphere microbes formed a complex mutualistic symbiosis network, which is beneficial to the growth and development of G. littoralis. These results suggest that host development stage and environmental factors have profound influence on the composition, diversity, community structure and function of plant rhizosphere microorganisms. This study provides a reference for optimizing the cultivation of G. littoralis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Liu
- Ludong University, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianxin Gao
- Ludong University, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shimeng Wang
- Ludong University, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Ludong University, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ailan Wang
- Ludong University, Yantai City, Shandong Province, China
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Analysis of endophyte diversity of Rheum palmatum among different tissues and ages. Arch Microbiol 2022; 205:14. [PMID: 36469126 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Rheum palmatum, a well-known Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM), has been used for medical purposes for thousand years in China. However, endophyte diversity of R. palmatum among different tissues and ages is still not revealed. In this study, we used 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing and combined with PICRUSt and FUNGuild to compare endophyte diversity and ecological function among different tissues and ages of R. palmatum. The results showed that the diversity and OTUs (Operational taxonomic units) abundance of endophytic fungi and bacteria of R. palmatum differed among different tissues and ages. The predictive function analysis showed that metabolism was main function of endophytic bacteria in different tissue and year samples, while saprotroph was dominant trophic mode of endophytic fungi in different year samples. The dominant trophic modes of endophytic fungi were saprotroph, pathotroph-symbiotroph and symbiotroph, and relative abundances differed in the different tissue samples. Our results elucidated the comprehensive diversity and composition profiles of endophytes in different tissues and year of R. palmatum. Our data offered pivotal information to clarify the role of endophytes in the production of R. palmatum and its important metabolites.
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Hou Q, Chen D, Wang YP, Ehmet N, Ma J, Sun K. Analysis of endophyte diversity of Gentiana officinalis among different tissue types and ages and their association with four medicinal secondary metabolites. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13949. [PMID: 36061750 PMCID: PMC9438771 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The difference of metabolites in medicinal plants has always been concerned to be influenced by external environmental factors. However, the relationship between endophytes and host metabolites remains unclear. Methods In this study, we used 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing to compare endophyte diversity among different tissue types and ages of Gentiana officinalis. Endophyte diversity and abundance was also analyzed in relation to the abundance of four secondary metabolites (Gentiopicroside, Loganic acid, Swertiamarine and Sweroside). Results The diversity and richness of G. officinalis endophyte differed as a function of tissue types and ages. Four metabolites of G. officinalis were significantly correlated with the abundance of dominant endophyte genera. The predictive function analysis showed that metabolism was main function of endophytic bacteria in different tissue and year root samples, while saprotroph was dominant trophic modes of endophytic fungi in the different year root samples. The dominant trophic modes of endophytic fungi was saprotroph and pathotroph, and relative abundances differed in the different tissue samples. The results of this study will help to elucidate the plant-microbial interactions and provide key information on the role of endophytes in the production of G.officinalis and its important metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - DaWei Chen
- The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu-pei Wang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Jing Ma
- The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kun Sun
- The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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