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Mesas C, Chico MA, Doello K, Lara P, Moreno J, Melguizo C, Perazzoli G, Prados J. Experimental Tumor Induction and Evaluation of Its Treatment in the Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:837. [PMID: 38255911 PMCID: PMC10815318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, generated during avian development, can be used in cancer research as an alternative in vivo model to perform tumorigenesis in ovo due to advantages such as simplicity, low cost, rapid growth, and being naturally immunodeficient. The aim of this systematic review has been to compile and analyze all studies that use the CAM assay as a tumor induction model. For that, a systematic search was carried out in four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and WOS. After eliminating duplicates and following the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 74 articles were included. Of these, 62% use the in ovo technique, 13% use the ex ovo technique, 9% study the formation of metastasis, and 16% induce tumors from patient biopsies. Regarding the methodology followed, the main species used is chicken (95%), although some studies use quail eggs (4%), and one article uses ostrich eggs. Therefore, the CAM assay is a revolutionary technique that allows a simple and effective way to induce tumors, test the effectiveness of treatments, carry out metastasis studies, perform biopsy grafts of patients, and carry out personalized medicine. However, unification of the methodology used is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mesas
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Maria Angeles Chico
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Kevin Doello
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Service of Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Patricia Lara
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Javier Moreno
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Fraguas-Sánchez AI, Martín-Sabroso C, Torres-Suárez AI. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model: a research approach for ex vivo and in vivo experiments. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1702-1717. [PMID: 34176455 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210625105438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model has attracted a great deal of interest in pharmaceutical and biological research as an alternative or complementary in vivo assay to animal models. Traditionally, CAM assay has been widely used to perform some toxicological studies, specifically to evaluate the skin, ocular and embryo toxicity of new drugs and formulations, and perform angiogenesis studies. Due to the possibility to generate the tumors onto the CAM, this model has also become an excellent strategy to evaluate the metastatic potential of different tumours and test the efficacy of novel anticancer therapies in vivo. Moreover, in the recent years, its use has considerably grown in other research areas, including the evaluation of new anti-infective agents, the development of biodistribution studies and tissue engineering research. OBJECTIVES This manuscript provides a critical overview of the use of CAM model in pharmaceutical and biological research, especially to test the toxicity of new drugs and formulations and the biodistribution and the efficacy of novel anticancer and anti-infective therapies, analyzing its advantages and disadvantages compared to animal models. CONCLUSION The chick chorioallantoic membrane model shows great utility in several research areas, such as cancer, toxicology, biodistribution studies and anti-infective therapies. In fact, it has become an intermediate stage between in vitro experiments and animal studies, and, in the case of toxicological studies (skin and ocular toxicity), has even replaced the animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Fraguas-Sánchez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Martín-Sabroso
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Torres-Suárez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Warncke P, Fink S, Wiegand C, Hipler UC, Fischer D. A shell-less hen's egg test as infection model to determine the biocompatibility and antimicrobial efficacy of drugs and drug formulations against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119557. [PMID: 32565284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A shell-less hen's egg based infection test with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was established to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of drugs and drug formulations close to the in vivo situation. The test system using preincubated fertilized chicken eggs transferred in petri dishes was optimized with respect to the controlled local application of liquid materials and bacteria as well as the bacterial cultivation conditions. The applicability of the ex ovo infection model was confirmed with antimicrobial susceptibility tests using tobramycin, ciprofloxacin and meropenem. The validity of the ex ovo data was demonstrated by correlation with in vitro data of the CellTiter®-Blue and the microplate laser nephelometry assay. Real-time imaging of the progress of infection and the efficacy of the treatment could be realized by the MolecuLight i:X™ technique. Furthermore, in a proof-of-concept efficacy, biocompatibility and even the presence of irritants were determined side-by-side using commercial ophthalmics. In conclusion, this egg based infection model could bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo models for the evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility to reduce animal tests according to the 3R concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Warncke
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sarah Fink
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Jena, Erfurter Str 35, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wiegand
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Jena, Erfurter Str 35, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Uta-Christina Hipler
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Jena, Erfurter Str 35, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Dagmar Fischer
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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García-Gareta E, Binkowska J, Kohli N, Sharma V. Towards the Development of a Novel Ex Ovo Model of Infection to Pre-Screen Biomaterials Intended for Treating Chronic Wounds. J Funct Biomater 2020; 11:jfb11020037. [PMID: 32498233 PMCID: PMC7353597 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This communication reports preliminary data towards the development of a live ex vivo model of persistent infection that is based on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), which can be used for pre-screening biomaterials with antimicrobial properties for their antimicrobial and angiogenic potential. Our results showed that it was possible to infect chicken embryos with Staphylococcus aureus, one of the main types of bacteria found in the persistent infection associated with chronic wounds, and maintain the embryos’ survival for up to 48 h. Survival of the embryos varied with the dose of bacteria inoculum and with the use and time of streptomycin application after infection. In infected yet viable embryos, the blood vessels network of the CAM was maintained with minimal disruption. Microbiological tests could confirm embryo infection, but quantification was difficult. By publishing these preliminary results, we hope that not only our group but others within the scientific community further this research towards the establishment of biomimetic and reproducible ex vivo models of persistent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena García-Gareta
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospitals, Harrow, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (J.B.); (N.K.); (V.S.)
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8LD, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Justyna Binkowska
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospitals, Harrow, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (J.B.); (N.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Nupur Kohli
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospitals, Harrow, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (J.B.); (N.K.); (V.S.)
- Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial Collage London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Vaibhav Sharma
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospitals, Harrow, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (J.B.); (N.K.); (V.S.)
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