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Wu Y, Wu C, Che Y, Zhang T, Dai C, Nguyễn AD, Duan K, Huang Y, Li N, Zhou H, Wan X, Wang Y, Lei H, Hao P, Li C, Wu Y. Effects of Glycyrrhiza Polysaccharides on Chickens' Intestinal Health and Homeostasis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:891429. [PMID: 35647094 PMCID: PMC9134109 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.891429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics in poultry farming causes the accumulation of drug residue in animals' bodies and the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which not only compromise animals' health but ultimately endanger human health. Thus, there is an urgent need for a novel poultry feed additive to substitute for excessive antibiotics. Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides (GPS) derived from Chinese licorice have shown promising immunomodulatory effects in previous studies. The present study investigated the pharmacological effects of GPS on poultry intestines to assess whether it can be used as a feed additive. The results show that GPS can increase production of sIgA, promote the secretion activity of goblet cells, alter the gut microbial composition and lead to changes in short-chain fatty acids. GPS also elevated both Th1 and Th2 immune responses by facilitating the expression of IL-2, IL-4, IL-1β, and IFN-γ while increasing the proportion of both CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the intestine. Moreover, the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that GPS could significantly change intestinal microbiota composition in the intestine, evidenced by the increased proportion of Bacteroides, Butyricicoccus and Eisenbergiella, as well as a decreased portion of Erysipelatoclostridium, leading to a healthier intestinal microbiota composition for the host. Taken together, it can be concluded that GPS is safe to use as a novel feed additive that can be used as an alternative to prophylactic antibiotics in poultry feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyang Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyun Che
- Engineering Laboratory for National Healthcare Theories and Products of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Experimental Teaching Center of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Audrey D. Nguyễn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Kun Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Nannan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuedi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjun Lei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Hao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiyue Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wu ;
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Wu Y, Li N, Zhang T, Che Y, Duan K, Wang Y, Zhou H, Wan X, Lei H, Nguyễn AD, De Souza C, Li K, Wu Y, Liu J, Wang D. Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides can improve and prolong the response of chickens to the Newcastle disease vaccine. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101549. [PMID: 34837761 PMCID: PMC8626840 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Licorice is a medicinal and food plant widely used to treat diseases and produce food additives, because of its unique chemical constituents like polysaccharides, flavones, and saponins. Glycyrrhiza Polysaccharides (GPS-1) are water-soluble neutral polysaccharides extracted from licorice. Currently, GPS-1 is administrated to chickens by gavage every d for 14 d to observe the impact of GPS-1 on the Newcastle disease vaccine. To determine the immunity of these chickens to NDV, blood serum levels of hemagglutinin-inhibition (HI) antibody, and immunoglobulins IgA and IgG were measured. Meanwhile, the expression levels of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-17, and IFN-γ were measured to evaluate the degree of immune booster activity. The chickens' spleen and peripheral blood lymphocytes displayed a significant increase in the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells after booster treatments with GPS-1. The results indicated that GPS-1 had a significant, dose-dependent, immune-boosting effect which could enhance NDV vaccine immunity in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Nannan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yanyun Che
- Engineering Laboratory for National Healthcare Theories and Products of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Kun Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Yuedi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xin Wan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Hongjun Lei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Audrey D Nguyễn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | | | - Kun Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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