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Assis-Mendonça GR, Campos LG, Delamain MT, de Brito ABC, Fanelli MF, Soares FA, de Souza CA, Vassallo J, Lima CSP. Association of single nucleotide variants in VEGFA and KDR with the risk and angiogenic features of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:2165-2177. [PMID: 37647140 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2248330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma subtype and dependent on angiogenesis (AG), whose main effectors are VEGFA and VEGFR2. Functional single nucleotide variants (SNVs) are described in VEGFA and KDR genes. However, it still unknown whether VEGFA - 2578C/A, -2489C/T, -1154G/A, -634G/C, -460C/T and KDR-604T/C, -271G/A, +1192G/A and +1719A/T SNVs act on DLBCL risk and angiogenic features. Genomic DNA from 168 DLBCL patients and 205 controls was used for SNV genotyping. Angiogenesis was immunohistochemically assessed in tumor biopsies, with reactions for VEGFA, VEGFR2, and CD34. VEGFA -1154GG genotype were associated with 1.6-fold higher DLBCL risk. KDR + 1192GG plus KDR + 1719 TT and KDR + 1192GG plus VEGFA - 2578CC combined genotypes are associated with 2.19- and 2.04-fold higher risks of DLBCL, respectively. VEGFA - 634GG or GC genotypes are associated with increased microvessel density and VEGFA levels. No relationship was observed between SNVs and cell-of-origin classification of DLBCL, but higher VEGFA and VEGFR2 were seen in non-germinal center tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Rossi Assis-Mendonça
- School of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Young Physician Leaders Program, National Academy of Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Letícia Goulart Campos
- School of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Augusto Soares
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Anatomic Pathology D'Or Hospitals Network, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cármino Antônio de Souza
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Vassallo
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Anatomic Pathology D'Or Hospitals Network, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carmen Silvia Passos Lima
- School of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oncology and Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Kolijn PM, Langerak AW. Immune dysregulation as a leading principle for lymphoma development in diverse immunological backgrounds. Immunol Lett 2023; 263:46-59. [PMID: 37774986 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of malignancies arising from lymphocytes, which poses a significant challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment due to its diverse subtypes and underlying mechanisms. This review aims to explore the shared and distinct features of various forms of lymphoma predisposing conditions, with a focus on genetic, immunological and molecular aspects. While diseases such as autoimmune disorders, inborn errors of immunity and iatrogenic immunodeficiencies are biologically and immunologically distinct, each of these diseases results in profound immune dysregulation and a predisposition to lymphoma development. Interestingly, the increased risk is often skewed towards a particular subtype of lymphoma. Patients with inborn errors of immunity in particular present with extreme forms of lymphoma predisposition, providing a unique opportunity to study the underlying mechanisms. External factors such as chronic infections and environmental exposures further modulate the risk of lymphoma development. Common features of conditions predisposing to lymphoma include: persistent inflammation, recurrent DNA damage or malfunctioning DNA repair, impaired tumor surveillance and viral clearance, and dysregulation of fundamental cellular processes such as activation, proliferation and apoptosis. Our growing understanding of the underlying mechanisms of lymphomagenesis provides opportunities for early detection, prevention and tailored treatment of lymphoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martijn Kolijn
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anton W Langerak
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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3
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Juskevicius D, Lundberg P, Tzankov A, Dirnhofer S, Stenner F. Genetic Factors in Familial Manifestation of Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma over Two Generations. Pathobiology 2023; 90:422-428. [PMID: 37490879 PMCID: PMC10733924 DOI: 10.1159/000532053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) is a rarely occurring lymphoid malignancy which typically affects young adults and presents itself as an anterior mediastinal mass. Gene expression profiling as well as somatic genetic analysis revealed that it is closely related to classical Hodgkin lymphoma, whereas morphologically, it tends to resemble diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Familial clustering of PMBL is rare - only two reports have been published to date. While it is generally accepted that positive family history is associated with increased risk of developing a lymphoma, genetic risk factors which might predispose to PMBL are largely unknown. CASE PRESENTATION We performed germline and tumor genetic analyses by whole-exome sequencing and array-CGH of a family, in which the father and the son both developed a PMBL. Germline investigations of both affected patients and of their two unaffected family members have not been able to provide a single risk factor associated with lymphoma predisposition. In addition, genes that were previously implicated in increased risk for PMBL, namely MLL (KMT2A) and TIRAP, were found to be intact in all investigated family members. Somatic genetic investigations identified known as well as novel genetic aberrations in tumors of the affected subjects. CONCLUSION We conclude that predisposition to a PMBL might be inherited through a combination of low- or moderate-risk factors and provide a shortlist of the most likely selected candidates, which can be used in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Juskevicius
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pontus Lundberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland,
| | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Stenner
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Ralli S, Jones SJ, Leach S, Lynch HT, Brooks-Wilson AR. Gene and pathway based burden analyses in familial lymphoid cancer cases: Rare variants in immune pathway genes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287602. [PMID: 37379307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have revealed common genetic variants with small effect sizes associated with diverse lymphoid cancers. Family studies have uncovered rare variants with high effect sizes. However, these variants explain only a portion of the heritability of these cancers. Some of the missing heritability may be attributable to rare variants with small effect sizes. We aim to identify rare germline variants associated with familial lymphoid cancers using exome sequencing. One case per family was selected from 39 lymphoid cancer families based on early onset of disease or rarity of subtype. Control data was from Non-Finnish Europeans in gnomAD exomes (N = 56,885) or ExAC (N = 33,370). Gene and pathway-based burden tests for rare variants were performed using TRAPD. Five putatively pathogenic germline variants were found in four genes: INTU, PEX7, EHHADH, and ASXL1. Pathway-based association tests identified the innate and adaptive immune systems, peroxisomal pathway and olfactory receptor pathway as associated with lymphoid cancers in familial cases. Our results suggest that rare inherited defects in the genes involved in immune system and peroxisomal pathway may predispose individuals to lymphoid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Ralli
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Samantha J Jones
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Leach
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Henry T Lynch
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Angela R Brooks-Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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5
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Ku X, Wang J, Li H, Meng C, Yu F, Yu W, Li Z, Zhou Z, Zhang C, Hua Y, Yan W, Jin J. Proteomic Portrait of Human Lymphoma Reveals Protein Molecular Fingerprint of Disease Specific Subtypes and Progression. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:148-166. [PMID: 37197640 PMCID: PMC10110798 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-022-00075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
An altered proteome in lymph nodes often suggests abnormal signaling pathways that may be associated with diverse lymphatic disorders. Current clinical biomarkers for histological classification of lymphomas have encountered many discrepancies, particularly for borderline cases. Therefore, we launched a comprehensive proteomic study aimed to establish a proteomic landscape of patients with various lymphatic disorders and identify proteomic variations associated with different disease subgroups. In this study, 109 fresh-frozen lymph node tissues from patients with various lymphatic disorders (with a focus on Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma) were analyzed by data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. A quantitative proteomic landscape was comprehensively characterized, leading to the identification of featured protein profiles for each subgroup. Potential correlations between clinical outcomes and expression profiles of signature proteins were also probed. Two representative signature proteins, phospholipid-binding proteins Annexin A6 (ANXA6) and Phospholipase C Gamma 2 (PLCG2), were successfully validated via immunohistochemistry. We also evaluated the capability of acquired proteomic signatures to segregate multiple lymphatic abnormalities and identified several core signature proteins, such as Sialic Acid Binding Ig Like Lectin 1 (SIGLEC1) and GTPase of immunity-associated protein 5 (GIMAP5). In summary, the established lympho-specific data resource provides a comprehensive map of protein expression in lymph nodes during multiple disease states, thus extending the existing human tissue proteome atlas. Our findings will be of great value in exploring protein expression and regulation underlying lymphatic malignancies, while also providing novel protein candidates to classify various lymphomas for more precise medical practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43657-022-00075-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ku
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Haikuo Li
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- Present Address: Division of Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, 63130 USA
| | - Chen Meng
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Wenjuan Yu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Zhongqi Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Can Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Ying Hua
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Wei Yan
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
- Key Laboratory of Hematologic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310003 China
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Câmara AB, Brandão IA. The Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment and Side Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2023; 19:PRA-EPUB-128894. [PMID: 36650656 DOI: 10.2174/1574892818666230117151757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper aims to review studies regarding side effects found during Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma treatment, to suggest the drug class most associated with these effects, as well as the most prevalent side effect grade. METHODS This review is registered in PROSPERO (IDCRD42022295774) and followed the PICOS strategy and PRISMA guidelines. The search was carried out in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and DOAJ. Medical Subject Headings Terms were used and quantitative studies with conclusive results regarding side effects during the non-Hodgkin lymphoma treatment were selected. Patent information was obtained from google patents. RESULTS Monoclonal antibodies were the main drug class associated with side effects during NHL therapy. The combination of Rituximab (Rituxan®; patent EP1616572B) and iInotuzumab (Besponsa®; patent EP1504035B3) was associated with a higher incidence of thrombocytopenia (p<0.05), while the combination of Rituximab and Venetoclax (Venclexta®; patent CN107089981A) was associated with a higher incidence of neutropenia (p<0.05) when compared to Bendamustine combinations (Treanda ™; patent US20130253025A1). Meta-analysis revealed a high prevalence of grade 3-4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in men. Finally, Americans and Canadians experienced a higher prevalence of these side effects, when compared to others nationalities (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Patents regarding the use of monoclonal antibodies in NHL treatment were published in the last year. Monoclonal antibodies associated with neutropenia (grade 3-4) and thrombocytopenia, especially in North American men treated for NHL, and with an average age of 62 years demonstrated importance in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Barros Câmara
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte
| | - Igor Augusto Brandão
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte
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7
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Köse D, Güzelçiçek A, Öz Ö, Erdem AY, Haliloğlu Y, Witzel M, Klein C, Ünal E. The Mutation of CD27 Deficiency Presented With Familial Hodgkin Lymphoma and a Review of the Literature. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 44:e833-e843. [PMID: 35398861 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to report 4 siblings with CD27 deficiency presented with Hodgkin lymphoma. The father of the family, his 2 wives, and 17 children born from these wives were included into the study. CD27 mutation of all the family members with, and without Hodgkin lymphoma were studied. The variants detected by the exome sequencing analysis were verified by Sanger sequencing and analyzed using SeqScape Software 3. It was determined that both the father of the family and his 2 wives carried the same variant heterozygously. Of the children born to the first mother, 2 children were normal, 3 were heterozygous and 5 were homozygous. Four of these 5 homozygous children were diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma. Of the children born to the second mother, 1 child was normal, 3 children were heterozygous and 2 children were homozygous, and none of them had developed a malignant event. We also showed that CD27 deficiency may enhance Treg differentiation. According to our information, this study augmented the relationship of Hodgkin lymphoma and CD27 deficiency. The detection of homozygous CD27 variant in all siblings who developed lymphoma strengthened the place of this mutation in the etiology of Hodgkin lymphoma. In contrast, the presence of homozygous siblings with no malignant event suggested the possible contributions of environmental factors on the etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doğan Köse
- Departments of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
| | | | - Özlem Öz
- Genetics, Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Şanliurfa
| | - Arzu Y Erdem
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara
| | - Yeşim Haliloğlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University School of Medicine
| | - Maximilian Witzel
- Department of Pediatrics, Munich University, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Munich University, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Ekrem Ünal
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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8
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Velissari A, Vassilakopoulos TP, Angelopoulou MK, Korkolopoulou P, Bamias G, Daikos G, Konstantopoulos K, Siakantaris M. Genetic polymorphisms and risk of MALT lymphoma in Greek population. Curr Res Transl Med 2021; 70:103330. [PMID: 34979486 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2021.103330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE MALT lymphoma is thought to have a genetic component. Genetic studies in the greek population are rare and genetic determinants remain to be established. The current study aimed to seek correlations between genetic polymorphisms and risk of MALT lymphoma in the Greek population. PATIENTS AND METHODS 83 MALT lymphoma patients and 60 age-matched healthy outpatients were recruited. SNPs in TNFa, LTA and CTLA-4 genes and IL1RN-VNTR and GSTT1 and GSTTM1 null polymorphisms were genotyped using published PCR/PCR-RFLP methods, while two novel PCR-RFLP methods were developed for IL-22 rs7314777 and TCF19 rs7750641 SNPs. Part of the results was validated by DNA-sequencing. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and the SNPstats bioinformatic tool. RESULTS The mean age of the patients and controls were 55.9 and 56.2 years respectively. The majority of patients (63) suffered gastric marzinal zone lymphoma (GMZL) and 71.1% were stage I at diagnosis. A statistically significant association was noted for the CTLA-4 49A/ G G variant (OR:2.56,p: 0.006) and the TCF19 rs7750641 SNP T variant (OR: 3.86, p:0.023). CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed a role for CTLA-4 49A/G and TCF19 rs7750641 SNPs in the Greek population. Additional studies could help confirm these associations and possibly link them to prognosis or response to treatment parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Velissari
- Hematology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital.
| | - T P Vassilakopoulos
- Hematology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital
| | - M K Angelopoulou
- Hematology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital
| | - P Korkolopoulou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - G Bamias
- Gastrenterology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital
| | - G Daikos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital
| | - K Konstantopoulos
- Hematology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital
| | - M Siakantaris
- Hematology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital
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Sheng M, Cai H, Yang Q, Li J, Zhang J, Liu L. A Random Walk-Based Method to Identify Candidate Genes Associated With Lymphoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:792754. [PMID: 34899868 PMCID: PMC8655984 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.792754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is a serious type of cancer, especially for adolescents and elder adults, although this malignancy is quite rare compared with other types of cancer. The cause of this malignancy remains ambiguous. Genetic factor is deemed to be highly associated with the initiation and progression of lymphoma, and several genes have been related to this disease. Determining the pathogeny of lymphoma by identifying the related genes is important. In this study, we presented a random walk-based method to infer the novel lymphoma-associated genes. From the reported 1,458 lymphoma-associated genes and protein–protein interaction network, raw candidate genes were mined by using the random walk with restart algorithm. The determined raw genes were further filtered by using three screening tests (i.e., permutation, linkage, and enrichment tests). These tests could control false-positive genes and screen out essential candidate genes with strong linkages to validate the lymphoma-associated genes. A total of 108 inferred genes were obtained. Analytical results indicated that some inferred genes, such as RAC3, TEC, IRAK2/3/4, PRKCE, SMAD3, BLK, TXK, PRKCQ, were associated with the initiation and progression of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Sheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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10
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The Influence of Interleukin-2 Gene Polymorphisms on the Risk and Clinical Outcome of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2021; 37:549-554. [PMID: 34744338 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-020-01388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the IL-2 gene are associated with various diseases and cancers including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The aim of the study is to assess the impact of IL-2 genetic polymorphisms [- 330 T/G (rs2069762) and + 114 T/G (rs2069763)] on the susceptibility and prognosis of NHL. Sixty patients with NHL as well as 60 age and sex matched healthy control subjects are included in this study. IL-2 genotypes were determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment length Polymorphism assay (PCR-RFLP). Our study revealed that both IL-2 rs2069762 and rs2069763 gene polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of developing NHL; OR = 3.609 (95% CI = 1.527-8.417) and 4.142 (95% CI = 1.637-10.538) respectively. Moreover, the simultaneous presence of both polymorphisms is associated with about 6 fold increased risk of developing NHL. Also, IL-2 rs2069762 and rs2069763 gene polymorphisms increase the risk of unfavorable prognosis with OR = 17.300 (95% CI = 3.392-87.725) and 10.424(95% CI = 1.870-58.413) respectively. These findings suggest that IL-2 (rs2069762) and (rs2069763) gene polymorphisms could be involved in the development of NHL.
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11
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Jaradeh M, Baig N, Bontekoe E, Mitrovic M, Antic D, Hoppensteadt D, Kantarcioglu B, Fareed J. The Relationship Between Thrombo-Inflammatory Biomarkers and Cellular Indices of Inflammation in Lymphoma Patients. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 27:10760296211050358. [PMID: 34713728 PMCID: PMC8558596 DOI: 10.1177/10760296211050358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers play an important role in the pathogenesis of lymphoma. We aimed to characterize the interrelationship of thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers and blood cellular indices in lymphoma patients. Materials and Methods Ninety-eight lymphoma patient samples were collected from Lymphoma Center of Clinic of Hematology, University of Belgrade, Serbia. Normal controls (n = 50) represented plasma from healthy individuals. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), D-Dimer, factor XIII, C-reactive protein (CRP), microparticles (Mp), Von Willebrand factor (vWF), total protein S, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI), and fibronectin levels were measured utilizing commercially-available ELISA methods. Thrombin generation profile (TGA) was measured using a fluorometric kinetic assay. Platelets, leukocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils were measured in conjunction with the complete blood profile. Results Statistically significant differences were noted in levels of PAI-1, D-Dimer, factor XIII, CRP, microparticles, vWF, uPA, TNFα, β2GPI, fibronectin, and TGA when compared to normal (all P values < .001). Platelet to leukocyte ratio (PLA) correlated to TNFα and fibronectin (R = −0.31 and −0.53, respectively) and the platelet to neutrophil ratio (PNR) correlated to factor XIII and β2GPI (R = 0.40 and 0.40, respectively). Conclusion Plasma samples from lymphoma patients demonstrated a significantly altered thrombo-inflammatory biomarker profile that has notable correlations to blood cellular indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jaradeh
- 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Nausheen Baig
- 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Darko Antic
- 54801University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Jawed Fareed
- 25815Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
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12
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Alrashid MH, Al-Serri A, Alshemmari SH, Geo JA, Al-Bustan SA. Association analysis of genetic variants in the ghrelin and tumor necrosis factor α genes and the risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Kuwaitis. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:11-18. [PMID: 34024815 PMCID: PMC8461683 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-200373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is the most common hematological malignancy in the world. Many etiologic factors have been implicated in the risk of developing NHL, including genetic susceptibility and obesity. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Ghrelin (GHRL), an anti-inflammatory hormone, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), an inflammatory cytokine, have been independently associated with the risk for obesity and NHL. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between SNPs in GHRL and TNF-α and the risk for NHL and obesity in Kuwaitis. METHODS: We recruited 154 Kuwaiti NHL patients and 217 controls. Genotyping was performed for rs1629816 (GHRL promoter region), rs35684 (GHRL 3’ untranslated region), and rs1800629 (TNF-α promoter region). Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association of the investigated SNPs with NHL and the relationship between the selected SNPs with BMI in each group separately. RESULTS: We show that rs1629816 GG was associated with an increased risk for NHL in our sample (p= 0.0003, OR 1.82; CI: 1.31–2.54). None of the investigated SNPs were associated with obesity, nor was obesity found to be associated with the risk for NHL. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates an association between rs1629816, a SNP in the GHRL regulatory region, and NHL in Kuwaitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam H Alrashid
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Ahmad Al-Serri
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Salem H Alshemmari
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.,Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jeethu Anu Geo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Suzanne A Al-Bustan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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Khorshied M, Soliman N, Khorshid O, Bakr S. Genetic variations in tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-1 (TRAIL-R1) gene and the susceptibility to B cell nonhodgkin lymphoma in Egypt. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:451-458. [PMID: 34275891 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-201786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulated apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer development and progression. TRAIL and its receptors (R1 and R2) are key players in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Genetic alteration or blockade of TRAIL-R1 may alter its apoptotic function, and subsequently provide growth advantage to neoplastic cells. OBJECTIVE to investigate the possible association between -C626G, -A683C and -A1322G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TRAIL-R1 gene and the susceptibility to B-NHL in a cohort of Egyptians. METHODS Genotypic analysis was performed for 100 newly diagnosed B-NHL patients and 150 age and gender matched healthy controls. RESULTS The polymorphic alleles of -C626G and -A1322G conferred almost twofold increased risk of B-NHL (OR = 1.76; 95%CI = 1.01-3.22 and OR = 1.89; 95%CI = 1.01-3.75 respectively). There was no statistical difference in the distribution of TRAIL-R1-A683C alleles/genotypes between B-NHL patients and controls. B-NHL risk increased when -C626G and -A1322G polymorphic genotypes were co-inherited (OR = 3.57; 95%CI = 1.29-9.84). The risk conferred by -C626G SNP increased for DLBCL (OR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.61-7.16). CONCLUSION TRAIL-R1-C626G and -A1322G polymorphisms could be considered as molecular risk factors for B-NHL especially DLBCL. The data provided by the current study constitute an initial millstone towards developing a large-scale dataset for genetic variations that could contribute to lymphomagenesis in Egyptian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Khorshied
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nohair Soliman
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Khorshid
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa Bakr
- Department of Clinical Pathology/Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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14
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Abstract
Dogs and humans have coexisted together for thousands of years, but it was not until the Victorian Era that humans practiced selective breeding to produce the modern standards we see today. Strong artificial selection during the breed formation period has simplified the genetic architecture of complex traits and caused an enrichment of identity-by-descent (IBD) segments in the dog genome. This study demonstrates the value of IBD segments and utilizes them to infer the recent demography of canids, predict case-control status for complex traits, locate regions of the genome potentially linked to inbreeding depression, and to identify understudied breeds where there is potential to discover new disease-associated variants. Domestic dogs have experienced population bottlenecks, recent inbreeding, and strong artificial selection. These processes have simplified the genetic architecture of complex traits, allowed deleterious variation to persist, and increased both identity-by-descent (IBD) segments and runs of homozygosity (ROH). As such, dogs provide an excellent model for examining how these evolutionary processes influence disease. We assembled a dataset containing 4,414 breed dogs, 327 village dogs, and 380 wolves genotyped at 117,288 markers and data for clinical and morphological phenotypes. Breed dogs have an enrichment of IBD and ROH, relative to both village dogs and wolves, and we use these patterns to show that breed dogs have experienced differing severities of bottlenecks in their recent past. We then found that ROH burden is associated with phenotypes in breed dogs, such as lymphoma. We next test the prediction that breeds with greater ROH have more disease alleles reported in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA). Surprisingly, the number of causal variants identified correlates with the popularity of that breed rather than the ROH or IBD burden, suggesting an ascertainment bias in OMIA. Lastly, we use the distribution of ROH across the genome to identify genes with depletions of ROH as potential hotspots for inbreeding depression and find multiple exons where ROH are never observed. Our results suggest that inbreeding has played a large role in shaping genetic and phenotypic variation in dogs and that future work on understudied breeds may reveal new disease-causing variation.
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Makhlouf MM, Radwan ER, Khorshed OM, Fathi LM, Elmasry MM. CXC Chemokine Receptor Type 5 Gene Polymorphisms in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Pathobiology 2020; 88:211-217. [PMID: 33378752 DOI: 10.1159/000510456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chemokine receptor CXCR5 is selectively expressed on B cells; it is involved in lymphocyte homing and the development of normal lymphoid tissue. Its principle ligand is CXCL13 or B lymphocyte chemoattractant. Three polymorphisms in the CXCR5 gene, rs148351692 C/G, rs6421571 C/T, and rs78440425 G/A, have been identified. OBJECTIVE To assess the genetic polymorphisms of CXCR5 and evaluate their possible contribution to the susceptibility and response to therapy of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty DLBCL (not otherwise specified) patients and 50 control subjects were included in this study. CXCR5 genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS Our study revealed that the CXCR5 rs148351692 C/G and rs6421571 C/T gene polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of developing DLBCL (OR 28.57 [95% CI 8.96-96.56] and 3.45 [1.67-11.83] respectively), while CXCR5 rs78440425 G/A showed no association with the risk of lymphoma. Moreover, the double and triple combined gene polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of developing DLBCL of approximately 120-fold and 105-fold, respectively. CXCR5 gene polymorphisms had no significant impact on disease outcome or response to therapy. CONCLUSIONS CXCR5 gene polymorphisms could be considered a potential risk factor for the development of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Mohamed Makhlouf
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt,
| | - Eman Roshdy Radwan
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Mohamed Khorshed
- Department of Clinical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lamees Mohamed Fathi
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal Mohamed Elmasry
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Imaging features of lymphoma vary regionally. Awareness of site-specific key imaging characteristics of lymphoma can aid in rapid staging and assist in prompt treatment. FDG PET/CT and conventional MRI are readily available diagnostic modalities with excellent sensitivity and good specificity. Diagnostic specificity can be enhanced using emerging PET radiotracers, e.g., FLT and FET. RECENT FINDINGS Emerging research has shown higher dimensional analysis (radiomics and radiogenomics) of imaging data can yield information of the underlying genetic aberrations in lymphoma, which can aid in assessing real-time evolution of tumor. CT, PET/CT, MRI, and ultrasound accentuate the intrinsic qualities of lymphoma (e.g., FDG PET/CT for increased metabolic activity, FLT PET/CT for increased proliferation index, and DWI for increased cellularity) and play an essential role in its diagnosis and examination. Advanced radiogenomic analyses use radiomic parameters to deduce genetic variations of lymphoma, providing noninvasive, repeatable, and real-time surveillance of its genetic progression.
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17
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Jones SJ, Stroshein S, Williams AM, Liu D, Spinelli JJ, Connors JM, Brooks-Wilson AR. Birth Order, Sibship Size, Childhood Environment and Immune-Related Disorders, and Risk of Lymphoma in Lymphoid Cancer Families. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1168-1178. [PMID: 32169998 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial aggregation of lymphoid cancers and immune-related disorders suggests a role for genetic susceptibility; however, few studies examine environmental factors. According to the hygiene hypothesis, adult-onset immune-related diseases may be a consequence of reduced childhood infectious exposures and aberrant immune development. In a cohort of 196 multiple-case lymphoid cancer families, we analyzed environmental factors related to the hygiene hypothesis. METHODS Family structure, childhood environment, and immune-related disorders were examined among 196 lymphoid cancer families, in relation to risk of lymphoid cancer. We report on 450 lymphoid cancer cases and 1,018 unaffected siblings using logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association. RESULTS The risk of lymphoma tended to decrease with later birth order (OR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.78-0.89) and larger sibship size (OR = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.79-0.85). High maternal education, above average family income during childhood, allergies (OR = 2.25; 95% CI, 1.44-3.51), and tonsillectomy (OR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.14-2.78) were independent risk factors for lymphoma. Familial lymphoid cancer cases were more likely to report environment (OR = 1.90; 95% CI, 1.21-2.98) and drug (OR = 2.30; 95% CI, 1.41-3.73) allergies. CONCLUSIONS These associations underscore the complex etiology of familial lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the largest multiple-case family-based study that supports the hygiene hypothesis contributing to lymphoid cancer risk. IMPACT Understanding the mechanism by which environmental and lifestyle factors affect lymphoid cancer risk may advance cancer prevention, even in the familial context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sumara Stroshein
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy M Williams
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dongmeng Liu
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John J Spinelli
- Population Oncology, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joseph M Connors
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angela R Brooks-Wilson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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18
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The Influence of GPX1 Pro198Leu, CAT C262T and MnSOD Ala16Val Gene Polymorphisms on Susceptibility for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Overall Survival Rate at Five Years from Diagnosis. ACTA MEDICA MARISIENSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/amma-2019-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate possible associations between catalase C262T (CAT C262T), glutathione peroxidase 1 Pro198Leu (GPX1 Pro198Leu), manganese superoxide dismutase Ala16Val (MnSOD Ala16Val) gene polymorphisms and non-Hodgkin Lymphoma risk (NHL) in a Romanian population and the five-year overall survival rate of the NHL patients.
Methods: We included in this case-control study 406 individuals, divided into two groups: the control group (n=315) and the patients group (n=91). The DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and amplified using specific techniques.
Results: The variant homozygous genotype of GPX1 Pro198Leu represents a risk factor for NHL development and no associations regarding the risk for NHL were found for MnSOD Ala16Val and CAT C262T gene polymorphisms. Two of the studied polymorphisms were associated with the overall survival rate thus: negative association regarding MnSOD Ala16Val, associated with higher overall survival rate and a positive one regarding CAT C262T, associated with lower overall survival rate.
Conclusions: According to our results, the mentioned polymorphisms may be considered as susceptible markers of the five-year overall survival rate for NHL patients. Future studies with a larger number of patients are needed to confirm our results.
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19
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Abstract
Background The knowledge about specific mechanisms generating TP53 dysfunction in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is limited. The aim of the current study was to comprehensively explore TP53 gene variability resulting from somatic mutations, promoter methylation, and allelic imbalance in tumorous tissue of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods DNA samples from 74 patients with DLBCL were used. Genomic DNA was isolated from paraffin blocks of lymph nodes or from extranodal biopsies of tumors by the phenol–chloroform extraction method with guanidine. Analysis of coding sequences of the TP53 gene was based on Sanger’s direct sequencing method. The methylation status of the TP53 promoter was analyzed using by methylation-specific PCR on bisulfite-converted DNA. Assessment of the detected mutations was carried out in the IARC TP53 Database and the TP53 UMD mutation database of human cancer. Results The mutations in regions coding for the DNA-binding domain were prevalent (95%). In the analyzed sample of patients, codons 275, 155, 272, and 212 were hotspots of mutations in the TP53 gene. In addition, functionally significant intron mutations (IVS6-36G > C and IVS5 + 43G > T) were detected. Instances of TP53 promoter methylation were observed only in a few samples of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma tissue. Furthermore, loss of heterozygosity was revealed only in the subgroup of patients with altered status of the gene (mutations were detected in five patients and promoter methylation in one case). Conclusions Thus, the results suggest that there are two sequential events in the formation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in at least some cases. The first event is mutation or methylation of the TP53 promoter, leading to appearance of a cell with increased risk of malignant transformation. The second event is the loss of an intact allele of the gene; this change is necessary for tumorigenesis. We identified TP53 mutation patterns in a Russian cohort of patients with de novo DLBCL who were treated with R-CHOP and R-CHOP-like regimens and confirmed that TP53 mutation status is a valuable prognostic biomarker.
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Low Expression and Promoter Hypermethylation of the Tumour Suppressor SLIT2, are Associated with Adverse Patient Outcomes in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 25:1223-1231. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00600-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Burkhard R, Keller I, Arambasic M, Juskevicius D, Tzankov A, Lundberg P, Bruggmann R, Dirnhofer S, Radpour R, Novak U. TIRAP p.R81C is a novel lymphoma risk variant which enhances cell proliferation via NF-κB mediated signaling in B-cells. Haematologica 2018; 104:766-777. [PMID: 30381301 PMCID: PMC6442981 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.201590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common malignant lymphoma in adults. By gene-expression profiling, this lymphoma is divided in three cell-of-origin subtypes with distinct molecular and clinical features. Most lymphomas arise sporadically, yet familial clustering is known, suggesting a genetic contribution to disease risk. Familial lymphoma cases are a valuable tool to investigate risk genes. We studied a Swiss/Japanese family with 2 sisters affected by a primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma and a non-germinal center diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, respectively. The somatic landscape of both lymphomas was marked by alterations affecting multiple components of the JAK-STAT pathway. Consequently, this pathway was constitutively activated as evidenced by high pJAK2 as well as increased nuclear pSTAT3 and pSTAT6 in malignant cells. Potential lymphoma risk variants were identified by whole exome sequencing of the germline DNA derived from siblings and unaffected family members. This analysis revealed a pathogenic variant in TIRAP, an upstream regulator of NF-κB, in both affected siblings and their mother. We observed increased B-cell proliferation in family members harboring the TIRAP p.R81C variant. B-cell proliferation correlated with TIRAP and NF-κB target gene expression, suggesting enhanced NF-κB pathway activity in TIRAP p.R81C individuals. TIRAP knockdown reduced B-cell survival and NF-κB target gene expression, particularly in individuals with TIRAP p.R81C. Functional studies revealed significantly increased NF-κB activity and resistance to stress-induced cell-death by TIRAP p.R81C. The identification of an inherited TIRAP variant provides evidence for a novel link between genetic alterations affecting the NF-κB pathway and lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regula Burkhard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital.,Division of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern
| | - Irene Keller
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, Department for BioMedical Research, and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern
| | - Miroslav Arambasic
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital.,Division of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern
| | | | | | - Pontus Lundberg
- Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, Department for BioMedical Research, and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern
| | | | - Ramin Radpour
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital.,Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urban Novak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital .,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern
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Ye X, Zhao K, Wu C, Hu P, Fu H. Associations between genetic variants in immunoregulatory genes and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a Chinese population. Oncotarget 2018; 8:10450-10457. [PMID: 28060727 PMCID: PMC5354671 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We undertook a hospital-based case-control study to examine the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected immunoregulatory genes and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk in a Chinese population. One hundred and sixty-nine NHL patients diagnosed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2001 standard and 421 controls were recruited. Nine SNPs in three genes (IL-10, IL-1RN, and TNF-α) were selected based on predicted functions and previous study findings. Genetic association analysis was performed using the Cochran-Armitage trend test and multiple logistic regression. Four SNPs were associated with an increased risk of overall NHL: odds ratio per minor allele [ORper-minor-allele] and 95% confidence interval [CI] were 2.64 (1.75-3.98) for IL-10 rs1800893, 2.67 (1.72-4.16) for IL-1RN rs4251961, 1.80 (1.24-2.63) for TNF- α rs1800630, and 1.55 (1.02-2.37) for TNF- α rs2229094. These SNPs were also associated with an increased risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In addition, another SNP (TNF- α rs1041981) was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL (ORper-minor-allele=1.73, 95% CI 1.14-2.61). The findings provide evidence on the role of these immunoregulatory gene variants in NHL etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xibiao Ye
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada.,Vaccine and Drug Evaluation Centre, University of Manitoba, Canada.,Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kaiqiong Zhao
- Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Cuie Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hua Fu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Genetic Variability of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors Type I and II in Lymphoproliferative Diseases in the Serbian Population –. ACTA FACULTATIS MEDICAE NAISSENSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/afmnai-2017-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
TNF-alpha and LT-alpha are involved in the pathogenesis of established lymphoproliferative diseases. Both molecules bind to TNFRI and TNFRII. TNFRI is the major mediator of the TNF pro-apoptotic and proliferative effects and TNFRII might enhance these effects. TNF receptors I and II are normally present on hematopoetic cells. TNFR II is characteristic only on immune cells, especially on peripheral leukocytes. Neoplastic B cells and activated B lymphocytes have increased expression of surface TNFR I. In this study, we have analyzed polymorphisms in the TNFRI gene (TNFRI+36A/G SNP) and polymorphism in the TNFRII gene (TNFRII + 676 T/G). All these polymorphisms were studied in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), patients with non-Hodkin’s lymphoma (NHL) and in healthy controls. The present study was undertaken to investigate the genetic association of these polymorphisms with lymproproliferative disease development.
A total of 68 patients (49-CLL, 19-HNL) were diagnosed at the Clinic of Hematology, Clinical centre Niš, Serbia, using clinical findings and conventional morphological, cytochemical and immunological tests. Genomic DNA was isolated from isolated lymphocytes by proteinase K/phenol/chloroform method, and genotyped for TNFR I (A36G) and TNFR II (T676G) using the PCR-RFLP method.
No significant differences in allele frequencies of TNFR1 polymorphism were found between the patients with lymphoproliferative disease and healthy individuals. In a group of healthy individuals, the study has revealed for the first time significantly higher TNFRI G/G genotype compared to the patients with lymphoproliferative disease (χ22 = 5.66; p = 0.017). Also, we reported the implication of TNFRII T allele in NHL pathogenesis, respectively (χ22 = 10.77; p = 0.001; Mantel-Haenszel: χ22 = 10.64; p = 0.0011).
Our data showed that TNFRII T676G polymorphisms have an important role in NHL pathogenesis but not in CLL patients. A/A polymorphism in TNFRI was not associated with CLL and NHL patients in the Serbian population. Investigated polymorphisms on TNFR genes in leukemic cells of CLL and NHL patients have not showed a correlation with increased proliferation of B lymphocytes and increased expression of TNF R II on B CLL lymphocytes.
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Juskevicius D, Dirnhofer S, Tzankov A. Genetic background and evolution of relapses in aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Haematologica 2017; 102:1139-1149. [PMID: 28554945 PMCID: PMC5566014 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.151647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapses of aggressive B-cell lymphomas pose a higher risk to affected patients because of potential treatment resistance and usually rapid tumor growth. Recent advances, such as targeting Bruton tyrosine kinase, have provided promising results in small numbers of cases, but treatment for the majority of patients remains challenging and outcomes are generally poor. A number of recent studies have utilized state-of-the-art genomic technologies in an attempt to better understand tumor genome evolution during relapse and to identify relapse-specific genetic alterations. It has been found that in some settings (e.g. diffuse large B-cell lymphomas in immunocompromised patients, secondary diffuse large B-cell lymphomas as Richter transformations) a significant part of the recurrences are clonally-unrelated de novo neoplasms, which might have distinct genomic and drug sensitivity profiles as well as different prognoses. Similar to earlier findings in indolent lymphomas, genetic tumor evolution of clonally-related relapsing aggressive B-cell lymphomas is predominantly characterized by two patterns: early divergence from a common progenitor and late divergence/linear evolution from a primary tumor. The clinical implications of these distinct patterns are not yet clear and will require additional investigation; however, it is plausible that these two patterns of recurrence are linked to different treatment-resistance mechanisms. Attempts to identify drivers of relapses result in a very heterogeneous list of affected genes and pathways as well as epigenetic mechanisms and suggest many ways of how recurrent tumors can adapt to treatment and expand their malignant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Juskevicius
- Institute of Pathology & Medical Genetics, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Pathology & Medical Genetics, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology & Medical Genetics, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
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25
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Impact of cachexia on outcomes in aggressive lymphomas. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:951-956. [PMID: 28417157 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-2958-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is defined as a state of involuntary weight loss, attributed to altered body composition with muscle mass loss and/or loss of adiposity. Identifying the association between cancer cachexia and outcomes may pave the way for novel agents that target the cancer cachexia process. Clinical parameters for measurement of cancer cachexia are needed. We conducted a single-institution retrospective analysis that included 86 NHL patients with the aim of identifying an association between cancer cachexia and outcomes in aggressive lymphomas using the cachexia index (CXI) suggested by Jafri et al. (Clin Med Insights Oncol 9:87-93, 15). Impact of cachexia factors on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression. Patients were dichotomized around the median CXI into "non-cachectic" (CXI ≥49.8, n = 41) and "cachectic" (CXI <49.8, n = 40) groups. Cachectic patients had significantly worse PFS (HR 2.18, p = 0.044) and OS (HR = 4.05, p = 0.004) than non-cachectic patients. Cachexia as defined by the CXI is prognostic in aggressive lymphomas and implies that novel therapeutic strategies directed at reversing cachexia may improve survival in this population.
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Maldonado GDC, Terra ON, Arnóbio A, Alfradique GR, Ornellas MH, da Silva RI, de Lima DB. Association Between XRCC1 and WRN as Genetic Markers of Stability and Susceptibility to Cancer in Patients with HIV/AIDS and Cancer: a Cross-Sectional Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:615-620. [PMID: 28440612 PMCID: PMC5464474 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.3.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: HIV-induced immunodeficiency has been implicated as a key factor for risk of cancer. Neoplasia is considered to result from accumulation of damage to the genome. Polymorphisms in repair genes, such as the XRCC1 and WRN, have been associated with susceptibility to development of cancer in patients with HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of polymorphisms in XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) and WRN (Cys1367Arg) in patients with HIV/AIDS with or without cancer. Materials and Methods: Genotyping for analysis of polymorphisms was carried out by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). Results: In the genotypic and allelic analysis, no increased risk of cancer was observed with any genotype or allele of XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) singly (prevalence ratio 2.82; p-value= 0.24). However, with the WRN (Cys1367Arg) gene, the heterozygous genotype and arginine allele were associated with increased risk (prevalence ratio= 25.62; p-value= 0.0001). Correlation analysis showed no association between gender and the risk (male p-value= 0.639 and women p-value> 1); however, a positive association for the increased risk of cancer was shown with XRCC1 (Arg399Arg) wild-type homozygous and WRN (Cys1367Arg) heterozygous (p-value< 0.001), with heterozygous XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) and WRN (Cys1367Arg) (p-value< 0.001), and with variant homozygous XRCC1 (Gln399Gln) and heterozygous WRN (Cys1367Arg) (p-value< 0.001). Conclusions: There is no increased risk of cancer in patients who are HIV/AIDS carriers of the XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) gene singly. However, there is a high risk in patients with HIV/AIDS who have the heterozygous genotype and the arginine allele in the WRN (Cys1367Arg) gene singly. Those with WRN (Cys1367Arg) heterozygote genotype showed a high risk of cancer with all genotypes of the XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel de Carvalho Maldonado
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Orlando Nascimento Terra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriano Arnóbio
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Rohem Alfradique
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Ornellas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Dirce Bonfim de Lima
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
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Sud A, Hemminki K, Houlston RS. Candidate gene association studies and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hematol Oncol 2017; 35:34-50. [PMID: 26053036 PMCID: PMC6175040 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the contribution of association studies of candidate polymorphisms to inherited predisposition to Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published case-control studies. Of the variants examined more than once in candidate gene association studies, we identified 21 studies that reported on 12 polymorphic variants in 10 genes. Data were also extracted from a published genome wide association study to allow analysis of an additional 47 variants in a further 30 genes. Promising associations were seen in nine of the variants (p < 0.05). Given that the estimated false positive report probabilities (FPRPs) for all associations are high (i.e. FPRP > 0.2), these findings should be interpreted with caution. While studies of candidate polymorphisms may be an attractive means of identifying risk factors for HL, future studies should employ sample sizes adequately powered to identify variants having only modest effects on HL risk. Furthermore, because of aetiological heterogeneity within HL, stratification of genotyping according to age, tumour Epstein-Barr virus status and histology is essential. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sud
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Kari Hemminki
- German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
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Incidence and time trends of childhood lymphomas: findings from 14 Southern and Eastern European cancer registries and the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results, USA. Cancer Causes Control 2016; 27:1381-1394. [PMID: 27757777 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-016-0817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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29
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Gao S, Zhu G, Lin Y, Fan X, Qian P, Zhu J, Yu Y. Tumor necrosis factor-308 polymorphism with the risk and prognosis of non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a meta-analysis study. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:1657-70. [PMID: 27051301 PMCID: PMC4807942 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s97873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor-308 (TNF-308) was implied to be associated with the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The aim of this meta-analysis study was to investigate the association of TNF-308A polymorphism with the susceptibility to, and prognosis of, NHL. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, HighWire, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched up to May 2015. The association of TNF-308 polymorphism with the risk of NHL and prognosis was assessed by odds ratio and hazard ratio, respectively. Results Overall, TNF-308G>A polymorphism increased the risk of NHL, B-cell lymphomas (BCL), and T-cell lymphomas and decreased the risk of follicular lymphomas. In stratified analysis, increased risk of BCL and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) were observed in Caucasians and population-based studies, whereas decreased risk of NHL, BCL, and DLBCL were detected in Asians and hospital-based studies. Furthermore, pooled results of 1,192 patients with NHL from five studies suggested that TNF-308A was correlated with shorter progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with NHL, BCL, and DLBCL. Conclusion Current evidence indicated that TNF-308A polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk and prognosis of NHL. Future studies should further confirm these associations in other NHL subtypes and ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Gao
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lin
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingliang Fan
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingan Qian
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- Department of Hepatology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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30
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Onea AS, Jazirehi AR. CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CD19 CAR)-redirected adoptive T-cell immunotherapy for the treatment of relapsed or refractory B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:403-24. [PMID: 27186412 PMCID: PMC4859669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovery rates for B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) are up to 70% with current standard-of-care treatments including rituximab (chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) in combination with chemotherapy (R-CHOP). However, patients who do not respond to first-line treatment or develop resistance have a very poor prognosis. This signifies the need for the development of an optimal treatment approach for relapsed/refractory B-NHL. Novel CD19- chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell redirected immunotherapy is an attractive option for this subset of patients. Anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy has already had remarkable efficacy in various leukemias as well as encouraging outcomes in phase I clinical trials of relapsed/refractory NHL. In going forward with additional clinical trials, complementary treatments that may circumvent potential resistance mechanisms should be used alongside anti-CD19 T-cells in order to prevent relapse with resistant strains of disease. Some such supplementary tactics include conditioning with lymphodepletion agents, sensitizing with kinase inhibitors and Bcl-2 inhibitors, enhancing function with multispecific CAR T-cells and CD40 ligand-expressing CAR T-cells, and safeguarding with lymphoma stem cell-targeted treatments. A therapy regimen involving anti-CD19 CAR T-cells and one or more auxiliary treatments could dramatically improve prognoses for patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell NHL. This approach has the potential to revolutionize B-NHL salvage therapy in much the same way rituximab did for first-line treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Onea
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ali R Jazirehi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Los Angeles, CA 90095
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Havranek O, Kleiblova P, Hojny J, Lhota F, Soucek P, Trneny M, Kleibl Z. Association of Germline CHEK2 Gene Variants with Risk and Prognosis of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140819. [PMID: 26506619 PMCID: PMC4624763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The checkpoint kinase 2 gene (CHEK2) codes for the CHK2 protein, an important mediator of the DNA damage response pathway. The CHEK2 gene has been recognized as a multi-cancer susceptibility gene; however, its role in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) remains unclear. We performed mutation analysis of the entire CHEK2 coding sequence in 340 NHL patients using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Identified hereditary variants were genotyped in 445 non-cancer controls. The influence of CHEK2 variants on disease risk was statistically evaluated. Identified CHEK2 germline variants included four truncating mutations (found in five patients and no control; P = 0.02) and nine missense variants (found in 21 patients and 12 controls; P = 0.02). Carriers of non-synonymous variants had an increased risk of NHL development [odds ratio (OR) 2.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.42–5.79] and an unfavorable prognosis [hazard ratio (HR) of progression-free survival (PFS) 2.1; 95% CI 1.12–4.05]. In contrast, the most frequent intronic variant c.319+43dupA (identified in 22% of patients and 31% of controls) was associated with a decreased NHL risk (OR = 0.62; 95% CI 0.45–0.86), but its positive prognostic effect was limited to NHL patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated by conventional chemotherapy without rituximab (HR-PFS 0.4; 94% CI 0.17–0.74). Our results show that germ-line CHEK2 mutations affecting protein coding sequence confer a moderately-increased risk of NHL, they are associated with an unfavorable NHL prognosis, and they may represent a valuable predictive biomarker for patients with DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Havranek
- First Department of Medicine–Department of Hematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (OH); (ZK)
| | - Petra Kleiblova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hojny
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Lhota
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Soucek
- Toxicogenomics Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Trneny
- First Department of Medicine–Department of Hematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kleibl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (OH); (ZK)
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Bradshaw G, Sutherland HG, Camilleri ET, Lea RA, Haupt LM, Griffiths LR. Genetic and epigenetic variants in the MTHFR gene are not associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Meta Gene 2015; 6:91-5. [PMID: 26629414 PMCID: PMC4634355 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene codes for the MTHFR enzyme which plays a key role in the pathway of folate and methionine metabolism. Polymorphisms of genes in this pathway affect its regulation and have been linked to lymphoma. In this study we examined whether we could detect an association between two common non-synonymous MTHFR polymorphisms, 677C > T (rs1801133) and 1298A > C (rs1801131), and susceptibility to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in an Australian case-control cohort. We found no significant differences between genotype or allele frequencies for either polymorphisms between lymphoma cases and controls. We also explored whether epigenetic modification of MTHFR, specifically DNA methylation of a CpG island in the MTHFR promoter region, is associated with NHL using blood samples from patients. No difference in methylation levels was detected between the case and control samples suggesting that although hypermethylation of MTHFR has been reported in tumour tissues, particularly in the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtype of NHL, methylation of this MTHFR promoter CpG island is not a suitable epigenetic biomarker for NHL diagnosis or prognosis in peripheral blood samples. Further studies into epigenetic variants could focus on genes that are robustly associated with NHL susceptibility.
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Key Words
- 1298A > C polymorphism
- 677C > T polymorphism
- Bp, base pairs
- CGIs, CpG Islands
- CIMP, CpG island methylator phenotype
- DLBCL, diffuse large b-cell lymphoma
- DNA methylation
- DNA, deoxyribose nucleic acid
- EDTA, ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid
- FL, follicular lymphoma
- HRM, high resolution melt
- MTHFR
- MTHFR, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
- NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- OR, odds ratio
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RFLP, restriction fragment length polymorphism
- SD, standard deviation
- SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism
- THF, tetrahydrofolate
- WHO, World Health Organisation
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lyn R. Griffiths
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane QLD, Australia.Institute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia
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33
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Nielsen KR, Steffensen R, Bendtsen MD, Rodrigo-Domingo M, Baech J, Haunstrup TM, Bergkvist KS, Schmitz A, Boedker JS, Johansen P, Dybkaeær K, Boeøgsted M, Johnsen HE. Inherited Inflammatory Response Genes Are Associated with B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Risk and Survival. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139329. [PMID: 26448050 PMCID: PMC4598167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant B-cell clones are affected by both acquired genetic alterations and by inherited genetic variations changing the inflammatory tumour microenvironment. METHODS We investigated 50 inflammatory response gene polymorphisms in 355 B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) samples encompassing 216 diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and 139 follicular lymphoma (FL) and 307 controls. The effect of single genes and haplotypes were investigated and gene-expression analysis was applied for selected genes. Since interaction between risk genes can have a large impact on phenotype, two-way gene-gene interaction analysis was included. RESULTS We found inherited SNPs in genes critical for inflammatory pathways; TLR9, IL4, TAP2, IL2RA, FCGR2A, TNFA, IL10RB, GALNT12, IL12A and IL1B were significantly associated with disease risk and SELE, IL1RN, TNFA, TAP2, MBL2, IL5, CX3CR1, CHI3L1 and IL12A were, associated with overall survival (OS) in specific diagnostic entities of B-NHL. We discovered noteworthy interactions between DLBCL risk alleles on IL10 and IL4RA and FL risk alleles on IL4RA and IL4. In relation to OS, a highly significant interaction was observed in DLBCL for IL4RA (rs1805010) * IL10 (rs1800890) (HR = 0.11 (0.02-0.50)). Finally, we explored the expression of risk genes from the gene-gene interaction analysis in normal B-cell subtypes showing a different expression of IL4RA, IL10, IL10RB genes supporting a pathogenetic effect of these interactions in the germinal center. CONCLUSIONS The present findings support the importance of inflammatory genes in B-cell lymphomas. We found association between polymorphic sites in inflammatory response genes and risk as well as outcome in B-NHL and suggest an effect of gene-gene interactions during the stepwise oncogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Alleles
- Female
- Genotype
- Haplotypes
- Humans
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/metabolism
- Interleukin-10 Receptor beta Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-10 Receptor beta Subunit/metabolism
- Interleukin-4/genetics
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Linkage Disequilibrium
- Lymphoma, Follicular/etiology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/genetics
- Lymphoma, Follicular/mortality
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/etiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Odds Ratio
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Risk
- Survival Analysis
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaspar René Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Rudi Steffensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | - John Baech
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Thure Mors Haunstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Alexander Schmitz
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Preben Johansen
- Department of Haematopathology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Karen Dybkaeær
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Martin Boeøgsted
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Hans Erik Johnsen
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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34
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Familial predisposition and genetic risk factors for lymphoma. Blood 2015; 126:2265-73. [PMID: 26405224 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-04-537498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of familial predisposition to lymphoma (collectively defined as non-Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL], Hodgkin lymphoma [HL], and chronic lymphocytic leukemia [CLL]) outside of rare hereditary syndromes has progressed rapidly during the last decade. First-degree relatives of NHL, HL, and CLL patients have an ∼1.7-fold, 3.1-fold, and 8.5-fold elevated risk of developing NHL, HL, and CLL, respectively. These familial risks are elevated for multiple lymphoma subtypes and do not appear to be confounded by nongenetic risk factors, suggesting at least some shared genetic etiology across the lymphoma subtypes. However, a family history of a specific subtype is most strongly associated with risk for that subtype, supporting subtype-specific genetic factors. Although candidate gene studies have had limited success in identifying susceptibility loci, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified 67 single nucleotide polymorphisms from 41 loci, predominately associated with specific subtypes. In general, these GWAS-discovered loci are common (minor allele frequency >5%), have small effect sizes (odds ratios, 0.60-2.0), and are of largely unknown function. The relatively low incidence of lymphoma, modest familial risk, and the lack of a screening test and associated intervention, all argue against active clinical surveillance for lymphoma in affected families at this time.
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Wang J, Mack TM, Hamilton AS, Hwang AE, Nathwani BN, Masood K, Buchanan LH, Bernstein L, Deapen DM, Martínez-Maza O, Cozen W. Common immune-related exposures/conditions and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a case-control study of disease-discordant twin pairs. Am J Epidemiol 2015; 182:417-25. [PMID: 26271116 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the association between common immune system-altering experiences and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk using a case-control study of 162 like-sex twin pairs discordant for NHL, identified from the International Twin Study. Information on medical history and evidence of childhood exposure to microbes was obtained by questionnaire from 1998 to 2002. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Intra-twin-pair agreement between twins on individual exposures was high (76%-97%). A negative association between NHL and seasonal hay fever (odds ratio (OR) = 0.28, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10, 0.75) and certain allergies (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.68) was observed. The number of atopic diseases was negatively associated with NHL (P for trend = 0.0003). A history of infectious mononucleosis was negatively associated with NHL risk (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.90). NHL risk was associated with more frequent childhood exposure to microbes during early life (P for trend = 0.04). No differences in association by NHL subtype were observed, although statistical power for these comparisons was low. These observations support the hypothesis that immune-related exposures, especially atopy, are associated with decreased NHL risk. Use of the within-twin-pair study design mitigates confounding by genome, family structure, and unmeasured characteristics of early childhood factors.
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Risk of familial classical Hodgkin lymphoma by relationship, histology, age, and sex: a joint study from five Nordic countries. Blood 2015; 126:1990-5. [PMID: 26311361 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-04-639781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to provide the familial risk of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) by relationship, histology, age at diagnosis, and sex. A cohort of 57,475 first-degree relatives of 13,922 HL patients diagnosed between 1955 and 2009 in 5 European countries was observed for HL incidence. The overall lifetime cumulative risk (CR) of HL in first-degree relatives of a patient with HL was 0.6%, which represents a threefold (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8-3.9) increased risk over the general population risk. The risk in siblings (6.0-fold; 95% CI, 4.8- to 7.4-fold) was significantly higher than in parents and/or children (2.1-fold; 95% CI, 1.6- to 2.6-fold). Very high lifetime risk of HL was found for those with multiple affected first-degree relatives (13-fold; 95% CI, 2.8- to 39-fold) and for same-sex twins (57-fold; 95% CI, 21- to 125-fold). We found high familial risks between some concordant histologic subtypes of HL such as lymphocyte-rich (81-fold; 95% CI, 30- to 177-fold) and nodular sclerosis (4.6-fold; 95% CI, 2.9- to 7.0-fold) and also between some discordant subtypes. The familial risk in sisters (9.4-fold; 95% CI, 5.9- to 14-fold) was higher than in brothers (4.5-fold; 95% CI, 2.9- to 6.7-fold) or unlike-sex siblings (5.9-fold; 95% CI, 4.3- to 8.1-fold). The lifetime risk of HL was higher when first-degree relatives were diagnosed at early ages (before age 30 years). This study provides tangible absolute risk estimates for relatives of HL patients, which can be used as a sex-, age-, and family history-based risk calculator for classical HL by oncologists and genetic counselors.
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Imai A, Santoro D. Canine atopic dermatitis reduces the risk of multicentric B cell lymphoma. Vet Rec 2015; 176:231. [PMID: 25351233 DOI: 10.1136/vr.102691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Imai
- 81-7 Oyaguchi Kitamachi, Itabashiku, Tokyo 173-0031, Japan
| | - D Santoro
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1008 West Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, Illinois, 61802, USA
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38
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Talaat RM, Abdel-Aziz AM, El-Maadawy EA, Abdel-Bary N. CD38 and Interleukin 6 Gene Polymorphism in Egyptians with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Immunol Invest 2015; 44:265-78. [DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2014.989328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) consists of many histologically and biologically distinct lymphoid malignancies with poorly understood, but possibly distinct, etiologies. The patterns of incidence and time trend vary not only by age, sex, and race/ethnicity in the USA, but also show significant geographic differences, suggesting the potential role of infectious agents, environmental factors, and lifestyle factors in addition to host genetic status in the development of NHL. Important pathogenetic mechanisms include immune modulation and chronic antigen stimulation. Epidemiologic studies in the past two decades have provided intriguing new insights on the possible causes of lymphoma and support the idea that there is some mechanistic commonality of lymphomagenesis, but significant etiologic heterogeneity clearly exists. This review presents a summary of the current understanding of the descriptive epidemiology and etiology of NHL and suggests areas of focus for future epidemiologic research.
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Daly JA, Mortlock SA, Taylor RM, Williamson P. Cluster Analysis of Tumor Suppressor Genes in Canine Leukocytes Identifies Activation State. Bioinform Biol Insights 2015; 9:59-67. [PMID: 27478369 PMCID: PMC4955975 DOI: 10.4137/bbi.s30523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells of the immune system undergo activation and subsequent proliferation in the normal course of an immune response. Infrequently, the molecular and cellular events that underlie the mechanisms of proliferation are dysregulated and may lead to oncogenesis, leading to tumor formation. The most common forms of immunological cancers are lymphomas, which in dogs account for 8%–20% of all cancers, affecting up to 1.2% of the dog population. Key genes involved in negatively regulating proliferation of lymphocytes include a group classified as tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). These genes are also known to be associated with progression of lymphoma in humans, mice, and dogs and are potential candidates for pathological grading and diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to analyze TSG profiles in stimulated leukocytes from dogs to identify genes that discriminate an activated phenotype. A total of 554 TSGs and three gene set collections were analyzed from microarray data. Cluster analysis of three subsets of genes discriminated between stimulated and unstimulated cells. These included 20 most upregulated and downregulated TSGs, TSG in hallmark gene sets significantly enriched in active cells, and a selection of candidate TSGs, p15 (CDKN2B), p18 (CDKN2C), p19 (CDKN1A), p21 (CDKN2A), p27 (CDKN1B), and p53 (TP53) in the third set. Analysis of two subsets suggested that these genes or a subset of these genes may be used as a specialized PCR set for additional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie-Anne Daly
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sally-Anne Mortlock
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Rosanne M Taylor
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Williamson
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
B cell neoplasms comprise >50% of blood cancers. However, many types of B cell malignancies remain incurable. Identification and validation of novel genetic risk factors and oncogenic signaling pathways are imperative for the development of new therapeutic strategies. We and others recently identified TRAF3, a cytoplasmic adaptor protein, as a novel tumor suppressor in B lymphocytes. We found that TRAF3 inactivation results in prolonged survival of mature B cells, which eventually leads to spontaneous development of B lymphomas in mice. Corroborating our findings, TRAF3 deletions and inactivating mutations frequently occur in human B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, and Hodgkin lymphoma. In this context, we have been investigating TRAF3 signaling mechanisms in B cells, and are developing new therapeutic strategies to target TRAF3 downstream signaling pathways in B cell neoplasms. Here we discuss our new translational data that demonstrate the therapeutic potential of targeting TRAF3 downstream signaling pathways in B lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carissa R Moore
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, New Jersey, USA
| | - Shanique Ke Edwards
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, New Jersey, USA ; Graduate Program in Molecular Biosciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, New Jersey, USA ; Member, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, USA
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Voropaeva EN, Voevoda MI, Pospelova TI, Maksimov VN. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotypes of the rs1042522, rs1625895, and rs1787862 markers of TP53 in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Mol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893314050173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Edwards SKE, Baron J, Moore CR, Liu Y, Perlman DH, Hart RP, Xie P. Mutated in colorectal cancer (MCC) is a novel oncogene in B lymphocytes. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:56. [PMID: 25200342 PMCID: PMC4172902 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-014-0056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of novel genetic risk factors is imperative for a better understanding of B lymphomagenesis and for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. TRAF3, a critical regulator of B cell survival, was recently recognized as a tumor suppressor gene in B lymphocytes. The present study aimed to identify novel oncogenes involved in malignant transformation of TRAF3-deficient B cells. Methods We used microarray analysis to identify genes differentially expressed in TRAF3−/− mouse splenic B lymphomas. We employed lentiviral vector-mediated knockdown or overexpression to manipulate gene expression in human multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines. We analyzed cell apoptosis and proliferation using flow cytometry, and performed biochemical studies to investigate signaling mechanisms. To delineate protein-protein interactions, we applied affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry-based sequencing. Results We identified mutated in colorectal cancer (MCC) as a gene strikingly up-regulated in TRAF3-deficient mouse B lymphomas and human MM cell lines. Aberrant up-regulation of MCC also occurs in a variety of primary human B cell malignancies, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and MM. In contrast, MCC expression was not detected in normal or premalignant TRAF3−/− B cells even after treatment with B cell stimuli, suggesting that aberrant up-regulation of MCC is specifically associated with malignant transformation of B cells. In elucidating the functional roles of MCC in malignant B cells, we found that lentiviral shRNA vector-mediated knockdown of MCC induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in human MM cells. Experiments of knockdown and overexpression of MCC allowed us to identify several downstream targets of MCC in human MM cells, including phospho-ERK, c-Myc, p27, cyclin B1, Mcl-1, caspases 8 and 3. Furthermore, we identified 365 proteins (including 326 novel MCC-interactors) in the MCC interactome, among which PARP1 and PHB2 were two hubs of MCC signaling pathways in human MM cells. Conclusions Our results indicate that in sharp contrast to its tumor suppressive role in colorectal cancer, MCC functions as an oncogene in B cells. Our findings suggest that MCC may serve as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in B cell malignancies, including NHL and MM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-014-0056-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Kelly RS, Vineis P. Biomarkers of susceptibility to chemical carcinogens: the example of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Br Med Bull 2014; 111:89-100. [PMID: 25114269 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldu015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic susceptibly to suspected chemical and environmental carcinogens may modify the response to exposure. The aim of this review was to explore the issues involved in the study of gene-environment interactions, and to consider the use of susceptibility biomarkers in cancer epidemiology, using non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) as an example. SOURCES OF DATA PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched for peer-reviewed articles considering biomarkers of susceptibility to chemical, agricultural and industrial carcinogens in the aetiology of NHL. AREAS OF AGREEMENT The results suggest a modifying role for genetic susceptibility to a number of occupational and environmental exposures including organochlorines, chlorinated solvents, chlordanes and benzene in the aetiology of NHL. The potential importance of these gene-environment interactions in NHL may help to explain the lack of definitive carcinogens identified to date for this malignancy. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Although a large number of genetic variants and gene-environment interactions have been explored for NHL, to date replication is lacking and therefore the findings remain to be validated. GROWING POINTS AND AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH These findings highlight the need for novel standardized methodologies in the study of genetic susceptibility to chemical carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK HuGef Foundation, Torino, Italy
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Rendleman J, Antipin Y, Reva B, Adaniel C, Przybylo JA, Dutra-Clarke A, Hansen N, Heguy A, Huberman K, Borsu L, Paltiel O, Ben-Yehuda D, Brown JR, Freedman AS, Sander C, Zelenetz A, Klein RJ, Shao Y, Lacher M, Vijai J, Offit K, Kirchhoff T. Genetic variation in DNA repair pathways and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101685. [PMID: 25010664 PMCID: PMC4092067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular and genetic evidence suggests that DNA repair pathways may contribute to lymphoma susceptibility. Several studies have examined the association of DNA repair genes with lymphoma risk, but the findings from these reports have been inconsistent. Here we provide the results of a focused analysis of genetic variation in DNA repair genes and their association with the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). With a population of 1,297 NHL cases and 1,946 controls, we have performed a two-stage case/control association analysis of 446 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tagging the genetic variation in 81 DNA repair genes. We found the most significant association with NHL risk in the ATM locus for rs227060 (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.13-1.43, p = 6.77×10(-5)), which remained significant after adjustment for multiple testing. In a subtype-specific analysis, associations were also observed for the ATM locus among both diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) and small lymphocytic lymphomas (SLL), however there was no association observed among follicular lymphomas (FL). In addition, our study provides suggestive evidence of an interaction between SNPs in MRE11A and NBS1 associated with NHL risk (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34-0.77, p = 0.0002). Finally, an imputation analysis using the 1,000 Genomes Project data combined with a functional prediction analysis revealed the presence of biologically relevant variants that correlate with the observed association signals. While the findings generated here warrant independent validation, the results of our large study suggest that ATM may be a novel locus associated with the risk of multiple subtypes of NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Rendleman
- NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yevgeniy Antipin
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Boris Reva
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christina Adaniel
- NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Przybylo
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ana Dutra-Clarke
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nichole Hansen
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kety Huberman
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Laetitia Borsu
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ora Paltiel
- Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dina Ben-Yehuda
- Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jennifer R. Brown
- Dana Farber Cancer Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Arnold S. Freedman
- Dana Farber Cancer Center, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chris Sander
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew Zelenetz
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Klein
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yongzhao Shao
- NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mortimer Lacher
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tomas Kirchhoff
- NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sun L, Li M, Huang X, Xu J, Gao Z, Liu C. High-resolution genome-wide analysis identified recurrent genetic alterations in NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, which are associated with disease progression. Med Oncol 2014; 31:71. [PMID: 24952511 PMCID: PMC4079938 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, is an aggressive mature NK-cell/T-cell lymphoma. Using array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) assays, we screened genomic alterations and potential candidate genes implicated in pathogenesis, progression, and prognosis. Our array CGH analysis detected an average of 83 chromosomal aberrations in 13 cases, ranging from 0 to 387. There were 177 recurrent chromosomal gains and 35 recurrent losses. Eleven gains and 14 losses were detected in more than 30 % of the cases, including gains of 3q26.1, 7q34, and 8q24.3 and losses of 15q24.2, 19q13.32, 5p13.2, and 14q21.1. The most common losses were observed in the 15q24.2 and 19q13.32 regions (9 cases, 69.2 %, respectively). Loss of 8p11.23 was associated with significant poor survival (P = 0.024). Five out of six patients with the loss of 8p11.23 died within 8 months after initial diagnosis with a median survival of 6 months. Several candidate genes were identified in the regions with frequent chromosomal aberrations, including ADAM3A (8p11.23) and GSTT1 (22q11.23). In summary, our studies detected recurrent genetic alterations in NK/T-cell lymphoma, some of which are associated with adverse prognosis. Some candidate genes in these regions may be involved in the pathogenesis and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
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Tian T, Wang M, Ma D. TNF-α, a good or bad factor in hematological diseases? Stem Cell Investig 2014; 1:12. [PMID: 27358858 PMCID: PMC4923506 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2306-9759.2014.04.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a highly pleiotropic cytokine involved in a spectrum of physiological processes that control inflammation, anti-tumor responses and homeostasis through two receptors, TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. In general, TNF-R1 mediates cytotoxicity, resistance to infection and stimulation of NF-κB. By contrast, TNF-R2 has been implicated in proliferation of T-cell line, thymocytes and human mononuclear cells. Hematological malignancies are the types of cancer that affect normal hematopoiesis, have a speedy development, high lethal rate and until now still have no effective treatment. Several studies have shown that inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the onset and progress of these diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent studies and evaluate the positive or negative role of TNF-α in some hematological malignancies or diseases with a malignant tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Daoxin Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Suthandiram S, Gan GG, Zain SM, Haerian BS, Bee PC, Lian LH, Chang KM, Ong TC, Mohamed Z. Polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a multi-ethnic population. J Hum Genet 2014; 59:280-7. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2014.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Gouda HM, Khorshied MM, El Sissy MH, Shaheen IAM, Mohsen MMA. Association between matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) promoter polymorphisms and the susceptibility to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Egyptians. Ann Hematol 2014; 93:1313-8. [PMID: 24627195 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-014-2054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases capable of extracellular matrix degradation. MMP2 is the key molecule that control invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis, and has been associated with poor prognosis in several tumors. Several epidemiological studies have focused on the associations between MMP2 promoter polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility; however, little is known about their role in hematological malignancies. The present study aimed to investigate the association of MMP2 -735C/T and -1306C/T promoter polymorphisms with B-NHL susceptibility and their clinicopathological characteristics. The study included 100 B-NHL patients and 100 healthy controls. Genotyping of MMP2 -735C/T and MMP2 -1306C/T was done by polymerase chain reaction restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. MMP2 -735C/T heteromutant genotype (CT) was detected in 23 % of patients, and the homomutant genotype (TT) was detected in 7 % of patients. The polymorphic allele, T allele, was associated with susceptibility to B-NHL (OR = 2.8:95 %CI = 1.48-5.28). For MMP2 -1306C/T, the frequencies of the polymorphic variants were 5 % for the heteromutant genotype (CT) and 3 % for the homomutant genotype (TT). The polymorphic allele, T allele, conferred almost fourfold increased risk of B-NHL (OR = 3.8, 95 %CI = 1.05-13.9), and the risk elevated to be almost eight folds when confined to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (OR = 7.9, 95 %CI = 1.67-32.27). MMP2 -735C/T polymorphic genotypes were correlated with advanced clinical stages of the disease (stages III and IV). In conclusion, the study revealed that the variant alleles of MMP2 -735C/T and MMP2 -1306C/T can be considered as molecular risk factors for B-NHL among Egyptians.
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50
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Yang F, Xiong J, Jia XE, Gu ZH, Shi JY, Zhao Y, Li JM, Chen SJ, Zhao WL. GSTT1 deletion is related to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-induced DNA damage and lymphoma progression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89302. [PMID: 24586676 PMCID: PMC3930712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The interrelationship between genetic susceptibility and carcinogenic exposure is important in cancer development. Polymorphisms in detoxification enzymes of the glutathione-S-transferases (GST) family are associated with an increased incidence of lymphoma. Here we investigated the molecular connection of the genetic polymorphism of GSTT1 to the response of lymphocytes to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In neoplastic situation, GSTT1 deletions were more frequently observed in lymphoma patients (54.9%) than in normal controls (42.0%, P = 0.009), resulting in an increased risk for lymphoma in individuals with GSTT1-null genotype (Odds ratio = 1.698, 95% confidence interval = 1.145-2.518). GSTT1 gene and protein expression were accordingly decreased in GSTT1-deleting patients, consistent with activated profile of cell cycle regulation genes. Mimicking environmental exposure using long-term repeat culture with low-dose PAH metabolite Hydroquinone, malignant B- and T-lymphocytes presented increased DNA damage, pCHK1/MYC expression and cell proliferation, which were counteracted by ectopic expression of GSTT1. Moreover, GSTT1 expression retarded xenograft tumor formation of Hydroquinone-treated lymphoma cells in nude mice. In non-neoplastic situation, when zebrafish was exposed to PAH Benzo(a)pyrene, molecular silencing of gstt1 enhanced the proliferation of normal lymphocytes and upregulated myca expression. Collectively, these findings suggested that GSTT1 deletion is related to genetic predisposition to lymphoma, particularly interacting with environmental pollutants containing PAH.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- DNA Adducts
- DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics
- DNA Damage/drug effects
- DNA Damage/genetics
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genome, Human
- Genotype
- Glutathione Transferase/genetics
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- In Situ Hybridization
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/etiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/etiology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/toxicity
- Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Deletion/genetics
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Young Adult
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/growth & development
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-E Jia
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences and Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Gu
- Shanghai Centre for Systems biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sai-Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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