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Philipova I, Mihaylova R, Momekov G, Angelova R, Stavrakov G. Ferrocene modified analogues of imatinib and nilotinib as potent anti-cancer agents. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:880-889. [PMID: 37252096 PMCID: PMC10211329 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00030c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The unique features of ferrocene and the need for development of targeted anticancer drugs inspired the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of ferrocenyl modified tyrosine kinase inhibitors by replacing the pyridyl moiety in imatinib and nilotinib generalized structures with a ferrocenyl group. A series of seven new ferrocene analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity in a panel of bcr-abl positive human malignant cell lines using imatinib as a reference drug. The metallocenes exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition on malignant cell growth with varying antileukemic activity. The most potent analogues were compounds 9 and 15a showing comparable or even superior efficacy to the reference. Their cancer selectivity indices suggest a favorable selectivity profile, indicating a 250 times higher preferential activity of 15a towards malignantly transformed K-562 cells and an even twice greater one (500) of 9 in the LAMA-84 leukemic model as compared to the normal murine fibroblast cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Philipova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Acad. G. Bontchev str. Bl. 9 1113 Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Rositsa Mihaylova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia Dunav str. 2 Sofia 1000 Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Momekov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia Dunav str. 2 Sofia 1000 Bulgaria
| | - Rostislava Angelova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia Dunav str. 2 Sofia 1000 Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Stavrakov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Acad. G. Bontchev str. Bl. 9 1113 Sofia Bulgaria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia Dunav str. 2 Sofia 1000 Bulgaria
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Mian AA, Haberbosch I, Khamaisie H, Agbarya A, Pietsch L, Eshel E, Najib D, Chiriches C, Ottmann OG, Hantschel O, Biondi RM, Ruthardt M, Mahajna J. Crizotinib acts as ABL1 inhibitor combining ATP-binding with allosteric inhibition and is active against native BCR-ABL1 and its resistance and compound mutants BCR-ABL1 T315I and BCR-ABL1 T315I-E255K. Ann Hematol 2021; 100:2023-2029. [PMID: 34110462 PMCID: PMC8285356 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Resistance remains the major clinical challenge for the therapy of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) leukemia. With the exception of ponatinib, all approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are unable to inhibit the common "gatekeeper" mutation T315I. Here we investigated the therapeutic potential of crizotinib, a TKI approved for targeting ALK and ROS1 in non-small cell lung cancer patients, which inhibited also the ABL1 kinase in cell-free systems, for the treatment of advanced and therapy-resistant Ph+ leukemia. By inhibiting the BCR-ABL1 kinase, crizotinib efficiently suppressed growth of Ph+ cells without affecting growth of Ph- cells. It was also active in Ph+ patient-derived long-term cultures (PD-LTCs) independently of the responsiveness/resistance to other TKIs. The efficacy of crizotinib was confirmed in vivo in syngeneic mouse models of BCR-ABL1- or BCR-ABL1T315I-driven chronic myeloid leukemia-like disease and in BCR-ABL1-driven acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although crizotinib binds to the ATP-binding site, it also allosterically affected the myristol binding pocket, the binding site of GNF2 and asciminib (former ABL001). Therefore, crizotinib has a seemingly unique double mechanism of action, on the ATP-binding site and on the myristoylation binding pocket. These findings strongly suggest the clinical evaluation of crizotinib for the treatment of advanced and therapy-resistant Ph+ leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar Ali Mian
- Department of Hematology, Division of Cancer and Genetics, and Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC), Medical School, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.,Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Hazem Khamaisie
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal-Galilee Technology Center, PO Box 831, 11016, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Abed Agbarya
- Oncology Department, Bnai Zion MC, Haifa, Israel
| | - Larissa Pietsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinic of Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elizabeh Eshel
- Hematology Institute, Ziv Medical Center, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Zfat, Israel
| | - Dally Najib
- Hematology Institute, Ziv Medical Center, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Zfat, Israel
| | - Claudia Chiriches
- Department of Hematology, Division of Cancer and Genetics, and Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC), Medical School, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Oliver Gerhard Ottmann
- Department of Hematology, Division of Cancer and Genetics, and Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC), Medical School, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Oliver Hantschel
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology Center, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ricardo M Biondi
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinic of Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany.,Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Ruthardt
- Department of Hematology, Division of Cancer and Genetics, and Experimental Clinical Medical Center (ECMC), Medical School, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal-Galilee Technology Center, PO Box 831, 11016, Kiryat Shmona, Israel. .,The Department of Nutritional Sciences, Tel Hai Academic College, Kiryat Shmona, Israel.
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The functional interplay between the t(9;22)-associated fusion proteins BCR/ABL and ABL/BCR in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphatic leukemia. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005144. [PMID: 25919613 PMCID: PMC4412790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The hallmark of Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) leukemia is the BCR/ABL kinase, which is successfully targeted by selective ATP competitors. However, inhibition of BCR/ABL alone is unable to eradicate Ph+ leukemia. The t(9;22) is a reciprocal translocation which encodes not only for the der22 (Philadelphia chromosome) related BCR/ABL, but also for der9 related ABL/BCR fusion proteins, which can be detected in 65% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and 100% of patients with Ph+ acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL). ABL/BCRs are oncogenes able to influence the lineage commitment of hematopoietic progenitors. Aim of this study was to further disclose the role of p96ABL/BCR for the pathogenesis of Ph+ ALL. The co-expression of p96ABL/BCR enhanced the kinase activity and as a consequence, the transformation potential of p185BCR/ABL. Targeting p96ABL/BCR by RNAi inhibited growth of Ph+ ALL cell lines and Ph+ ALL patient-derived long-term cultures (PD-LTCs). Our in vitro and in vivo stem cell studies further revealed a functional hierarchy of p96ABL/BCR and p185BCR/ABL in hematopoietic stem cells. Co-expression of p96ABL/BCR abolished the capacity of p185BCR/ABL to induce a CML-like disease and led to the induction of ALL. Taken together our here presented data reveal an important role of p96ABL/BCR for the pathogenesis of Ph+ ALL. The t(9;22) is a reciprocal translocation, which causes chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and a subset of high risk acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL). The derivative chromosome 22 is the so called Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) which encodes the BCR/ABL kinase. Targeting BCR/ABL by selective ATP competitors, such as imatinib or nilotinib, is a well validated therapeutic concept, but unable to definitively eradicate the disease. Little is known about the role of the fusion protein encoded by the reciprocal derivative chromosome 9, the ABL/BCR. In models of Ph+ ALL we show that the functional interplay between ABL/BCR and BCR/ABL not only increases the transformation potential of BCR/ABL but is also indispensable for the growth and survival of Ph+ ALL leukemic cells. The presence of ABL/BCR changed the phenotype of the leukemia most likely due to its capacity to influence the stem cell population as shown by our in vivo data. Taken together our here presented data reveal an important role of p96ABL/BCR for the pathogenesis of Ph+ ALL.
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Khateb M, Ruimi N, Khamisie H, Najajreh Y, Mian A, Metodieva A, Ruthardt M, Mahajna J. Overcoming Bcr-Abl T315I mutation by combination of GNF-2 and ATP competitors in an Abl-independent mechanism. BMC Cancer 2012. [PMID: 23186157 PMCID: PMC3561207 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Philadelphia positive leukemias are characterized by the presence of Bcr-Abl fusion protein which exhibits an abnormal kinase activity. Selective Abl kinase inhibitors have been successfully established for the treatment of Ph (+) leukemias. Despite high rates of clinical response, Ph (+) patients can develop resistance against these kinase inhibitors mainly due to point mutations within the Abl protein. Of special interest is the ‘gatekeeper’ T315I mutation, which confers complete resistance to Abl kinase inhibitors. Recently, GNF-2, Abl allosteric kinase inhibitor, was demonstrated to possess cellular activity against Bcr-Abl transformed cells. Similarly to Abl kinase inhibitors (AKIs), GNF-2 failed to inhibit activity of mutated Bcr-Abl carrying the T315I mutation. Methods Ba/F3 cells harboring native or T315I mutated Bcr-Abl constructs were treated with GNF-2 and AKIs. We monitored the effect of GNF-2 with AKIs on the proliferation and clonigenicity of the different Ba/F3 cells. In addition, we monitored the auto-phosphorylation activity of Bcr-Abl and JAK2 in cells treated with GNF-2 and AKIs. Results In this study, we report a cooperation between AKIs and GNF-2 in inhibiting proliferation and clonigenicity of Ba/F3 cells carrying T315I mutated Bcr-Abl. Interestingly, cooperation was most evident between Dasatinib and GNF-2. Furthermore, we showed that GNF-2 was moderately active in inhibiting the activity of JAK2 kinase, and presence of AKIs augmented GNF-2 activity. Conclusions Our data illustrated the ability of allosteric inhibitors such as GNF-2 to cooperate with AKIs to overcome T315I mutation by Bcr-Abl-independent mechanisms, providing a possibility of enhancing AKIs efficacy and overcoming resistance in Ph+ leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamduh Khateb
- Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Galilee Technology Center, Migal, P.O.Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
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