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Capasso S, Cardiero G, Musollino G, Prezioso R, Testa R, Dembech S, Piluso G, Nigro V, Digilio FA, Lacerra G. Functional analysis of three new alpha-thalassemia deletions involving MCS-R2 reveals the presence of an additional enhancer element in the 5' boundary region. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010727. [PMID: 37216374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We report three novel deletions involving the Multispecies Conserved Sequences (MCS) R2, also known as the Major Regulative Element (MRE), in patients showing the α-thalassemia phenotype. The three new rearrangements showed peculiar positions of the breakpoints. 1) The (αα)ES is a telomeric 110 kb deletion ending inside the MCS-R3 element. 2) The (αα)FG, 984 bp-long, ends 51 bp upstream to MCS-R2; both are associated with a severe α-thalassemia phenotype. 3) The (αα)CT, 5058 bp-long starts at position +93 of MCS-R2 and is the only one associated to a mild α-thalassemia phenotype. To understand the specific role of different segments of the MCS-R2 element and of its boundary regions we carried out transcriptional and expression analysis. Transcriptional analysis of patients' reticulocytes showed that (αα)ES was unable to produce α2-globin mRNA, while a high level of expression of the α2-globin genes (56%) was detected in (αα)CT deletion, characterized by the presence of the first 93 bp of MCS-R2. Expression analysis of constructs containing breakpoints and boundary regions of the deletions (αα)CT and (αα)FG, showed comparable activity both for MCS-R2 and the boundary region (-682/-8). Considering that the (αα)CT deletion, almost entirely removing MCS-R2, has a less severe phenotype than the (αα)FG α0thalassemia deletion, removing both MCS-R2 almost entirely and an upstream 679 bp, we infer for the first time that an enhancer element must exist in this region that helps to increase the expression of the α-globin genes. The genotype-phenotype relationship of other previously published MCS-R2 deletions strengthened our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Capasso
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso" (IGB-ABT), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cardiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso" (IGB-ABT), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Musollino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso" (IGB-ABT), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Romeo Prezioso
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso" (IGB-ABT), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Testa
- A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dembech
- Central analysis laboratory, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giulio Piluso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - F Anna Digilio
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-CNR), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Lacerra
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso" (IGB-ABT), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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Panichchob P, Iamdeelert P, Wongsariya P, Wongsariya P, Wongwattanasanti P, Tepakhan W, Jomoui W. Molecular Spectrum of β-Thalassemia Mutations in Central to Eastern Thailand. Hemoglobin 2021; 45:97-102. [PMID: 33966551 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2021.1924193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the molecular spectrum of β-thalassemia (β-thal) mutations in eastern Thailand. We identified β-thal mutations using allele specific-polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR) and direct DNA sequencing. We found 18 different β-thal mutations in a total of 191 unrelated subjects. Six common β-thal mutations comprised 86.91% of all the mutations, including codons 41/42 (-TTCT) (HBB: c.126_129delCTTT) (35.60%), codon 17 (A>T) (HBB: c.52A>T) (18.85%), -28 (A>G) (HBB: c.-78A>G) (15.71%), IVS-II-654 (C>T) (HBB: c.316-197C>T) (6.28%), IVS-I-1 (G>T) (HBB: c.92+1G>T) (5.76%) and codon 19 (A>G) (HBB:(c.59A>G) (4.71%). In addition, a novel 60 kb deletion in two unrelated cases was characterized and initially suspected to originate from eastern Thailand. Moreover, we demonstrated the molecular spectrum of recent β-thal mutations in Thailand, and data from this study were compared with five reference laboratory centers in Thailand. This study is the first to identify the comprehensive molecular spectrum of β-thal mutations in eastern Thailand, information that may be essential for screening, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis (PND) in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapaporn Panichchob
- Department of Pathology, Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
| | | | - Putita Wongsariya
- Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Wanicha Tepakhan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Wittaya Jomoui
- Department of Pathology, Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
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Jomoui W, Tepakhan W. Characterization and identification of Prachinburi β 0 -thalassemia: A novel-60 kb deletion in beta globin gene related to high levels of Hb F in heterozygous state. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 43:O200-O203. [PMID: 33734585 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wittaya Jomoui
- Department of Pathology, Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
| | - Wanicha Tepakhan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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Waye JS, Hanna M, Hohenadel BA, Nakamura L, Walker L, Eng B. Characterization of Two Novel Deletions Involving the 5' Region of the β-Globin Gene. Hemoglobin 2017; 41:239-242. [PMID: 29182041 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2017.1397015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We report two novel β-thalassemia (β-thal) deletions involving the 5' region of the β-globin gene (HBB). The first deletion spans 538 bp and removes the β-globin promoter, 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) and most of exon 1. This deletion was identified in a 3-year-old Vietnamese boy with non transfusion dependent Hb E (HBB: c.79G>A)/β0-thal. The second deletion spans 1517 bp and removes the β-globin gene promoter, 5'UTR, and exons 1 and 2. This deletion was identified in two unrelated adults of European descent who had β-thal trait with unusually high Hb A2 levels. Deletions such as these are generally associated with higher levels of Hb A2 and Hb F than typical β-thal alleles, which may ameliorate the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Waye
- a Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program , Hamilton Health Sciences , Hamilton , ON , Canada.,b Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine , McMaster University , Hamilton , ON , Canada
| | - Meredith Hanna
- a Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program , Hamilton Health Sciences , Hamilton , ON , Canada
| | - Betty-Ann Hohenadel
- a Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program , Hamilton Health Sciences , Hamilton , ON , Canada
| | - Lisa Nakamura
- a Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program , Hamilton Health Sciences , Hamilton , ON , Canada
| | - Lynda Walker
- a Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program , Hamilton Health Sciences , Hamilton , ON , Canada
| | - Barry Eng
- a Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program , Hamilton Health Sciences , Hamilton , ON , Canada
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Han L, Su H, Wu H, Jiang W, Chen S. Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Thalassemia in Uygur and Kazak Ethnic Groups in Xinjiang, Northwest China. Hemoglobin 2016; 40:179-86. [DOI: 10.3109/03630269.2016.1146618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Prakobkaew N, Fucharoen S, Fuchareon G, Siriratmanawong N. Phenotypic expression of Hb F in common high Hb F determinants in Thailand: roles ofα-thalassemia, 5′ δ-globin BCL11A binding region and 3′ β-globin enhancer. Eur J Haematol 2013; 92:73-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nattaphol Prakobkaew
- The Graduate School; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Supan Fucharoen
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Goonnapa Fuchareon
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
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