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Yang M, Tang Y, Zhu P, Lu H, Wan X, Guo Q, Xiao L, Liu C, Guo L, Liu W, Yang Y. The advances of E2A-PBX1 fusion in B-cell acute lymphoblastic Leukaemia. Ann Hematol 2023:10.1007/s00277-023-05595-7. [PMID: 38148344 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The E2A-PBX1 gene fusion is a common translocation in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Patients harbouring the E2A-PBX1 fusion gene typically exhibit an intermediate prognosis. Furthermore, minimal residual disease has unsatisfactory prognostic value in E2A-PBX1 B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. However, the mechanism of E2A-PBX1 in the occurrence and progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is not well understood. Here, we mainly review the roles of E2A and PBX1 in the differentiation and development of B lymphocytes, the mechanism of E2A-PBX1 gene fusion in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and the potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Yang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanhui Tang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Lu
- The Second Hospital, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohong Wan
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - You Yang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- The Second Hospital, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Mata-Rocha M, Rangel-López A, Jimenez-Hernandez E, Nuñez-Enríquez JC, Morales-Castillo BA, Sánchez-Escobar N, Sepúlveda-Robles OA, Bravata-Alcántara JC, Nájera-Cortés AS, Pérez-Saldivar ML, Flores-Lujano J, Duarte-Rodríguez DA, Oviedo de Anda NA, Romero Tlalolini MDLA, Alaez Verson C, Martín-Trejo JA, Muñoz Medina JE, Gonzalez-Bonilla CR, Hernandez Cueto MDLA, Bekker-Méndez VC, Jiménez-Morales S, Medina-Sansón A, Amador-Sánchez R, Peñaloza-González JG, Torres-Nava JR, Espinosa-Elizondo RM, Cortés-Herrera B, Flores-Villegas LV, Merino-Pasaye LE, Gutierrez-Rivera MDL, Velazquez-Aviña MM, Santillan-Juarez JD, Gurrola-Silva A, Hernández Echáurregui GA, Hidalgo-Miranda A, Arellano Galindo J, Rosas-Vargas H, Mejía-Aranguré JM. Low Prevalence of ETV6::RUNX1 Fusion Gene in a Hispanic Population. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:837656. [PMID: 35685921 PMCID: PMC9171364 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.837656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ETV6::RUNX1 is a genetic rearrangement of good prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In Mexico, its prevalence is low in comparison with Caucasian populations. We developed a novel TaqMan one-step RT-qPCR approach to assess the prevalence of four genetic rearrangements in a cohort of Hispanic children with ALL from Mexico City. The prevalence of common fusion gene transcripts was as follows: TCF3::PBX1 7.7%; BCR::ABL1p 190 3.3%; and KMT2A::AFF1 2.8%, and ETV6::RUNX1was observed with low prevalence (10.5%) in comparison to that reported for developed countries. This is consistent with previous findings on Mexican children with ALL and similar to those reported on children from Hispanic populations. The confirmation of a low prevalence of ETV6::RUNX1 in children of a Hispanic origin represents an advancement in the description of genetic factors of ALL in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Mata-Rocha
- CONACyT-Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Genetica Humana, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angelica Rangel-López
- Coordinacion de Investigacion en Salud, Unidad Habilitada de Apoyo al Predictamen, Centro Medico Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elva Jimenez-Hernandez
- Servicio de Hematologia Pediatrica, Hospital General “Gaudencio González Garza”, Centro Medico Nacional (CMN) “La Raza”, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Nuñez-Enríquez
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Blanca Angélica Morales-Castillo
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norberto Sánchez-Escobar
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, UABJO, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Omar Alejandro Sepúlveda-Robles
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Bravata-Alcántara
- Laboratorio de Genética y Diagnóstico Molecular, Hospital Juárez de México, Secretaría de Salud (SSa), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alan Steve Nájera-Cortés
- Laboratorio de Genética y Diagnóstico Molecular, Hospital Juárez de México, Secretaría de Salud (SSa), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Pérez-Saldivar
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janet Flores-Lujano
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Aldebarán Duarte-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Carmen Alaez Verson
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alfonso Martín-Trejo
- Servicio de Hematologia, UMAE Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose Esteban Muñoz Medina
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Maria de los Angeles Hernandez Cueto
- Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, División de Laboratorios de Vigilancia e Investigación Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - VC. Bekker-Méndez
- UIM en Inmunología e Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza”, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Genomica del Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aurora Medina-Sansón
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raquel Amador-Sánchez
- Servicio de Hematologia Pediatrica, Hospital General Regional “Carlos McGregor Sanchez Navarro”, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - José Refugio Torres-Nava
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Pediatrico de Moctezuma, Secretaria de Salud de la Ciudad de Mexico (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Beatriz Cortés-Herrera
- Servicio de Hematologia Pediatrica, Hospital General de Mexico, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alma Gurrola-Silva
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Regional Tipo B de Alta Especialidad Bicentenario de la Independencia, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Genomica del Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Arellano Galindo
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Virologia Clínica y Experimental, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Haydeé Rosas-Vargas
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Genomica del Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Oumerzouk J, Zbitou A, Raissi A, Yahyaoui H, Louhab N, Khatouri A, Kissani N. Neurological relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia mimicking COVID-19associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome. PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY JOURNAL 2022. [PMCID: PMC9124610 DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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He GQ, Guo X, Jiang MY, Xu RR, Dai YL, Luo L, Gao J. Co-occurrence of TCF3-PBX1 gene fusion, and chromosomal aberration in a pediatric pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with clitoris swelling: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24802. [PMID: 33663097 PMCID: PMC7909158 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Clitoris swelling as the initial clinical presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is extremely rare. These patients may be misdiagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia or solid tumor, and the main treatment can also be delayed. PATIENT CONCERNS A 2.10-year-old girl was referred to the pediatric surgery clinic with a worsening onset of clitoris swellings. The patient was afebrile and well appearing. Multiple retroperitoneal mass were confirmed by computed tomography (CT) and high serum neuron-specific enolase level was high. She was scheduled for an abdominal biopsy from the retroperitoneal mass suspicious of neuroblastoma. DIAGNOSES The child was eventually diagnosed as having precursor B cell ALL with central nervous system involved, with TCF3-PBX1 fusion gene and additional chromosomal aberrations, based on examinations of the bone marrow and brain magnetic resonance imaging. INTERVENTIONS Before the diagnosis of leukemia, the patient was given symptomatic treatment for 1 week. She was treated with chemotherapy in accordance with the Chinese Children's Cancer Group protocol 2015 after confirmed diagnosis. OUTCOMES After induction chemotherapy for ALL, although the girl had transiently clinical remission, the bone marrow aspirate indicated a poor outcome. Our patient discontinued treatment and discharged. From literature review, there was only 1 case of in acute myeloid leukemia with clitoris swelling as the initial symptom. LESSONS The clinical symptoms of ALL with clitoris swelling are not typical, with a high rate of misdiagnosis. When the cause of clitoris swelling is unknown, ALL should be considered. Bone marrow aspiration must be done before doing a more invasive investigation like biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-qian He
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education
- Department of Pediatrics
| | - Xia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education
- Department of Pediatrics
| | - Ming-yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education
- Department of Pediatrics
| | - Rong-rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yi-ling Dai
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education
- Department of Pediatrics
| | - Lili Luo
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education
- Department of Pediatrics
| | - Ju Gao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education
- Department of Pediatrics
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Ikonomidou C. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Childhood Leukemias. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030438. [PMID: 33498882 PMCID: PMC7866046 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) in childhood leukemias remains a major cause of treatment failures. Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid constitutes the most important diagnostic pillar in the detection of CNS leukemia and relies primarily on cytological and flow-cytometry studies. With increasing survival rates, it has become clear that treatments for pediatric leukemias pose a toll on the developing brain, as they may cause acute toxicities and persistent neurocognitive deficits. Preclinical research has demonstrated that established and newer therapies can injure and even destroy neuronal and glial cells in the brain. Both passive and active cell death forms can result from DNA damage, oxidative stress, cytokine release, and acceleration of cell aging. In addition, chemotherapy agents may impair neurogenesis as well as the function, formation, and plasticity of synapses. Clinical studies show that neurocognitive toxicity of chemotherapy is greatest in younger children. This raises concerns that, in addition to injury, chemotherapy may also disrupt crucial developmental events resulting in impairment of the formation and efficiency of neuronal networks. This review presents an overview of studies demonstrating that cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers can be utilized in tracing both CNS disease and neurotoxicity of administered treatments in childhood leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthy Ikonomidou
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Lenk L, Alsadeq A, Schewe DM. Involvement of the central nervous system in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: opinions on molecular mechanisms and clinical implications based on recent data. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:173-187. [PMID: 31970588 PMCID: PMC7098933 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. One of the major clinical challenges is adequate diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in this disease. Intriguingly, there is little solid evidence on the mechanisms sustaining CNS disease in ALL. Here, we present and discuss recent data on this topic, which are mainly derived from preclinical model systems. We thereby highlight sites and routes of leukemic CNS infiltration, cellular features promoting infiltration and survival of leukemic cells in a presumably hostile niche, and dormancy as a potential mechanism of survival and relapse in CNS leukemia. We also focus on the impact of ALL cytogenetic subtypes on features associated with a particular CNS tropism. Finally, we speculate on new perspectives in the treatment of ALL in the CNS, including ideas on the impact of novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Lenk
- Department of Pediatrics I, ALL-BFM Study Group, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ameera Alsadeq
- Institute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Denis M Schewe
- Department of Pediatrics I, ALL-BFM Study Group, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
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Zhou F, Wen Y, Jin R, Chen H. New attempts for central nervous infiltration of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 38:657-671. [PMID: 31820149 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cure rate of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the commonest childhood cancer, has been sharply improved and reached almost 90% ever since the central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy proposed in the 1960s. However, relapse, particularly in the central nervous system (CNS), is still a common cause of treatment failure. Up to now, the classic CNS-directed treatment for CNS leukemia (CNSL) has been aslant from cranial radiation to high-dose system chemotherapy plus intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy for the serious side effects of cranial radiation. The neurotoxic effects of chemotherapy and IT chemotherapy have been reported in recent years as well. For better prevention and treatment of CNSL, plenty of studies have tried to improve the detection sensitivity for CNSL and prevent CNSL from happening by targeting cytokines and chemokines which could be key factors for the traveling of ALL cells into the CNS. Other studies also have aimed to completely kill ALL cells (including dormant cells) in the CNS by promoting the entering of chemotherapy drugs into the CNS or targeting the components of the CNS niche which could be in favor of the survival of ALL cells in CNS. The aim of this review is to discuss the imperfection of current diagnostic methods and treatments for CNSL, as well as new attempts which could be significant for better elimination of CNSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Runming Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Mikhael NL, Seif H Gendi MA, Hassab H, Megahed EA. Evaluation of multiplexed biomarkers in assessment of CSF infiltration in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Hematol Oncol 2019; 8:IJH22. [PMID: 31850146 PMCID: PMC6912847 DOI: 10.2217/ijh-2019-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a very common pediatric malignancy with high survival rates. The course of treatment is modified according to the occurrence of central nervous system (CNS) disease. Aim: To relate serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of five biomarkers (matrix metalloprotienase 9, CCL-2, sVCAM-1, IFN-γ and inducible protein 10) at diagnosis to the development of CNS infiltration. Methods: The present study was carried on 64 children with ALL and 20 controls. Multiplexed cytokines were measured by Luminex technology (Matrix metalloprotienase 9, CCL-2, sVCAM-1, IFN-γ and inducible protein 10). Results: Significantly higher sMMP-9 and lower sCCL2 were found in patients who developed CNS leukemia. Conclusion: Serum multiplexed parameters at diagnosis of childhood ALL may predict of development of CNS leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neveen L Mikhael
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Myriam Abo Seif H Gendi
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda Hassab
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elshaymaa A Megahed
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Ma J, Yin B, Shi JY, Lin YS, Duan SJ, Shi B, Jia ZL. Exon sequencing reveals that missense mutation of PBX1 gene may increase the risk of non-syndromic cleft lip/palate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:2691-2698. [PMID: 31934099 PMCID: PMC6949560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-syndromic oral cleft (NSOC) is one of the most common multifactorial birth defects. A previous animal study showed PBX1 gene knockout mice consequently exhibited complete cleft lip/palate (CL/P). However, little is known about the association between PBX1 and NSOC in humans. This study investigated the role of the PBX1 gene in NSOC in the Han Chinese population. METHODS In all, 287 NSOCs were recruited for this study. First, exons in the PBX1 gene were sequenced among 50 non-syndromic cleft lip and palate cases to screen for variations by the Sanger sequencing method. Then, we selected four SNPs to replicate among 237 NSOC trios and analyzed the data by using TDT and parent of origin effect methods. RESULTS Exon sequencing identified six variants of the PBX1 gene. Among them, four variants were common variants. TDT analysis revealed allele G at rs2275558 and allele T at rs3835581 were over-transmitted in NSCL/P (P=0.039 and 0.038, respectively), which could increase the risk for NSCL/P. Parent of origin effect analysis indicated that allele G at rs2275558 was paternally over-transmitted for NSCL/P (P=0.0091). CONCLUSION This is the first report that the PBX1 gene is associated with NSCL/P, which indicates that it is a promising candidate gene for NSCL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Province, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
| | - Jia-Yu Shi
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, USA
| | - Yan-Song Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
| | - Zhong-Lin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
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10
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Lin A, Cheng FWT, Chiang AKS, Luk CW, Li RCH, Ling ASC, Cheuk DKL, Chang KO, Ku D, Lee V, Ha SY, Li CK. Excellent outcome of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with TCF3-PBX1 rearrangement in Hong Kong. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e27346. [PMID: 30051646 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to review clinical outcomes and prognosis of paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) with TCF3-PBX1 rearrangement. PATIENTS All children in Hong Kong diagnosed with ALL with TCF3-PBX1 rearrangement over the past two decades were included. METHODS Six hundred and twenty-four newly diagnosed patients with ALL from four consecutive studies were enrolled from 1997 to 2016. Patients carrying TCF3-PBX1 rearrangement and patients at intermediate risk without the gene expression were compared for clinical characteristics, overall survival and event-free survival (EFS). RESULTS The TCF3-PBX1 rearrangement was detected in 30 of 624 patients (4.8%). Results were consistent across the consecutive clinical trials employed in the past two decades. Compared with 239 intermediate risk patients without TCF3-PBX1 rearrangement, the 5-year overall survival and EFS for patients with TCF3-PBX1 rearrangement was superior, with both at 100% (P = 0.12 and P = 0.029). CONCLUSION This population-based study over the past 20 years demonstrated that patients with TCF3-PBX1 rearrangement had favourable EFS compared with other intermediate risk patients treated with a similar chemotherapy backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lin
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Frankie W T Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alan K S Chiang
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Wing Luk
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rever C H Li
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alvin S C Ling
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel K L Cheuk
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-On Chang
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis Ku
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shau-Yin Ha
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Kong Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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IL7R is associated with CNS infiltration and relapse in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2018; 132:1614-1617. [PMID: 30154115 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-04-844209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Zheng PP, Kros JM, Li J. Approved CAR T cell therapies: ice bucket challenges on glaring safety risks and long-term impacts. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:1175-1182. [PMID: 29501911 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies (Kymriah™ and Yescarta™) were recently approved by the FDA. Kymriah™ is for the treatment of pediatric patients and young adults with refractory or relapse (R/R) B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Yescarta™ is for the treatment of adult patients with R/R large B cell lymphoma. In common, both are CD19-specific CAR T cell therapies lysing CD19-positive targets. Their dramatic efficacy in the short term has been highlighted by many media reports. By contrast, their glaring safety gaps behind the miracles remain much less addressed. Here, we focus on addressing the crucial challenges in relation to the gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Pin Zheng
- Drug Toxicity Research, Erasmus Medical Center, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, The Netherlands.
| | - Johan M Kros
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Characteristics and Therapeutic Targeting of Minimal Residual Disease in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1100:127-139. [PMID: 30411264 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-97746-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Early response to therapy, especially the measurement of minimal residual disease (MRD), remains the most reliable and strongest independent prognostic parameter. Intriguingly, little is known on the mechanisms sustaining MRD in that disease. Here, we summarize existing evidence on the influences of molecular genetics and clonal architecture of childhood ALL on disease persistence. Also, the impact of the leukemic niche on residual leukemia cells in the bone marrow and extramedullary compartments is reviewed. We further discuss existing in vivo models of minimal residual disease based on different cellular labelling strategies and engraftment of ALL cells in immunodeficient mouse strains. We finally draw some conclusions on potential strategies targeting residual ALL cells, with a focus on cellular and antibody-based immunotherapy.
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