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Kim JH, Koh IC, Kim H, Lim SY, Choi JH, Kwon KY. Superficial Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Rearranged Myxoid Spindle Cell Neoplasm in the Buttock: A Case Report. J Pers Med 2024; 14:858. [PMID: 39202049 PMCID: PMC11355891 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14080858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is detected in both normal and oncological developmental tissues. Among ALK-related tumors, superficial ALK-rearranged myxoid spindle cell neoplasm (SAMS) is a rare, soft tissue tumor characterized by the immunophenotypical co-expression of CD34 and S100. Here, we describe a patient with this rare tumor and outline its clinical and radiological characteristics. A 28-year-old woman with diabetes, hypertension, and panic disorder presented with discomfort caused by a rubbery mass on the left buttock that had persisted for 10 years. Computed tomography revealed a multilobulated hypodense mass with small internal enhancing foci, posing challenges for the exact diagnosis of the lesion. The entire lesion was excised with clear resection margins. An 8.0 × 6.0 cm, well-circumscribed tumor with a lobular growth pattern was observed in the deep subcutaneous tissue. Light microscopy revealed epithelioid, ovoid, and spindle-shaped cells with a reticular cordlike pattern. Immunohistochemistry results were positive for S100, CD34, and vimentin. Break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization assay results for ALK were also positive. These findings were consistent with those of SAMS. This case suggests that SAMS should be considered when identifying large nonspecific masses during clinical and imaging evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hyup Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Konyang, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chang Koh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Konyang, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Konyang, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Lim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Konyang, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hyuk Choi
- Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Young Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Konyang, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
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Mularoni V, Donati B, Tameni A, Manicardi V, Reggiani F, Sauta E, Zanelli M, Tigano M, Vitale E, Torricelli F, Ascani S, Martino G, Inghirami G, Sanguedolce F, Ruffini A, Bavieri A, Luminari S, Pizzi M, Dei Tos AP, Fesce C, Neri A, Ciarrocchi A, Fragliasso V. Long non-coding RNA mitophagy and ALK-negative anaplastic lymphoma-associated transcript: a novel regulator of mitophagy in T-cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2023; 108:3333-3346. [PMID: 37381763 PMCID: PMC10690924 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are emerging as powerful and versatile regulators of transcriptional programs and distinctive biomarkers of progression of T-cell lymphoma. Their role in the aggressive anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative (ALK-) subtype of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has been elucidated only in part. Starting from our previously identified ALCL-associated lncRNA signature and performing digital gene expression profiling of a retrospective cohort of ALCL, we defined an 11 lncRNA signature able to discriminate among ALCL subtypes. We selected a not previously characterized lncRNA, MTAAT, with preferential expression in ALK- ALCL, for molecular and functional studies. We demonstrated that lncRNA MTAAT contributes to an aberrant mitochondrial turnover restraining mitophagy and promoting cellular proliferation. Functionally, lncRNA MTAAT acts as a repressor of a set of genes related to mitochondrial quality control via chromatin reorganization. Collectively, our work demonstrates the transcriptional role of lncRNA MTAAT in orchestrating a complex transcriptional program sustaining the progression of ALK- ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mularoni
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia
| | - Benedetta Donati
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia
| | - Annalisa Tameni
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia
| | - Veronica Manicardi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia
| | - Francesca Reggiani
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia
| | - Elisabetta Sauta
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42123
| | - Marco Tigano
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19144
| | - Emanuele Vitale
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine Ph.D. Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, 41125
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni
| | - Giovanni Martino
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; Institute of Hematology and CREO, University of Perugia, Perugia 06129
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065
| | | | - Alessia Ruffini
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia
| | - Alberto Bavieri
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia
| | - Stefano Luminari
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia
| | - Marco Pizzi
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova
| | - Cinzia Fesce
- Hematology Unit, University Hospital, 71122 Foggia
| | - Antonino Neri
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Umberto I 50, 42123, Reggio Emilia
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia
| | - Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123, Reggio Emilia.
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3
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Wang X, Zhang M, Xiong XQ, Yang H, Wang P, Zhang K, Awadasseid A, Narva S, Wu YL, Zhang W. Design, synthesis and bioactivity of novel naphthalimide-benzotriazole conjugates against A549 cells via targeting BCL2 G-quadruplex and inducing autophagy. Life Sci 2022; 302:120651. [PMID: 35597548 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, a series of novel naphthalimide-benzotriazole conjugates (1a-3c) based on 1, 8-naphthalimide as a core skeleton, aiming at G-quadruplexes, were designed and synthesized, and their anti-cancer activity and mechanism were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the CCK-8 assay, FRET melting, EMSA, CD, and molecular docking, intracellular assays, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. KEY FINDINGS By the CCK-8 assay, it was found that the compound, 2-(3-(piperazin-1-yl)propyl)-6-(1H-benzo [d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione (3a), has better activity against A549 cells. Through extracellular assays, including FRET melting, EMSA, CD, and molecular docking, results showed that 3a selectively interacted with BCL2 G-quadruplex(es). Further studies by intracellular assays, including western blotting, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, etc., verified that 3a mediated the death of A549 cells by two pathways: inhibition of the expression of the BCL2 gene, causing tumor cell apoptosis, and promotion of genetic instability, causing autophagy. This study suggests that the type of compounds, in particular, 3a, may be a potential molecule to explore for BCL2 G-quadruplex-targeted drugs against lung cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings demonstrate that compound 3a as a BCL2 G-quadruplex ligand induces DNA damage, autophagy, and apoptosis in A549 cells. This study provides us with a type of lead compound as an anti-tumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xu-Qiong Xiong
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Koutian Zhang
- Zhejiang Jianing Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Annoor Awadasseid
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Suresh Narva
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Lab of Molecular Immunology, Virus Inspection Department, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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4
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Lu C, Yu R, Zhang C, Lin C, Dou Y, Wu D, Pan Y, Peng T, Tang H, Han R, He Y. Protective autophagy decreases lorlatinib cytotoxicity through Foxo3a-dependent inhibition of apoptosis in NSCLC. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:221. [PMID: 35459209 PMCID: PMC9033765 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lorlatinib is a promising third-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that has been approved for treating ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with previous ALK-TKI treatment failures. However, the inevitable emergence of acquired resistance limits its long-term efficacy. A more comprehensive understanding of the acquired resistance mechanisms to lorlatinib will enable the development of more efficacious therapeutic strategies. The efficacy of chloroquine (CQ) in combination with lorlatinib in ALK-positive NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo was assessed using CCK-8, colony formation, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis, western blot analysis, and xenograft implantation. Here, we show that lorlatinib induced apoptosis and protective autophagy in ALK-positive NSCLC cells. However, the protective autophagy can gradually lead to decreased cytotoxicity of loratinib in ALK-positive NSCLC cells. Meanwhile, we found that the combination of lorlatinib and CQ, an inhibitor of autophagy, inhibited autophagy and promoted apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, which sensitized cells to lorlatinib through the dephosphorylation of Foxo3a and promoted nuclear translocation, then activation of Foxo3a/Bim axis. Taken together, our results suggest that inhibition of protective autophagy might be a therapeutic target for delaying the occurrence of acquired resistance to lorlatinib in ALK-positive NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Yu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyao Dou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonghong Pan
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yong He
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China.
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5
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Gupta S, Panda PK, Hashimoto RF, Samal SK, Mishra S, Verma SK, Mishra YK, Ahuja R. Dynamical modeling of miR-34a, miR-449a, and miR-16 reveals numerous DDR signaling pathways regulating senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis in HeLa cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4911. [PMID: 35318393 PMCID: PMC8941124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08900-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfection of tumor suppressor miRNAs such as miR-34a, miR-449a, and miR-16 with DNA damage can regulate apoptosis and senescence in cancer cells. miR-16 has been shown to influence autophagy in cervical cancer. However, the function of miR-34a and miR-449a in autophagy remains unknown. The functional and persistent G1/S checkpoint signaling pathways in HeLa cells via these three miRNAs, either synergistically or separately, remain a mystery. As a result, we present a synthetic Boolean network of the functional G1/S checkpoint regulation, illustrating the regulatory effects of these three miRNAs. To our knowledge, this is the first synthetic Boolean network that demonstrates the advanced role of these miRNAs in cervical cancer signaling pathways reliant on or independent of p53, such as MAPK or AMPK. We compared our estimated probability to the experimental data and found reasonable agreement. Our findings indicate that miR-34a or miR-16 may control senescence, autophagy, apoptosis, and the functional G1/S checkpoint. Additionally, miR-449a can regulate just senescence and apoptosis on an individual basis. MiR-449a can coordinate autophagy in HeLa cells in a synergistic manner with miR-16 and/or miR-34a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Gupta
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - Pritam Kumar Panda
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ronaldo F Hashimoto
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Shailesh Kumar Samal
- Unit of Immunology and Chronic Disease, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suman Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Suresh Kr Verma
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Rajeev Ahuja
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.
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6
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Wang Y, He J, Xu M, Xue Q, Zhu C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Shi W. Holistic View of ALK TKI Resistance in ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:815654. [PMID: 35211406 PMCID: PMC8862178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.815654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed at early stages of normal development and in various cancers including ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL), in which it is the main therapeutic target. ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK TKIs) have greatly improved the prognosis of ALK+ALCL patients, but the emergence of drug resistance is inevitable and limits the applicability of these drugs. Although various mechanisms of resistance have been elucidated, the problem persists and there have been relatively few relevant clinical studies. This review describes research progress on ALK+ ALCL including the application and development of new therapies, especially in relation to drug resistance. We also propose potential treatment strategies based on current knowledge to inform the design of future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Manyu Xu
- Department of Clinical Biobank, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qingfeng Xue
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cindy Zhu
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Nantong University School of Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenyu Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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7
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The Dual Role of Autophagy in Crizotinib-Treated ALK + ALCL: From the Lymphoma Cells Drug Resistance to Their Demise. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102517. [PMID: 34685497 PMCID: PMC8533885 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been described as harboring a dual role in cancer development and therapy. Depending on the context, it can exert either pro-survival or pro-death functions. Here, we review what is known about autophagy in crizotinib-treated ALK+ ALCL. We first present our main findings on the role and regulation of autophagy in these cells. Then, we provide literature-driven hypotheses that could explain mechanistically the pro-survival properties of autophagy in crizotinib-treated bulk and stem-like ALK+ ALCL cells. Finally, we discuss how the potentiation of autophagy, which occurs with combined therapies (ALK and BCL2 or ALK and RAF1 co-inhibition), could convert it from a survival mechanism to a pro-death process.
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8
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Arosio G, Sharma GG, Villa M, Mauri M, Crespiatico I, Fontana D, Manfroni C, Mastini C, Zappa M, Magistroni V, Ceccon M, Redaelli S, Massimino L, Garbin A, Lovisa F, Mussolin L, Piazza R, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Mologni L. Synergistic Drug Combinations Prevent Resistance in ALK+ Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174422. [PMID: 34503232 PMCID: PMC8431561 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite success of targeted therapy, cancer cells very often find a way to survive treatment; this eventually causes a tumor to relapse. In a particular type of lymphoma carrying a specific chromosomal rearrangement named anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), selective drugs targeting the cause of the disease can induce spectacular remission of chemotherapy-resistant cancer. However, the lymphoma relapses again in about half of the cases, leaving no therapeutic options. We studied the possibility to combine two simultaneous treatments in order to prevent the relapse, starting from the hypothesis that acquiring resistance to two drugs at the same time is statistically very unlikely. We demonstrate that treating lymphoma cells with drug combinations has superior efficacy in comparison with single drug treatments, both in cell cultures and in mice. Abstract Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive (ALK+) anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by expression of the oncogenic NPM/ALK fusion protein. When resistant or relapsed to front-line chemotherapy, ALK+ ALCL prognosis is very poor. In these patients, the ALK inhibitor crizotinib achieves high response rates, however 30–40% of them develop further resistance to crizotinib monotherapy, indicating that new therapeutic approaches are needed in this population. We here investigated the efficacy of upfront rational drug combinations to prevent the rise of resistant ALCL, in vitro and in vivo. Different combinations of crizotinib with CHOP chemotherapy, decitabine and trametinib, or with second-generation ALK inhibitors, were investigated. We found that in most cases combined treatments completely suppressed the emergence of resistant cells and were more effective than single drugs in the long-term control of lymphoma cells expansion, by inducing deeper inhibition of oncogenic signaling and higher rates of apoptosis. Combinations showed strong synergism in different ALK-dependent cell lines and better tumor growth inhibition in mice. We propose that drug combinations that include an ALK inhibitor should be considered for first-line treatments in ALK+ ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Arosio
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Geeta G. Sharma
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
- Department Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Matteo Villa
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Mario Mauri
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Ilaria Crespiatico
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Diletta Fontana
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Chiara Manfroni
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Cristina Mastini
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Marina Zappa
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Vera Magistroni
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Monica Ceccon
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Sara Redaelli
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Luca Massimino
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
- Department Gastroenterology, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Garbin
- Department Women’s and Children’s Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (F.L.); (L.M.)
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Lovisa
- Department Women’s and Children’s Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (F.L.); (L.M.)
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Lara Mussolin
- Department Women’s and Children’s Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (F.L.); (L.M.)
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Fondazione Città della Speranza, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (G.A.); (G.G.S.); (M.V.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (D.F.); (C.M.); (C.M.); (M.Z.); (V.M.); (M.C.); (S.R.); (L.M.); (R.P.); (C.G.-P.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Li Z, Ma J, Kuang Z, Jiang Y. β-Asarone Attenuates Aβ-Induced Neuronal Damage in PC12 Cells Overexpressing APPswe by Restoring Autophagic Flux. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:701635. [PMID: 34393783 PMCID: PMC8355419 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.701635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory damage and cognitive dysfunction. Studies have shown that defective autophagic flux is associated with neuronal dysfunction. Modulating autophagic activity represents a potential method of combating AD. In Chinese medicine, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma is used to treat dementia and amnesia. β-Asarone, an active component of this rhizome can protect PC12 cells from Aβ-induced injury and modulate expression of autophagy factors. However, its cytoprotective mechanisms have yet to be discerned. It is unclear whether β-asarone affects autophagic flux and, if it does, whether this effect can alleviate Aβ cell damage. In the present study, we constructed APPswe-overexpressing PC12 cell line as a cell model of Aβ-induced damage and assessed expression of autophagic flux-related proteins as well as the number and morphology of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Our results show that β-asarone decreases the expression levels of Beclin-1, p62, LC3-Ⅱ, and Aβ1-42. β-Asarone reduced the number of autophagosomes and increased the number of autolysosomes, as determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Our results suggest that β-asarone can protect PC12 cells from Aβ-induced damage by promoting autophagic flux, which may be achieved by enhancing autophagosome-lysosome fusion and/or lysosome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwan Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Ma
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongsheng Kuang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Schläfli AM, Tokarchuk I, Parejo S, Jutzi S, Berezowska S, Engedal N, Tschan MP. ALK inhibition activates LC3B-independent, protective autophagy in EML4-ALK positive lung cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9011. [PMID: 33907223 PMCID: PMC8079437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ALK inhibitors effectively target EML4-ALK positive non-small cell lung cancer, but their effects are hampered by treatment resistance. In the present study, we asked whether ALK inhibition affects autophagy, and whether this may influence treatment response. Whereas the impact of targeted therapies on autophagic activity previously have been assessed by surrogate marker proteins such as LC3B, we here thoroughly examined effects on functional autophagic activity, i.e. on the sequestration and degradation of autophagic cargo, in addition to autophagic markers. Interestingly, the ALK inhibitor Ceritinib decreased mTOR activity and increased GFP-WIPI1 dot formation in H3122 and H2228 EML4-ALK+ lung cancer cells, suggesting autophagy activation. Moreover, an mCherry-EGFP-LC3B based assay indicated elevated LC3B carrier flux upon ALK inhibition. In accordance, autophagic cargo sequestration and long-lived protein degradation significantly increased upon ALK inhibition. Intriguingly, autophagic cargo flux was dependent on VPS34 and ULK1, but not LC3B. Co-treating H3122 cells with Ceritinib and a VPS34 inhibitor or Bafilomycin A1 resulted in reduced cell numbers. Moreover, VPS34 inhibition reduced clonogenic recovery of Ceritinib-treated cells. In summary, our results indicate that ALK inhibition triggers LC3B-independent macroautophagic flux in EML4-ALK+ cells to support cancer cell survival and clonogenic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Schläfli
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Igor Tokarchuk
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Parejo
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Jutzi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sabina Berezowska
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nikolai Engedal
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mario P Tschan
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Kuravi S, Cheng J, Fangman G, Polireddy K, McCormick S, Lin TL, Singh AK, Abhyankar S, Ganguly S, Welch DR, Jensen RA, McGuirk JP, Balusu R. Preclinical Evaluation of Gilteritinib on NPM1-ALK-Driven Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:913-920. [PMID: 33514657 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. More than three-fourths of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive ALCL cases express the nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1)-ALK fusion gene as a result of t(2;5) chromosomal translocation. The homodimerization of NPM1-ALK fusion protein mediates constitutive activation of the chimeric tyrosine kinase activity and downstream signaling pathways responsible for lymphoma cell proliferation and survival. Gilteritinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of FMS-like tyrosine kinase mutation-positive acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time gilteritinib-mediated growth inhibitory effects on NPM1-ALK-driven ALCL cells. We utilized a total of five ALCL model cell lines, including both human and murine. Gilteritinib treatment inhibits NPM1-ALK fusion kinase phosphorylation and downstream signaling, resulting in induced apoptosis. Gilteritinib-mediated apoptosis was associated with caspase 3/9, PARP cleavage, the increased expression of proapoptotic protein BAD, and decreased expression of antiapoptotic proteins, survivin and MCL-1. We also found downregulation of fusion kinase activity resulted in decreased c-Myc protein levels. Furthermore, cell-cycle analysis indicated gilteritinib induced G0-G1-phase cell-cycle arrest and reduced CD30 expression. In summary, our preclinical studies explored the novel therapeutic potential of gilteritinib in the treatment of ALCL cells expressing NPM1-ALK and potentially in other ALK or ALK fusion-driven hematologic or solid malignancies. IMPLICATIONS: Our preclinical results explore the use of gilteritinib for the treatment of NPM1-ALK-driven ALCL cells and pave a path for developing future clinical trials. VISUAL OVERVIEW: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/19/5/913/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakiranmayi Kuravi
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Janice Cheng
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | | - Kishore Polireddy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sophia McCormick
- Biospecimen Repository Core Facility, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Tara L Lin
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Anurag K Singh
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sunil Abhyankar
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Siddhartha Ganguly
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Danny R Welch
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Roy A Jensen
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Joseph P McGuirk
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Ramesh Balusu
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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12
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Crizotinib Resistance Mediated by Autophagy Is Higher in the Stem-Like Cell Subset in ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, and This Effect Is MYC-Dependent. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020181. [PMID: 33430343 PMCID: PMC7825760 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously it was shown that autophagy contributes to crizotinib resistance in ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK + ALCL). We asked if autophagy is equally important in two distinct subsets of ALK + ALCL, namely Reporter Unresponsive (RU) and Reporter Responsive (RR), of which RR cells display stem-like properties. Autophagic flux was assessed with a fluorescence tagged LC3 reporter and immunoblots to detect endogenous LC3 alongside chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor. The stem-like RR cells displayed significantly higher autophagic response upon crizotinib treatment. Their exaggerated autophagic response is cytoprotective against crizotinib, as inhibition of autophagy using chloroquine or shRNA against BECN1 or ATG7 led to a decrease in their viability. In contrast, autophagy inhibition in RU resulted in minimal changes. Since the differential protein expression of MYC is a regulator of the RU/RR dichotomy and is higher in RR cells, we asked if MYC regulates the autophagy-mediated cytoprotective effect. Inhibition of MYC in RR cells using shRNA significantly blunted crizotinib-induced autophagic response and effectively suppressed this cytoprotective effect. In conclusion, stem-like RR cells respond with rapid and intense autophagic flux which manifests with crizotinib resistance. For the first time, we have highlighted the direct role of MYC in regulating autophagy and its associated chemoresistance phenotype in ALK + ALCL stem-like cells.
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Vega-Rubín-de-Celis S, Kinch L, Peña-Llopis S. Regulation of Beclin 1-Mediated Autophagy by Oncogenic Tyrosine Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239210. [PMID: 33287140 PMCID: PMC7729755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Beclin 1 is a major regulator of autophagy, and it is a core component of the class III PI3K complexes. Beclin 1 is a highly conserved protein and its function is regulated in a number of ways, including post-translational modifications. Several studies indicate that receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases regulate autophagy activity in cancer, and some suggest the importance of Beclin 1 tyrosine phosphorylation in this process. Here we summarize the current knowledge of the mechanism whereby some oncogenic tyrosine kinases regulate autophagy through Beclin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vega-Rubín-de-Celis
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence: or
| | - Lisa Kinch
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Samuel Peña-Llopis
- Translational Genomics in Solid Tumors, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
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14
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Sorrentino D, Frentzel J, Mitou G, Blasco RB, Torossian A, Hoareau-Aveilla C, Pighi C, Farcé M, Meggetto F, Manenti S, Espinos E, Chiarle R, Giuriato S. High Levels of miR-7-5p Potentiate Crizotinib-Induced Cytokilling and Autophagic Flux by Targeting RAF1 in NPM-ALK Positive Lymphoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102951. [PMID: 33066037 PMCID: PMC7650725 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas are a pediatric disease, which still needs treatment improvement. Crizotinib was the first ALK-targeted inhibitor used in clinics, but relapses are now known to occur. Current research efforts indicate that combined therapies could represent a superior strategy to eradicate malignant cells and prevent tumor recurrence. Autophagy is a self-digestion cellular process, known to be induced upon diverse cancer therapies. Our present work demonstrates that the potentiation of the crizotinib-induced autophagy flux, through the serine/threonine kinase RAF1 downregulation, drives ALK+ ALCL cells to death. These results should encourage further investigations on the therapeutic modulation of autophagy in this particular cancer settings and other ALK-related malignancies. Abstract Anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALK+ ALCL) are an aggressive pediatric disease. The therapeutic options comprise chemotherapy, which is efficient in approximately 70% of patients, and targeted therapies, such as crizotinib (an ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)), used in refractory/relapsed cases. Research efforts have also converged toward the development of combined therapies to improve treatment. In this context, we studied whether autophagy could be modulated to improve crizotinib therapy. Autophagy is a vesicular recycling pathway, known to be associated with either cell survival or cell death depending on the cancer and therapy. We previously demonstrated that crizotinib induced cytoprotective autophagy in ALK+ lymphoma cells and that its further intensification was associated with cell death. In line with these results, we show here that combined ALK and Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma 1 (RAF1) inhibition, using pharmacological (vemurafenib) or molecular (small interfering RNA targeting RAF1 (siRAF1) or microRNA-7-5p (miR-7-5p) mimics) strategies, also triggered autophagy and potentiated the toxicity of TKI. Mechanistically, we found that this combined therapy resulted in the decrease of the inhibitory phosphorylation on Unc-51-like kinase-1 (ULK1) (a key protein in autophagy initiation), which may account for the enforced autophagy and cytokilling effect. Altogether, our results support the development of ALK and RAF1 combined inhibition as a new therapeutic approach in ALK+ ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sorrentino
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (R.B.B.); (C.P.); (R.C.)
- Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, équipe labellisée 2016, F-31037 Toulouse, France
- European Research Initiative on ALK-related malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Julie Frentzel
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
- Merck Serono S.A., Department of Biotechnology Process Sciences, Route de Fenil 25, Z.I. B, 1804 Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland
| | - Géraldine Mitou
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Rafael B. Blasco
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (R.B.B.); (C.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Avédis Torossian
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Coralie Hoareau-Aveilla
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
| | - Chiara Pighi
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (R.B.B.); (C.P.); (R.C.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Manon Farcé
- Pôle Technologique du CRCT—Plateau de Cytométrie et Tri cellulaire—INSERM U1037, F-31037 Toulouse, France;
| | - Fabienne Meggetto
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
- European Research Initiative on ALK-related malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stéphane Manenti
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
- Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, équipe labellisée 2016, F-31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Espinos
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
- European Research Initiative on ALK-related malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (R.B.B.); (C.P.); (R.C.)
- European Research Initiative on ALK-related malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Sylvie Giuriato
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037—Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier—CNRS ERL5294, F-31037 Toulouse, France; (D.S.); (J.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.); (C.H.-A.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (E.E.)
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (R.B.B.); (C.P.); (R.C.)
- Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, équipe labellisée 2016, F-31037 Toulouse, France
- European Research Initiative on ALK-related malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- TRANSAUTOPHAGY: European Network for Multidisciplinary Research and Translation of Autophagy Knowledge, COST Action CA15138, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(5)-82-74-16-35
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15
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A novel ALK inhibitor ZYY inhibits Karpas299 cell growth in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model and induces protective autophagy. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 383:114781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Therapeutic Modulation of Autophagy in Leukaemia and Lymphoma. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020103. [PMID: 30704144 PMCID: PMC6406467 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematopoiesis is a tightly orchestrated process where a pool of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with high self-renewal potential can give rise to both lymphoid and myeloid lineages. The HSPCs pool is reduced with ageing resulting in few HSPC clones maintaining haematopoiesis thereby reducing blood cell diversity, a phenomenon called clonal haematopoiesis. Clonal expansion of HSPCs carrying specific genetic mutations leads to increased risk for haematological malignancies. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that hematopoietic tumours develop in higher frequency in elderly people. Unfortunately, elderly patients with leukaemia or lymphoma still have an unsatisfactory prognosis compared to younger ones highlighting the need to develop more efficient therapies for this group of patients. Growing evidence indicates that macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is essential for health and longevity. This review is focusing on the role of autophagy in normal haematopoiesis as well as in leukaemia and lymphoma development. Attenuated autophagy may support early hematopoietic neoplasia whereas activation of autophagy in later stages of tumour development and in response to a variety of therapies rather triggers a pro-tumoral response. Novel insights into the role of autophagy in haematopoiesis will be discussed in light of designing new autophagy modulating therapies in hematopoietic cancers.
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