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Barszcz K, Goździewska-Harłajczuk K, Czopowicz M, Chłopecka M, Polguj M, Klećkowska-Nawrot J. Morphometry and topography of the coronary ostia in the dog. J Vet Res 2023; 67:471-478. [PMID: 37786844 PMCID: PMC10541670 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2023-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to perform a morphometric examination of the coronary ostia, including their location in the area of the aortic sinuses, and to describe variations in ostia structure in the domestic dog. Material and Methods The study was conducted on the hearts of 91 pedigree dogs of both sexes, aged 1 to 18 years (median 9 years), with a body weight from 1.2 to 65 kg (median 20.7 kg). Morphometric examinations of the coronary ostia were performed in the studied individuals, and the location of the structures in relation to the intercommissural lines was determined. Results Three types of location of the coronary ostia were distinguished, i.e. below the intercommissural line (type I), on the intercommissural line (type II), and above the intercommissural line (type III). In the studied dogs, the most common location of the ostia was type I - found in the left coronary artery of 74/91 dogs (81%) and in the right coronary artery of 42/91 dogs (46%). Morphological variations were shown in 36/91 dogs (40%) in the structure of the coronary ostia, including the presence of accessory ostia. The most common variation was the presence of an accessory ostium near the ostium of the right coronary artery, which was found in 28/91 dogs (31%). Conclusion The results may be useful in developing standards for procedures to replace the whole or part of the aortic valve and repair the coronary artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Barszcz
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776Warszawa, Poland
| | - Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-631Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Czopowicz
- Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776Warszawa, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chłopecka
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786Warszawa, Poland
| | - Michał Polguj
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-631Wrocław, Poland
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Barszcz K, Kupczyńska M, Polguj M, Klećkowska-Nawrot J, Janeczek M, Goździewska-Harłajczuk K, Dzierzęcka M, Janczyk P. Morphometry of the coronary ostia and the structure of coronary arteries in the shorthair domestic cat. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186177. [PMID: 29020103 PMCID: PMC5636138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure the area of the coronary ostia, assess their localization in the coronary sinuses and to determine the morphology of the stem of the left and right coronary arteries in the domestic shorthair cat. The study was conducted on 100 hearts of domestic shorthair cats of both sexes, aged 2-18 years, with an average body weight of 4.05 kg. A morphometric analysis of the coronary ostia was carried out on 52 hearts. The remaining 48 hearts were injected with a casting material in order to carry out a morphological assessment of the left and right coronary arteries. In all the studied animals, the surface of the left coronary artery ostium was larger than the surface of the right coronary artery ostium. There were four types of the left main coronary artery: type I (23 animals, 49%)-double-branched left main stem (giving off the left circumflex branch and the interventricular paraconal branch, which in turn gave off the septal branch), type II (12 animals, 26%)-double-branched left main stem (giving off the left circumflex branch and the interventricular paraconal branch without the septal branch), type III (11 animals, 23%)-triple-branched left main stem (giving off the left circumflex branch, interventricular branch and the septal branch, type IV (1 animal, 2%)-double-branched left main stem (giving off the interventricular paraconal branch and the left circumflex branch, which in turn gave off the septal branch). The left coronary artery ostium is greater than the right one. There is considerable diversity in the branches of proximal segment of the left coronary artery, while the right coronary artery is more conservative. These results can be useful in defining the optimal strategies in the endovascular procedures involving the coronary arteries or the aortic valve in the domestic shorthair cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Barszcz
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kupczyńska
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Polguj
- Department of Angiology, Interfaculty Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Łódź, Narutowicza 60, Łódź, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 1/3, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Janeczek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 1/3, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 1/3, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dzierzęcka
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Janczyk
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Koserstrasse 20, Berlin, Germany
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He ZF, Zhang WM, Lutter G, Quaden R, Cremer J, Cai XJ. In vitro study of coronary flow occlusion in transcatheter aortic valve implantation. J Thorac Dis 2015; 6:1772-7. [PMID: 25589972 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.12.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been developed recently for patients with high morbidities and who are believed to be not tolerate standard surgical aortic valve replacement. Nevertheless, the TAVI is associated with complications such as potential obstruction of coronary ostia, mitral valve insufficiency, and stent migration although it seems promising. Impairment of the coronary blood flow after TAVI is catastrophic and it was believed to be associated with the close position of the coronary orifice and the aortic leaflets and valve stent. However, few data was available as to the anatomic relationship between valve stent and aortic root anatomic structures including the coronary arterial ostia, aortic leaflets. METHODS The aortic roots were observed in 40 hearts specimens. The width of aortic leaflet, height of aortic sinus annulus to the sinutubular junction (STJ), distance between aortic sinus annulus to its corresponding coronary ostia, and coronary arterial ostia to its corresponding STJ level were measured. Moreover, the relationships of valve stent, aortic leaflets and coronary ostia before/post stent implantation and after the open of aorta were evaluated respectively. RESULTS Approximate three quarters of the coronary ostia were located below the STJ level. The mean distances from left, right and posterior aortic sinus annulus to the related STJ level was comparable, which was 18.5±2.7, 18.9±2.6, 18.7±2.6 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the height of left and right aortic sinus annulus to its corresponding coronary ostia was 16.6±2.8 and 17.2±3.1 mm for left and right side respectively. CONCLUSIONS Most of the coronary ostia were located below the STJ level and could be covered by the leaflets. This highlights the need of modified stents to prevent occlusion of coronary flow after TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Fu He
- 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China ; 2 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University Of Kiel, Kiel, Germany ; 3 Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Wei-Ming Zhang
- 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China ; 2 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University Of Kiel, Kiel, Germany ; 3 Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - George Lutter
- 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China ; 2 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University Of Kiel, Kiel, Germany ; 3 Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Rene Quaden
- 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China ; 2 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University Of Kiel, Kiel, Germany ; 3 Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jochen Cremer
- 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China ; 2 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University Of Kiel, Kiel, Germany ; 3 Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Cai
- 1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China ; 2 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University Of Kiel, Kiel, Germany ; 3 Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
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