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Oumarou Hama H, Boualam MA, Levasseur A, Ardagna Y, Adalian P, Chaix AC, Drancourt M. Old World Medieval Treponema pallidum Complex Treponematosis: A Case Report. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:503-510. [PMID: 37440462 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Introduction of 1 Treponema pallidum complex pathogen in naive European populations following the return of Christopher Columbus' troops from Central America in 1493 is a central dogma in venereology. METHODS Among skeletal elements from the seventh or eighth century uncovered in Roquevaire, France, individual RS-1003 femur macroscopically suspected of having an infectious disease was investigated by means of paleoautoimmunohistochemistry, direct metagenomics, and paleoserology, along with 1 control femur from an apparently healthy individual (R-1003) and experimental negative controls. RESULTS RS-1003 femur showed infectious bone; paleoautoimmunohistochemistry of the lesions led to microscopic detection of a T. pallidum complex pathogen. Phylogenetic analyses comprising 71 T. pallidum complex-specific reads covering 2.37% of the T. pallidum subsp. pallidum reference genome sequence revealed an ancestral T. pallidum complex pathogen in the lesion. Paleoserology detecting T. pallidum-specific antigens confirmed positive serological findings in individual RS-1003. Individual R-1003 and the negative controls remained negative. CONCLUSIONS This case, predating by 8 centuries previous detections of T. pallidum complex treponematosis in Europe, indicated that European populations were not naive to these pathogens before the 1493 introduction of a Central American T. pallidum complex pathogen overwhelming the T. pallidum ones previously circulating in the Old World. These data break a century-old dogma in medical microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamadou Oumarou Hama
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, MEPHI, Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Mahmoud A Boualam
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, MEPHI, Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, MEPHI, Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Yann Ardagna
- Aix-Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Etablissement Français du Sang, Anthropologie, Droit, Ethique et Santé, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Adalian
- Aix-Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Etablissement Français du Sang, Anthropologie, Droit, Ethique et Santé, Marseille, France
| | - Annie-Claire Chaix
- Association pour la Sauvegarde du Patrimoine Historique et Culturel de la Commune de Roquevaire, Roquevaire, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, MEPHI, Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Chan MF, Moges F, Major D, Buss R, Biswas A. Calvarial Lytic Lesions in Neurosyphilis with Ocular Involvement. IDCases 2022; 27:e01408. [PMID: 35145857 PMCID: PMC8802858 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of calvarial lytic lesions in neurosyphilis with ocular involvement. A 42-year-old woman with a past medical history of polysubstance abuse presented with recent bilateral vision loss. CT revealed numerous calvarial lytic lesions and multiple myeloma was initially suspected. Syphilis screening with RPR and confirmative CSF studies were positive for active infection. The patient was treated with Penicillin G and demonstrated clinical improvement. The objective of this study was to provide insight into a rare manifestation of syphilis with osseous involvement and encourage further discourse into establishment of standards of care for syphilitic osteomyelitis. There exist no evidence-based guidelines regarding optimal treatment route and duration, role of bone biopsy, determination of therapeutic impact, and threshold for surgical intervention in the management of syphilitic osteomyelitis. A patient with neurosyphilis was found to have numerous calvarial lytic lesions. Syphilis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for lytic lesions. Expedited treatment with Penicillin resulted in clinical improvement. Guidelines for management of syphilitic osteomyelitis need to be established.
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Seong GH, Lee J, Choi SW, Hong Y, Son MJ, Shim JW, Kim JY, Kang SY. An Isolated Skull Lesion in Syphilis. Headache 2018; 58:1122-1124. [PMID: 29781128 DOI: 10.1111/head.13319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Hun Seong
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Choi
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yooha Hong
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Jin Son
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Won Shim
- Department of Pathology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Yun Kang
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
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Rare Case of Four Osseous Lesions of the Skull in a Patient with Secondary Syphilis. Case Rep Infect Dis 2018; 2018:3148758. [PMID: 29854502 PMCID: PMC5964437 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3148758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Syphilis can present as primary, secondary, tertiary, or congenital. It can have an effect on many different organ systems and tissues leading to a wide variety of symptoms and complications; one rare manifestation is bone involvement. The patient in this case was diagnosed with secondary and early neurosyphilis and was also found to have skull lesions that were due to Treponema pallidum. There are guidelines for the treatment of primary, secondary, tertiary, and congenital syphilis; however, there are currently no guidelines for the treatment of syphilis with bone involvement.
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LOPEZ BELÉN, LOPEZ-GARCIA JOSÉMANUEL, COSTILLA SERAFÍN, GARCIA-VAZQUEZ EVA, DOPICO EDUARDO, PARDIÑAS ANTONIOF. Treponemal disease in the Old World? Integrated palaeopathological assessment of a 9th–11th century skeleton from north-central Spain. ANTHROPOL SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1537/ase.170515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- BELÉN LOPEZ
- Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo
| | - JOSÉ MANUEL LOPEZ-GARCIA
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo
| | - SERAFÍN COSTILLA
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Oviedo
| | - EVA GARCIA-VAZQUEZ
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo
| | - EDUARDO DOPICO
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, Facultad Formación Profesorado y Educación, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo
| | - ANTONIO F. PARDIÑAS
- Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo
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Ali R, Perez-Downes J, Baidoun F, Al Turk B, Isache C, Mohan G, Perniciaro C. Challenges in Treating Secondary Syphilis Osteitis in an Immunocompromised Patient with a Penicillin Allergy: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Infect Dis 2016; 2016:4983504. [PMID: 27313920 PMCID: PMC4903138 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4983504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that remains fairly commonplace. The introduction of penicillin aided in curbing the incidence of disease; however, with the advent of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis is now on a resurgence with sometimes curious presentations. We present a case of a 36-year-old Caucasian gentleman with untreated HIV who complained of a skin eruption and joint pains for 6 weeks, prompting the diagnosis of secondary syphilis osteitis. Skin lesions were reminiscent of "malignant" syphilis. CD4 count was 57 cells/μL. RPR was elevated with 1 : 64 titer and positive confirmatory TP-PA. Radiography of the limbs revealed polyostotic cortical irregularities corroborated on bone scintigraphy. The patient had an unknown penicillin allergy and was unwilling to conduct a trial of penicillin-based therapy. He was subsequently treated with doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 6 weeks and commenced antiretroviral therapy, noting dramatic improvement in both the skin lesions and joint pains. Unfortunately, he defaulted on follow-up, precluding serial RPR and bone imaging. Penicillin allergies have proven to be quite a conundrum in such patients, without much recourse for alternative therapy. Doxycycline with/without azithromycin is other options worth considering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida-Jacksonville, 655 W 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Julio Perez-Downes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida-Jacksonville, 655 W 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Firas Baidoun
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida-Jacksonville, 655 W 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Bashar Al Turk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida-Jacksonville, 655 W 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Carmen Isache
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida-Jacksonville, 655 W 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Girish Mohan
- Department of Pathology, University of Florida-Jacksonville, 655 W 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Charles Perniciaro
- Department of Pathology, University of Florida-Jacksonville, 655 W 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
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Abstract
We herein describe a case of secondary syphilis in a patient with HIV infection that presented with an unusually diffuse polyostotic osteitis with skull involvement. Syphilis has to be added to the differential diagnosis of extensive inflammatory bone pain in patients at risk, especially if pain worsens at night.
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