1
|
Phenotypic and Genotypic Virulence Characterisation of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Strains Isolated from Human Bloodstream and Diabetic Foot Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415476. [PMID: 36555117 PMCID: PMC9778964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a recently described coagulase-negative Staphylococcus identified in human diseases, especially in infections of foot ulcers in patients living with diabetes mellitus. To date, its pathogenicity remains underexplored. In this study, whole-genome analysis was performed on a collection of 29 S. pettenkoferi clinical strains isolated from bloodstream and diabetic foot infections with regard to their phylogenetic relationships and comprehensive analysis of their resistome and virulome. Their virulence was explored by their ability to form biofilm, their growth kinetics and in an in vivo zebrafish embryo infection model. Our results identified two distinct clades (I and II) and two subclades (I-a and I-b) with notable genomic differences. All strains had a slow bacterial growth. Three profiles of biofilm formation were noted, with 89.7% of isolates able to produce biofilm and harbouring a high content of biofilm-encoding genes. Two virulence profiles were also observed in the zebrafish model irrespective of the strains' origin or biofilm profile. Therefore, this study brings new insights in S. pettenkoferi pathogenicity.
Collapse
|
2
|
Larson PJ, Zhou W, Santiago A, Driscoll S, Fleming E, Voigt AY, Chun OK, Grady JJ, Kuchel GA, Robison JT, Oh J. Associations of the skin, oral and gut microbiome with aging, frailty and infection risk reservoirs in older adults. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:941-955. [PMID: 36398033 PMCID: PMC9667708 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Older adults represent a vulnerable population with elevated risk for numerous morbidities. To explore the association of the microbiome with aging and age-related susceptibilities including frailty and infectious disease risk, we conducted a longitudinal study of the skin, oral, and gut microbiota in 47 community- or skilled nursing facility-dwelling older adults vs. younger adults. We found that microbiome changes were not associated with chronological age so much as frailty: we identified prominent changes in microbiome features associated with susceptibility to pathogen colonization and disease risk, including diversity, stability, heterogeneity, and biogeographic determinism, which were moreover associated with a loss of Cutibacterium (C.) acnes in the skin microbiome. Strikingly, the skin microbiota were also the primary reservoir for antimicrobial resistance, clinically important pathobionts, and nosocomial strains, suggesting a potential role particularly for the skin microbiome in disease risk and dissemination of multidrug resistant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Larson
- UCONN Health (University of Connecticut), Farmington, CT
- The Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - Wei Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| | - Alba Santiago
- UCONN Health (University of Connecticut), Farmington, CT
| | - Sarah Driscoll
- UCONN Health (University of Connecticut), Farmington, CT
| | | | | | | | - James J. Grady
- UCONN Health (University of Connecticut), Farmington, CT
| | | | | | - Julia Oh
- The Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hadano Y, Hijikata T, Miura A, Fujii S, Awaya Y. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi bacteremia in a tertiary care hospital in Japan: Report of three cases. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:1424-1426. [PMID: 35724914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) species first isolated in 2002. Human infections caused by S. pettenkoferi are rare. We herein report three cases of S. pettenkoferi bacteremia in a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi can be a causative pathogen of catheter related blood stream infection including complicated infection, and unknown source of bacteremia. All of the patients presented with fever and shaking chills, and good clinical outcome. Further research is needed to determine the role of this organism as a pathogen and frequency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Hadano
- Antimicrobial Stewardship Team, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo Shimane, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Hijikata
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Data Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayako Miura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Fujii
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukikazu Awaya
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of General Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gisriel SD, Jacobs JW. The first reported case of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi prosthetic joint infection. Microbes Infect 2022; 24:104978. [PMID: 35421570 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2022.104978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are among the most frequent causes of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Staphylococcus pettenkoferi, a coagulase-negative Staphylococcal species first described in 2002, has been detected in fewer than 20 patients with true infection (15 cases of bacteremia and 1 case of osteomyelitis). This organism has never been implicated in a PJI, likely owing in part to the difficulty in identification via biochemical methods. S. pettenkoferi is almost universally reported to be a contaminant when detected. We report the first case of a PJI caused by S. pettenkoferi, highlighting its infectious potential in specific patient populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savanah D Gisriel
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Jeremy W Jacobs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kierzkowska M, Markowska K, Majewska A. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Staphylococcus pettenkoferi. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:112-120. [PMID: 35200442 PMCID: PMC8872105 DOI: 10.3390/idr14010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus, first described in 2002. Using medical databases, i.e., Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, and Embase, we identified and analysed research, reports, and opinions dealing with S. pettenkoferi. Published data allow us to conclude that S. pettenkoferi is a human commensal, opportunistic bacterium and may be isolated from the environment and animals. The involvement of S. pettenkoferi in bloodstream infection and osteomyelitis has been described, but its clinical relevance is not fully understood, so far. This work summarizes knowledge about S. pettenkoferi and reveals the difficulties and rules for interpreting the results of microbiological tests, when S. pettenkoferi has been identified in the blood sample. Clinical and laboratory criteria, recommended by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the third international consensus definitions of sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3), are important to determine whether the presence of bacteria in the sample is a consequence of an infection, contamination from the environment, or translocation of the bacteria outside the place of its natural existence. The precise identification of bacteria from the blood sample and recognizing the true bacteraemia are critical to implement the appropriate procedures and make decisions concerning the patient’s medical care.
Collapse
|
6
|
Investigating Pathogenicity and Virulence of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi: An Emerging Pathogen. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413614. [PMID: 34948410 PMCID: PMC8704685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus identified in 2002 that has been implicated in human diseases as an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium. Its multiresistant character is becoming a major health problem, yet the pathogenicity of S. pettenkoferi is poorly characterized. In this study, the pathogenicity of a S. pettenkoferi clinical isolate from diabetic foot osteomyelitis was compared with a Staphylococcus aureus strain in various in vitro and in vivo experiments. Growth kinetics were compared against S. aureus, and bacteria survival was assessed in the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line, the THP-1 human leukemia monocytic cell line, and the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line. Ex vivo analysis was performed in whole blood survival assays and in vivo assays via the infection model of zebrafish embryos. Moreover, whole-genome analysis was performed. Our results show that S. pettenkoferi was able to survive in human blood, human keratinocytes, murine macrophages, and human macrophages. S. pettenkoferi demonstrated its virulence by causing substantial embryo mortality in the zebrafish model. Genomic analysis revealed virulence factors such as biofilm-encoding genes (e.g., icaABCD; rsbUVW) and regulator-encoding genes (e.g., agr, mgrA, sarA, saeS) well characterized in S. aureus. This study thus advances the knowledge of this under-investigated pathogen and validates the zebrafish infection model for this bacterium.
Collapse
|
7
|
The clinical significance of staphylococcus pettenkoferi: a retrospective review at a tertiary care medical center. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 102:115592. [PMID: 34839128 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a recently described coagulase-negative staphylococcal pathogen. We retrospectively reviewed 25 cases in which S. pettenkoferi was identified in routine cultures (12 blood, 13 other). Most were found with commensal flora and considered clinically insignificant, but its significance was uncertain in two cases from non-healing, deep foot wounds.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wutawunashe CV, Ma R, Chang GDW, Goyal R, Morrow Z, Ilyas N. A rare case of a novel coagulase negative Staphylococcus native valve endocarditis in a 28-year-old male. IDCases 2021; 26:e01262. [PMID: 34692414 PMCID: PMC8517830 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2021.e01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) are an emerging cause of native valve endocarditis in community and healthcare settings. We describe a case of a 28-year-old man with no significant risk factors who presented with Staphylococcus pettenkoferi native valve endocarditis. During our patient’s initial hospitalization, he was treated for CoNS bacteraemia and subsequently discharged after a protracted hospital course with a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) showing no valvular vegetations. However, during the course of his second hospitalization, speciation identified S. pettenkoferi and transoesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) showed aortic valve perforations with new regurgitation raising concern for left sided endocarditis. We postulate that our patient may have been infected with the same CoNS species causing aortic valve endocarditis during his initial hospitalization. This case highlights the importance of recognizing CoNS as a possible causative bacterium in NVE, as well as the importance of obtaining a TEE when evaluating a patient for suspected endocarditis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb V. Wutawunashe
- Correspondence to: Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health, 130 East 77th Street, New York, NY 10075, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Bacteremia in an American Intensive Care Unit. Case Rep Infect Dis 2021; 2021:5235691. [PMID: 34631179 PMCID: PMC8494585 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5235691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are considered the most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections; yet, these species are frequently designated as contaminants in the absence of systemic signs and symptoms of infection. Immunocompromised patients or those with prosthetic devices are at increased risk for clinically significant bacteremia. With the advent of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in clinical practice, there has been improved specificity of CoNS isolate identification and further elucidation of underrecognized pathogenic species. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi was a novel CoNS species first identified in 2002 and thought to be misdiagnosed as other CoNS due to limitations in biochemical identification. There is increasing identification of S. pettenkoferi isolates; however, there are limited case reports of clinically significant S. pettenkoferi bacteremia and no reported cases within the United States. We present the first known case of S. pettenkoferi from an American intensive care unit.
Collapse
|
10
|
Eke UA, Fairfax MR, Mitchell R, Taylor M, Salimnia H. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi-positive Blood cultures in Hospitalized Patients in a Multi-site Tertiary Center. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 99:115284. [PMID: 33485136 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi (S.pettenkoferi), originally described in Germany in 2002 by Trülzsch et al, is a coagulase negative staphylococcus whose clinical relevance is yet to be determined. With about 10 case reports in the literature from several parts of the world, there is no data on S. pettenkoferi infection from the United States. This is a retrospective cohort study of 80 patients ≥ 18 years of age who had at least 1 S. pettenkoferi-positive blood culture, identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight at a tertiary academic center in Detroit, Michigan. We describe the features of S. pettenkoferi-positive blood cultures in order to identify cases of true bacteremia. The mean age of the cohort was 66 ± 16 years and 1 out of 3 had immunosuppressing conditions. No case of true S.pettenkoferi bacteremia was identified. More studies are needed to determine its role as a pathogen in the United States.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uzoamaka A Eke
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Marilynn R Fairfax
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Microbiology Division, DMC University Laboratories, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Robert Mitchell
- Microbiology Division, DMC University Laboratories, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Maureen Taylor
- Microbiology Division, DMC University Laboratories, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Hossein Salimnia
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Microbiology Division, DMC University Laboratories, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kang H, Ryoo N. Identification of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Isolated from Blood Culture. ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.5145/acm.2019.22.3.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyein Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Namhee Ryoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Månsson E, Hellmark B, Stegger M, Skytt Andersen P, Sundqvist M, Söderquist B. Genomic relatedness of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi isolates of different origins. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:601-608. [PMID: 28530888 PMCID: PMC5817227 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to characterize clinical and environmental Staphylococcus pettenkoferi isolates with regard to genomic diversity and antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Repetitive-sequence-based PCR and core genome phylogenetic analysis of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data verified the presence of distinct clades comprising closely related S. pettenkoferi isolates from different geographical locations and origins. Methodology Phylogenetic relationships between 25 S. pettenkoferi isolates collected from blood cultures and intra-operative air sampling were determined by repetitive-sequence-based PCR typing and analysis of ~157 000 SNPs identified in the core genome after WGS. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and tests for biofilm production (microtitre plate assay) were performed. Results Repetitive-sequence-based PCR as well as WGS data demonstrated the close relatedness of clinically significant blood culture isolates to probable contaminants, as well as to environmental isolates. Antibiotic-susceptibility testing demonstrated a low level of antimicrobial resistance. The mecA gene was present in two cefoxitin-resistant isolates. No isolates were found to produce biofilm. Conclusion Close genomic relatedness of S. pettenkoferi isolates from different geographical locations and origins were found within clades, but with substantial genomic difference between the two major clades. The ecological niche of S. pettenkoferi remains unconfirmed, but the presence of S. pettenkoferi in the air of the operating field favours the suggestion of a role in skin flora. Identification of S. pettenkoferi in clinical samples should, in a majority of cases, most likely be regarded as a probable contamination, and its role as a possible pathogen in immunocompromised hosts remains to be clarified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emeli Månsson
- Centre for Clinical Research, Hospital of Västmanland Västerås, SE-721 89 Västerås, Sweden.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hellmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Marc Stegger
- Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | | | - Martin Sundqvist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Bo Söderquist
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|