1
|
Polymicrogyria with calcification in Pallister-Killian syndrome detected by microarray analysis. Brain Dev 2021; 43:448-453. [PMID: 33229101 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare disorder caused by the mosaic tetrasomy of chromosome 12p, and is characterized by facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, hypotonia and seizures. RESULTS We report a patient with PKS showing unique polymicrogyria with calcification. He had delayed development and dysmorphic facial features including frontal bossing, hypertelorism, and high arched palate at 6 months of age. Neuroimaging revealed unilateral polymicrogyria with spot calcifications, which predominantly affected the right perisylvian region. Chromosome G-banding showed the karyotype 46,XY, however, array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed mosaic duplication of chromosome 12p, in which CCND2, which encodes cyclin D2 and is a downstream mediator of PI3K-AKT pathway, is located. Supernumerary chromosome of 12p was detected in 58% of buccal mucosa cells by the interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis using chromosome 12 centromere-specific D12Z3 probe. The diagnosis of PKS was made based on distinctive clinical features of our patient and the results of cytogenetic analyses. CONCLUSION This report is, to our knowledge, the first case of a patient with PKS who clearly demonstrates polymicrogyria colocalized with calcifications, as shown by CT scans and MRI, and suggests that a patient with PKS could show structural brain anomalies with calcification. We assume that somatic mosaicism of tetrasomy could cause asymmetrical polymicrogyria in our patient, and speculate that increased dosages of CCND2 at chromosome 12p might be involved in the abnormal neuronal migration in PKS.
Collapse
|
3
|
Alqahtani AS, Putoux A, Bonnet Dupeyron MN, Carneiro M, Lion-Francois L, Rossi M, Tevissen H, Schluth Bolard C, Labalme A, Lesca G, Till M, Edery P, Sanlaville D. Postnatal clinical phenotype of five patients with Pallister-Killian Syndrome (tetrasomy 12p): Interest of array CGH for diagnosis and review of the literature. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00939. [PMID: 31454185 PMCID: PMC6785526 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pallister–Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare sporadic disorder caused by tetrasomy of the short arm of chromosome 12. The main clinical manifestations are global developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy, dysmorphic features, hypopigmented and/or hyperpigmented lesions, and multiple congenital anomalies. PKS is associated with tissue mosaicism, which is difficult to diagnose through peripheral blood sample by conventional cytogenetic methods and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Methods Here, we report five patients with PKS. We delineate their clinical phenotypes and we compare them with previously published cases. We used array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) with DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples. The five patients have also been tested by conventional cytogenetics techniques. Results Four out of five patients showed tetrasomy 12p by aCGH. Three of the four patients have typical i(12p) and one of the four demonstrated atypical tetrasomy 12p. The percentage of mosaicism was as low as 20%. Our cohort exhibited the typical PKS phenotypes. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the efficacy of aCGH for the diagnosis of PKS from DNA extracted from lymphocytes. Thus, for patients suspected of PKS, we recommend performing aCGH on lymphocytes at an early age before proceeding to skin biopsy. aCGH on peripheral blood samples is sensitive in detecting low level of mosaicism and it is less invasive method than skin biopsy. We reviewed also the literature concerning the previously published PKS patients diagnosed by aCGH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amerh Salem Alqahtani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France.,Ministry of Higher Education, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Audrey Putoux
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France.,CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Noelle Bonnet Dupeyron
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France.,Department of Genetics, Valence Hospital's Center, Valence, France
| | - Maryline Carneiro
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Lion-Francois
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France
| | - Massimiliano Rossi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France.,CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Hélène Tevissen
- Department of Pediatrics, Valence Hospital's Center, Valence, France
| | - Caroline Schluth Bolard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France.,CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Labalme
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France.,CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Marianne Till
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France.,CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Damien Sanlaville
- Department of Medical Genetics, Women Mothers and Children's Hospital, Lyon Hospices Civils, Lyon, France.,Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France.,CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bertini V, Gana S, Orsini A, Bonuccelli A, Peroni D, Angelo V. Advantages of Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization Using Buccal Swab DNA for Detecting Pallister-Killian Syndrome. Ann Lab Med 2019; 39:232-234. [PMID: 30430791 PMCID: PMC6240520 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2019.39.2.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Bertini
- Department of Medicine of Laboratory, Section of Cytogenetics, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Simone Gana
- Internal Medicine 1, Section of Medical Genetics, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Orsini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Alice Bonuccelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego Peroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Valetto Angelo
- Department of Medicine of Laboratory, Section of Cytogenetics, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|