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Quan J, He CJ, Kim JY, Lee JY, Kim CJ, Jeon YJ, Im CW, Lee DK, Kim JE, Park HJ. Analgesic Effect of SKI306X on Chronic Postischemic Pain and Spinal Nerve Ligation-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Mice. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1379. [PMID: 39061952 PMCID: PMC11274297 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) results from lesions or diseases affecting the peripheral or central somatosensory system. However, there are currently no drugs that are particularly effective in treating this condition. SKI306X is a blend of purified extracts of three oriental herbs (Clematis mandshurica, Trichosanthes kirilowii, and Prunella vulgaris) commonly used to treat osteoarthritis for their chondroprotective effects. Chronic postischemic pain (CPIP) and spinal nerve ligation (SNL) models were created by binding the upper left ankle of mice with an O-ring for 3 h and ligating the L5 spinal nerve, respectively. Mice with allodynia were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9% normal saline (NS group) or different doses (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg) of SKI306X (SKI groups). We assessed allodynia using von Frey filaments before injection and 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 min and 24 h after injection to confirm the antiallodynic effect of SKI306X. We also measured glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia to confirm the change of SKI306X administration. Both models exhibited significant mechanical allodynia. The intraperitoneal injection of SKI306X significantly increased the paw withdrawal threshold in a dose-dependent manner, as the paw withdrawal threshold was significantly increased after SKI306X administration compared with at baseline or after NS administration. GFAP levels in the SKI group decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Intraperitoneal administration of SKI306X dose-dependently attenuated mechanical allodynia and decreased GFAP levels, suggesting that GFAP is involved in the antiallodynic effect of SKI306X in mice with CPIP and SNL-induced NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Quan
- Department of Pain Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China; (J.Q.); (C.J.H.)
| | - Chun Jing He
- Department of Pain Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China; (J.Q.); (C.J.H.)
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Y.J.J.); (C.W.I.); (D.K.L.); (J.E.K.)
| | - Jin Young Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang Jae Kim
- Eunpyung St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young Jae Jeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Y.J.J.); (C.W.I.); (D.K.L.); (J.E.K.)
| | - Chang Woo Im
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Y.J.J.); (C.W.I.); (D.K.L.); (J.E.K.)
| | - Do Kyung Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Y.J.J.); (C.W.I.); (D.K.L.); (J.E.K.)
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Y.J.J.); (C.W.I.); (D.K.L.); (J.E.K.)
| | - Hue Jung Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Y.J.J.); (C.W.I.); (D.K.L.); (J.E.K.)
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Quan J, Lee JY, Choi H, Kim YC, Yang S, Jeong J, Park HJ. Effect of Pregabalin Combined with Duloxetine and Tramadol on Allodynia in Chronic Postischemic Pain and Spinal Nerve Ligation Mouse Models. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030670. [PMID: 35336044 PMCID: PMC8955203 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are various drugs for Neuropathic pain (NP), the effects of single drugs are often not very satisfactory. The analgesic effects of different combinations of pregabalin, duloxetine, and tramadol or the combination of all three are still unclear. Mixtures of two or three drugs at low and high concentrations (7.5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg pregabalin; 7.5, 10, 15, and 30 mg/kg duloxetine; 5 and 10 mg/kg tramadol) were administered to chronic postischemic pain (CPIP) and spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model mice. The effects of these combinations of drugs on mechanical allodynia were investigated. The expression of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) was measured. The combination of pregabalin, duloxetine, and tramadol significantly alleviated mechanical hyperalgesia in mice with CPIP and SNL. After the administration of this drug combination, the expression of GFAP in the spinal cord and DRGs was lower in the CPIP and SNL model mice than in control mice. This result suggests that the combination of these three drugs may be advantageous for the treatment of NP because it can reduce side effects by preventing the overuse of a single drug class and exert increased analgesic effects via synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Quan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.C.K.); (S.Y.); (J.J.)
| | - Jin Young Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Hoon Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.C.K.); (S.Y.); (J.J.)
| | - Young Chan Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.C.K.); (S.Y.); (J.J.)
| | - Sungwon Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.C.K.); (S.Y.); (J.J.)
| | - Jongmin Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.C.K.); (S.Y.); (J.J.)
| | - Hue Jung Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (J.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.C.K.); (S.Y.); (J.J.)
- Correspondence:
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