1
|
Guo H, Zheng S. A Patient With Pneumonia and Erythematous Skin Lesions. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 78:1369-1371. [PMID: 38744438 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health and Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Song Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health and Education, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ikeda D, Matsue K. Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infection prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case of successful treatment. Transpl Infect Dis 2023; 25:e14121. [PMID: 37561359 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ikeda
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa-shi, Japan
| | - Kosei Matsue
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa-shi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moody SJ, Johnson L, Moody T. Dual M. kansasii infection in one household: a reconsideration of our understanding of transmission routes. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e254448. [PMID: 37739447 PMCID: PMC10533662 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-254448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium kansasii is one of the the most common non-tuberculous mycobacteria responsible for opportunistic human infection. Unlike M. tuberculosis, transmission remains poorly understood; spread is assumed to be from a shared geographical source, such as domestic plumbing, and human-to-human transmission is generally not considered by clinicians when evaluating patients and their environments. We describe M. kansasii infection in a husband and wife in the same household and in the same period, suggesting, in these cases, that transmission occurred directly from one patient to the other. This possibility of human-to-human transmission may inform a clinician's scrutiny of risks to household contacts in cases of M. kansasii infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel John Moody
- Infectious Diseases, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Leann Johnson
- Infectious Diseases, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Thomas Moody
- School of Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Duvall A, Greenacre C, Grunkemeyer V, Craig L. Cutaneous Mycobacteriosis Caused by Mycobacterium kansasii in a Yellow-naped Amazon Parrot ( Amazona auropalliata). J Avian Med Surg 2021; 35:227-234. [PMID: 34256554 DOI: 10.1647/20-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An approximately 25-year-old, female, yellow-naped Amazon parrot (Amazona auropalliata) was evaluated for a chronic, raised, ulcerative mass on the lateral aspect of the left thigh. Histopathology of an excisional biopsy revealed severe, chronic, multifocal-to-coalescing, ulcerated dermal and subcutaneous granulomas. No infectious organisms were observed on Ziehl-Neelsen or Gomori methenamine silver stains. The parrot was treated with oral sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim and meloxicam. When reexamined 2 weeks later, the biopsy site had healed. Surgical biopsies were resubmitted 14 months after the original presentation due to recurrence of similar ulcerative lesions on the right leg. Histopathology revealed a similar inflammatory pattern, and hematoxylin-eosin, Ziehl-Neelsen, and silver stains on the biopsy samples were all negative. A Fite-Faraco stain revealed rare acid-fast bacilli throughout the lesion. Tissue polymerase chain reaction test was negative for Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium genavense. Mycobacterial culture and subsequent genotyping revealed Mycobacterium kansasii. Mycobacterium kansasii is a significant cause of mycobacteriosis in humans and, therefore, should be considered a potential zoonotic organism. This report describes an unusual primary cutaneous presentation of avian mycobacteriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Linden Craig
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Černá P, L. Mitchell J, Lodzinska J, Cazzini P, Varjonen K, Gunn-Moore DA. Systemic Mycobacterium kansasii Infection in Two Related Cats. Pathogens 2020; 9:E959. [PMID: 33218094 PMCID: PMC7698836 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterial infections are a major concern in veterinary medicine because of the difficulty achieving an etiological diagnosis, the challenges and concerns of treatment, and the potential zoonotic risk. Mycobacterium kansasii, a slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria, causes disease in both humans and animals. While infections have been well described in humans, where it may be misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, there are fewer reports in animals. Only four cases have been reported in the domestic cat. This case report describes systemic M. kansasii infection in two sibling indoor-only cats that presented two and half years apart with cutaneous disease that was found to be associated with osteolytic and pulmonary pathology. Infection with M. kansasii was confirmed in both cats by polymerase chain reaction on fine-needle aspirate of a lumbosacral soft tissue mass in one cat and on a tissue punch biopsy of a skin lesion in the other; interferon-gamma release assay inferred M. avium-complex and M. tuberculosis-complex infection in the two cats, respectively. Both patients made a full recovery following antimicrobial therapy with rifampicin, azithromycin, and pradofloxacin (plus N-acetyl cysteine in cat 2). This report highlights successful treatment of systemic M. kansasii mycobacteriosis in the cat and the challenge of accurately diagnosing this infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Černá
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, CO 80528, USA;
- The University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jordan L. Mitchell
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (J.L.); (P.C.); (D.A.G.-M.)
| | - Joanna Lodzinska
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (J.L.); (P.C.); (D.A.G.-M.)
| | - Paola Cazzini
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (J.L.); (P.C.); (D.A.G.-M.)
| | - Katarina Varjonen
- AniCura Djursjukhuset Albano, Rinkebyvägen 21A, 182 36 Danderyd, Sweden;
| | - Danièlle A. Gunn-Moore
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (J.L.); (P.C.); (D.A.G.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yamada A, Akahane D, Katagiri S, Yoshizawa S, Furuya N, Fujimoto H, Gotoh M, Gotoh A. Successful cord blood transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome complicated by Mycobacterium kansasii pneumonia. Transpl Infect Dis 2020; 23:e13463. [PMID: 32918515 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease is a rare cause of neutropenic fever in patients with hematological malignancies. There are few studies on the optimal management for such patients with NTM. We report a case of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) treated by umbilical cord blood transplantation (CBT) after Mycobacterium kansasii (M kansasii) pneumonia. A 38-year-old man diagnosed with MDS developed severe pneumonia during induction chemotherapy. Repeated sputum culture uncovered mycobacterium infection. Then, by the polymerase chain reaction of the bronchial lavage fluid, M kansasii infection was proven. After 140 days of anti-NTM therapy, CBT was successfully carried out and the patient recovered without recurrence of NTM infection. This case provides valuable evidence that hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is feasible after a reliable diagnosis and continuous anti-NTM therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Yamada
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daigo Akahane
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Nahoko Furuya
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimoto
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moritaka Gotoh
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Gotoh
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chelidze K, Thomas C, Chang AY, Freeman EE. HIV-Related Skin Disease in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy: Recognition and Management. Am J Clin Dermatol 2019; 20:423-442. [PMID: 30806959 PMCID: PMC6581453 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-019-00422-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has revolutionized the treatment and prognosis of people living with HIV (PLHIV). With increased survival and improved overall health, PLHIV are experiencing dermatologic issues both specific to HIV and common to the general population. In this new era of ART, it is crucial for dermatologists to have a strong understanding of the broad range of cutaneous disease and treatment options in this unique population. In this review, we outline the most common skin diseases in PLHIV, including HIV-associated malignancies, inflammatory conditions, and infections, and focus on the role of ART in altering epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of cutaneous conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khatiya Chelidze
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Massachusetts General Hospital, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Cristina Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Bartlett Hall 6R, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Aileen Yenting Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Paranassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Esther Ellen Freeman
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Bartlett Hall 6R, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, 100 Cambridge Street, 16th Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Toor A, De Freitas G, Torras J. Necrotizing pneumonia in a patient with untreated Mycobacterium kansasii infection. Respir Med Case Rep 2019; 27:100849. [PMID: 31193426 PMCID: PMC6529402 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2019.100849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium kansasii is the second most commonly occurring Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) in the United States. Infection is typically seen in middle aged males, and the risk of infection is greatly increased in immunocompromised hosts. Pulmonary infection presents in clinical parallel to that of Mycobaterium tuberculosis (TB) and is therefore often misdiagnosed. A combination of clinical, radiological, and microbiological evidence of infection is generally required to clinch the diagnosis. Treatment of such cases include prolonged courses of rifampin in combination with 2 other antimicrobial agents. The overall prognosis with appropriate treatment is good with the exception of disseminated disease in severely immunocompromised hosts. In patients who are misdiagnosed or undertreated, there is progressive destruction of the lung parenchyma with distortion of lung architecture. This can in-turn lead to bronchiectatic changes leaving the airways exposed to devastating superimposed bacterial pneumonia. We describe a case of a patient with untreated M. kansasii infection who developed superimposed necrotizing pneumonia and respiratory failure requiring prolonged ventilatory support.
Collapse
|
9
|
Chung J, Ince D, Ford BA, Wanat KA. Cutaneous Infections Due to Nontuberculosis Mycobacterium: Recognition and Management. Am J Clin Dermatol 2018; 19:867-878. [PMID: 30168084 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-018-0382-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a diverse group of organisms that are ubiquitous in the environment, and the incidence of cutaneous infections due to NTM has been steadily increasing. Cutaneous infections due to NTM can be difficult to diagnose, due to their wide spectrum of clinical presentations and histopathological findings that are often nonspecific. A variety of modalities including tissue culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays may be necessary to identify the organism. Treatment can also be challenging, as it can depend on multiple factors, including the causative organism, the patient's immunological status, and the extent of disease involvement. In this review, we discuss the common presentations of cutaneous NTM infections, diagnostic tools, and treatment recommendations. A multi-disciplinary approach that involves good communication between the clinician, the histopathologist, the microbiologist, and infectious disease specialists can help lead to successful diagnosis and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jina Chung
- Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Dilek Ince
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Bradley A Ford
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Karolyn A Wanat
- Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cutaneous Manifestations of Mycobacterium kansasii Infection. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2018; 5:224-227. [DOI: 10.1007/s40475-018-0160-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
11
|
Machado E, Vasconcellos SEG, Cerdeira C, Gomes LL, Junqueira R, Carvalho LDD, Ramos JP, Redner P, Campos CED, Caldas PCDS, Gomes APCS, Goldenberg T, Montes FF, Mello FCDQ, Mussi VDO, Lasunskaia E, Soolingen DV, Miranda ABD, Rigouts L, Jong BCD, Meehan CJ, Catanho M, Suffys PN. Whole genome sequence of Mycobacterium kansasii isolates of the genotype 1 from Brazilian patients with pulmonary disease demonstrates considerable heterogeneity. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2018; 113:e180085. [PMID: 29947722 PMCID: PMC6012682 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760180085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium kansasii is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the most commonly encountered species in individuals with lung disease. We here report the complete genome sequence of 12 clinical isolates of M. kansasii from patients with pulmonary disease in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edson Machado
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Sidra Ezidio Gonçalves Vasconcellos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a Micobactérias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Camillo Cerdeira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Lia Lima Gomes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a Micobactérias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Junqueira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Luciana Distasio de Carvalho
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Jesus Pais Ramos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Paulo Redner
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Dias Campos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Paulo Cesar de Souza Caldas
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Chaves Sobral Gomes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Telma Goldenberg
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fatima Fandinho Montes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga, Laboratório de Referência Nacional para Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Vinicius de Oliveira Mussi
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Biologia do Reconhecer, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - Elena Lasunskaia
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Biologia do Reconhecer, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brasil
| | - Dick van Soolingen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Antonio Basílio de Miranda
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e Sistemas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Leen Rigouts
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Unit of Mycobacteriology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bouke C de Jong
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Unit of Mycobacteriology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Conor J Meehan
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Unit of Mycobacteriology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marcos Catanho
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Philip N Suffys
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a Micobactérias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, Unit of Mycobacteriology, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Systemic Mycobacterium kansasii Infection in a Domestic Shorthair Cat. J Comp Pathol 2017; 157:215-219. [PMID: 28942306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 1-year-old, female domestic shorthair cat was presented with anorexia, depression and weight loss, accompanied by multifocal nodules affecting the face, pinnae and periarticular tissue. Routine medical treatments were ineffective. The animal's physical condition continued to deteriorate and it finally died. Post-mortem examination revealed multifocal to coalescing firm nodules with occasional ulceration affecting the ears, peri-ocular areas, nasal planum, oral cavity and laryngopharyngeal region. Tan-coloured, firm, nodular lesions were also observed in the periarticular tissue, lungs and tracheobronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes. Impression smears of several of these lesions revealed a myriad of slender rod-shaped organisms, mainly in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Histopathological examination showed severe pyogranulomatous inflammation with or without necrosis in the nodules. Acid-fast staining revealed large numbers of acid-fast bacilli. Mycobacterium kansasii was detected in the tissues using multiplex polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. No protozoal or fungal organisms were detected using special stains. On the basis of these results, the cat was diagnosed with systemic M. kansasii infection. To our knowledge, there have been few reports of M. kansasii infection, especially with systemic spread, in cats.
Collapse
|
13
|
Disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii infection with cutaneous lesions in an immunocompetent patient. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 62:59-63. [PMID: 28712930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A case of disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii infection involving the skin and soft tissue in a 57-year-old male farmer who presented with recurrent fever, respiratory syndromes, and skin lesions is reported. The positive findings of syndromes, laboratory examinations, and identification of M. kansasii in puncture fluid indicated the diagnosis of disseminated M. kansasii infection involving the skin and soft tissue, lungs, and mediastinal lymph nodes. After applying the standard HRE regimen (isoniazid 300mg/day, rifampicin 600mg/day, and ethambutol 750mg/day), the patient's temperature normalized and his symptoms improved gradually. No notable adverse drug reactions occurred and the skin lesions had healed after 4 months of follow-up. Disseminated M. kansasii infections occur mainly in immunocompromised patients. Moreover, disseminated infections with skin lesions is rare in immunocompetent patients. Following a review of the literature, only eight similar cases were identified as of disseminated M. kansasii infection with cutaneous lesions, and thecase presented here appears to be the second involving an immunocompetent individual. Special attention should be paid to a persistent and chronic rash following a chronic respiratory syndrome in order to exclude skin disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lovell JP, Zerbe CS, Olivier KN, Claypool RJ, Frein C, Anderson VL, Freeman AF, Holland SM. Mediastinal and Disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii Disease in GATA2 Deficiency. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016; 13:2169-2173. [PMID: 27607353 PMCID: PMC5291495 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201603-207bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Mycobacterium kansasii usually causes chronic pulmonary infections in immunocompetent patients. In contrast, disseminated M. kansasii disease is commonly associated with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection, but is reported infrequently in other immunocompromised patients. OBJECTIVES To identify common clinical manifestations and potential risk factors for M. kansasii infection in patients with GATA2 deficiency. METHODS We reviewed M. kansasii disease associated with GATA2 deficiency at one institution and disease associated with primary and other immunodeficiencies reported in the literature. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Nine patients with GATA2 deficiency developed M. kansasii infections. Six patients developed disseminated disease. All patients presented with significant mediastinal lymphadenopathy or abscesses. Seven patients had pulmonary risk factors, including six smokers. The majority of patients had low numbers of neutrophils, monocytes, B cells, CD4+ T cells, and natural killer cells. Other conditions associated with disseminated M. kansasii disease were thymic disorders and IFN-γ/IL-12 defects. CONCLUSIONS Disseminated M. kansasii disease involving mediastinal lymph nodes is surprisingly common in GATA2 deficiency, but also occurs in defects of IFN-γ synthesis and response. Disseminated M. kansasii should be considered a marker indicating a need to evaluate for immunodeficiency syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana P. Lovell
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Christa S. Zerbe
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Kenneth N. Olivier
- Pulmonary Clinical Medicine Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Reginald J. Claypool
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Cathleen Frein
- Clinical Research Directorate, Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Victoria L. Anderson
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Alexandra F. Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Steven M. Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Turk T, Almahmoud MF, Raslan K. Isolated Mycobacterium kansasii wound infection and Osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent patient. Oxf Med Case Reports 2016; 2016:omw087. [PMID: 28031850 PMCID: PMC5184833 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omw087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium kansasii is a slow growing acid-fast non-tuberculosis mycobacterium. It most commonly causes pulmonary disease with tuberculosis-like manifestations. Mycobacterium kansasii-induced skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are very uncommon, especially in the absence of obvious risk factors. In this report, we present a rare case of M. kansasii-associated SSTI complicated by tendonitis and osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent patient. This case highlights the importance of considering non-tuberculosis mycobacteria while investigating chronic, relapsing, non-healing SSTIs and osteomyelitis. Proper pharmacotherapy, along with surgical debridement, is the optimal management to avoid relapse and the production of resistant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Turk
- Faculty of Medicine , Damascus University , Damascus , Syria
| | - Mohamed Faher Almahmoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Cardiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Khulood Raslan
- Faculty of Medicine , Aleppo University , Aleppo , Syria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sinha R, Tuckett J, Hide G, Dildey P, Karsandas A. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare: a rare cause of subacromial bursitis. Skeletal Radiol 2015; 44:143-6. [PMID: 25104101 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-014-1968-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Septic subacromial bursitis is an uncommon disorder with only a few reported cases in the literature. The most common causative organism is Staphylococcus aureus. We report the case of a 61-year-old female with a septic subacromial bursitis where the causative organism was found to be Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI). The diagnosis was only made following a biopsy, and we use this case to highlight the importance of recognising the need to consider a biopsy and aspiration in atypical situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Sinha
- Wansbeck General Hospital, Hexham, Northumberland, UK,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lima CTD, Magalhães V. Abscess resulting from Mycobacterium kansasii in the left thigh of AIDS patient. An Bras Dermatol 2014; 89:478-80. [PMID: 24937823 PMCID: PMC4056707 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of abscess resulting from Mycobacterium kansasii, in the
left thigh of a 53-year-old woman infected with the Human Immunodeficiency
virus, is reported. Curiously, there was no pulmonary or systemic involvement as
is usual with these Mycobacterium infections. The patient had CD4 T lymphocyte
count of 257 cells/µL and a viral load of 60,154 copies. Despite presenting a
relatively preserved immunity, the patient also presented Criptococcic
meningoencephalitis and Esophageal candidiasis. The patient responded
satisfactorily to treatment for infections and after 51 days was discharged.
Collapse
|
18
|
Lu CC, Wu TS, Hsu YJ, Chang CJ, Lin CS, Chia JH, Wu TL, Huang TT, Martel J, Ojcius DM, Young JD, Lai HC. NK cells kill mycobacteria directly by releasing perforin and granulysin. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 96:1119-29. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4a0713-363rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|
19
|
Murai A, Maruyama S, Nagata M, Yuki M. Mastitis caused by Mycobacterium kansasii infection in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol 2013; 42:377-81. [PMID: 23808608 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A 2-year, 7-month-old female Chihuahua was admitted for a mammary mass measuring one cm in diameter. The dog had a history of demodicosis for 4 months and showed signs of pseudopregnancy at the time of the visit. Cytologic examination of an aspirate of the mass revealed a large number of macrophages containing nonstaining bacterial rods, which were acid-fast in a Ziehl-Neelsen stain, suggesting mycobacterial infection. Histologic examination of the mass revealed a pyogranulomatous mastitis characterized by an infiltration with macrophages containing acid-fast bacteria. Mycobacterium kansasii was subsequently cultured and identified by PCR. Surgical excision of the mass resulted in the growth of other dermal masses, but antimycobacterial treatment with rifampin and clarithromycin resolved these masses within 1 month. Three months after discontinuation of the treatment, similar organisms were found in aspirates of the enlarged bilateral inguinal lymph nodes by cytologic examination. Despite antimycobacterial treatment for another 4 months, there was no improvement and demodicosis also recurred. The dog eventually died of lymphoma 5 months after the relapse of mycobacterial infection. Although M kansasii is considered an important pathogen for pulmonary and cutaneous disease in people, there is only one report in a dog with an infection in a pleural effusion. As both adult-onset demodicosis in dogs as well as mycobacterial infection in people have been associated with T-lymphocyte deficiency, the M kansasii infection in this dog may have been associated with a condition of immune compromise.
Collapse
|
20
|
Cho JH, Yu CH, Jin MK, Kwon O, Hong KD, Choi JY, Yoon SH, Park SH, Kim CD, Kim YL. Mycobacterium kansasii pericarditis in a kidney transplant recipient: a case report and comprehensive review of the literature. Transpl Infect Dis 2012; 14:E50-5. [PMID: 22823928 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2012.00767.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium kansasii is the second most common non-tuberculous mycobacteria in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and has been reported to cause disseminated infection in KTRs. We report the first case to our knowledge of M. kansasii pericarditis after kidney transplantation in a 54-year-old man. The patient was admitted with a 2-month history of intermittent fever and myalgia, treated with oral prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil prior to admission. Chest computed tomography showed enlarged mediastinal lymph node and small amount of pericardial effusion. Mediastinoscopic biopsy of mediastinal lymph node revealed reactive hyperplasia, without evidence of granuloma, but acid-fast bacilli stain of pericardial fluid reported positive finding and pericardial fluid culture identified M. kansasii. The patient has been treated successfully with rifabutin-based combination therapy. All available cases of M. kansasii infection in kidney transplant patients and M. kansasii pericarditis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients are comprehensively reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-H Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cajigas-Pezo D, Lorenzo-Hernandez A, Vives-Rivero GR, Rentero-Martínez Z. [Swelling of right knee in an immunologically compromised patient]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2012; 30:481-2. [PMID: 22521279 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|