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Yonezawa T, Takenouchi S, Motegi T, Miyazaki M, Nagata N, Kobayashi K, Yamada M, Murata T. Lipid metabolites and nitric oxide production in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin and idiopathic epilepsy: a pilot study. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1397868. [PMID: 38983766 PMCID: PMC11232469 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1397868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) and meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (MUO) are common causes of brain diseases leading to seizures in dogs. In this study, the concentrations of 196 lipid metabolites and nitrogen oxide (NO) production in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of dogs with MUO or IE were measured using a LC-MS/MS and a NOx analyzer, respectively. Methods Nine clinically healthy dogs and 11 and 12 dogs with IE and MUO, respectively, were included in the study. Results Lipid analysis revealed variations in the levels of four and six lipid metabolites in CSF and plasma, respectively, between the groups. The levels of 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F1α (PGF1α), 20-carboxy arachidonic acid (20-carboxy-AA), 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, and lyso-platelet-activating factor were high in the CSF of dogs with MUO. In addition, the plasma levels of 11,12-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid, 20-carboxy-AA, and oleoylethanolamide were high in dogs with IE, and those of PGF1α were high in dogs with MUO. NO production levels were high in CSF but not in plasma in dogs with MUO or IE. Discussion It remains unknown whether these changes represent the cause or effect of diseases of the central nervous system; however, lipid metabolites and NO production in CSF and plasma may be used as diagnostic biomarkers and could be exploited for treating idiopathic or inflammatory epilepsy in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yonezawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Veterinary Medical Center of the University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Takenouchi
- Laboratory of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Motegi
- Veterinary Medical Center of the University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nanae Nagata
- Laboratory of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Food and Animal Systemics, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Takahisa Murata
- Laboratory of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Food and Animal Systemics, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Colciaghi F, Nobili P, Cipelletti B, Cagnoli C, Zambon S, Locatelli D, de Curtis M, Battaglia GS. Targeting PSD95-nNOS interaction by Tat-N-dimer peptide during status epilepticus is neuroprotective in MAM-pilocarpine rat model. Neuropharmacology 2019; 153:82-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Mehrzadi S, Sadr S, Hosseinzadeh A, Gholamine B, Shahbazi A, FallahHuseini H, Ghaznavi H. Anticonvulsant activity of the ethanolic extract ofPunica granatumL. seed. Neurol Res 2014; 37:470-5. [DOI: 10.1179/1743132814y.0000000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Influences of hyperthermia-induced seizures on learning, memory and phosphorylative state of CaMKIIα in rat hippocampus. Brain Res 2014; 1557:190-200. [PMID: 24560900 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Febrile seizure (FS) remains the most common childhood neurological emergency. Although many studies have been done, controversy exists as to whether these seizures are associated with a significant risk for cognitive impairment. The aim of our study is to check whether there is a spatial learning and memory deficit in the experimental FS rats using a heated-air FS paradigm and to determine the possible molecular mechanism of cognitive impairment. On days 10 to 12 postpartum, the male rat pups were subjected to one, three, or nine episodes of brief hyperthermia-induced seizures (HS). At adolescence and adulthood, the rats subjected to three, or nine episodes of HS had significant deficits in spatial learning and memory tested by Morris water maze. At adulthood, no apparent hippocampal neuronal loss was found in any HS group, but the seizure threshold to flurothyl was decreased significantly in the rats subjected to nine episodes of HS. In the rats subjected to three, or nine episodes of HS, the Western immunoblotting showed that there was a significant translocation of Ca(2+)-calmodulin stimulated protein kinase II (CaMKII) from the postsynaptic density to the cytosol. In the postsynaptic density the phosphorylation of CaMKIIα Thr(286) was reduced significantly, but the phosphorylation of CaMKIIα Thr(305) was increased significantly. Our study showed early-life brief but recurrent HS caused long-term cognitive impairment and CaMKIIα was involved in carrying forward the signal resulting from HS. The change of the phosphorylative level in Thr(286) and Thr(305) sites of CaMKIIα may underlie the molecular mechanism for the HS related cognitive impairment.
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Beamer E, Otahal J, Sills GJ, Thippeswamy T. N (w) -propyl-L-arginine (L-NPA) reduces status epilepticus and early epileptogenic events in a mouse model of epilepsy: behavioural, EEG and immunohistochemical analyses. Eur J Neurosci 2012; 36:3194-203. [PMID: 22943535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08234.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the anticonvulsant and neurobiological effects of a highly selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitor, N (w) -propyl-l-arginine (L-NPA), on kainic acid (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE) and early epileptogenesis in C57BL/6J mice. SE was induced with 20 mg/kg KA (i.p.) and seizures terminated after 2 h with diazepam (10 mg/kg, i.p). L-NPA (20 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle was administered 30 min before KA. Behavioural seizure severity was scored using a modified Racine score and electrographic seizure was recorded using an implantable telemetry device. Neuronal activity, activity-dependent synaptogenesis and reactive gliosis were quantified immunohistochemically, using c-Fos, synaptophysin and microglial and astrocytic markers. L-NPA treatment reduced the severity and duration of convulsive motor seizures, the power of electroencephalogram in the gamma band, and the frequency of epileptiform spikes during SE. It also reduced c-Fos expression in dentate granule cells at 2 h post-KA, and reduced the overall rate of epileptiform spiking (by 2- to 2.5-fold) in the first 7 days after KA administration. Furthermore, treatment with L-NPA suppressed both hippocampal gliosis and activity-dependent synaptogenesis in the outer and middle molecular layers of the dentate gyrus in the early phase of epileptogenesis (72 h post-KA). These results suggest that nNOS facilitates seizure generation during SE and may be important for the neurobiological changes associated with the development of chronic epilepsy, especially in the early stages of epileptogenesis. As such, it might represent a novel target for disease modification in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Beamer
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4th floor Room 4.306, UCD Duncan Building, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
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