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Bakour C, Schwartz SW, Wang W, Sappenfield WM, Couluris M, Chen H, O'Rourke K. Sleep duration patterns from adolescence to young adulthood and the risk of asthma. Ann Epidemiol 2020; 49:20-26. [PMID: 32681981 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the association between sleep duration trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood and the risk of asthma into young adulthood. METHODS Using data from 10,362 participants in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) free of asthma at baseline, we constructed trajectories of sleep duration from adolescence (age 13-18 years) to young adulthood (age 24-32 years) and used them to examine the association between sleep duration patterns and the risk of new-onset asthma using a log-binomial regression model after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The results revealed that 14.4% of nonasthmatic participants had persistent short sleep duration, whereas 80.0% had adequate sleep duration from adolescence through young adulthood. Consistently short-sleepers had 1.52 times the risk of new-onset asthma by age 32 years (95% CI 1.11, 2.10) compared with consistently adequate sleepers. The association was stronger in those with a family history of asthma (aRR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.15, 5.13) than in those without such history (aRR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.05, 1.95). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that persistent short sleep duration is associated with an increased risk of new-onset asthma in young adults. This association may be more pronounced among those at high risk of asthma because of family history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chighaf Bakour
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; The Chiles Center for Healthy Mothers and Babies, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
| | - Skai W Schwartz
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William M Sappenfield
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; The Chiles Center for Healthy Mothers and Babies, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Marisa Couluris
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Henian Chen
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
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Garcia MM, Goicoechea C, Molina-Álvarez M, Pascual D. Toll-like receptor 4: A promising crossroads in the diagnosis and treatment of several pathologies. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 874:172975. [PMID: 32017939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is expressed in a wide variety of cells and is the central component of the mammalian innate immune system. Since its discovery in 1997, TLR4 has been assigned an ever-increasing number of functions that extend from pathogen recognition to tissue damage identification and promotion of the intrinsic "damage repair response" in pain, intestinal, respiratory and vascular disorders. Precisely, the finding of conserved sequence homology among species along with the molecular and functional characterisation of the TLR4 gene enabled researchers to envisage a common operating system in the activation of innate immunity and the initiation of plastic changes at the onset of chronic pain. Malfunctioning in other conditions was conceived in parallel. In this respect, "pivot" proteins and pathway redundancy are not just evolutionary leftovers but essential for normal functioning or cell survival. Indeed, at present, TLR4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and their association with certain dysfunctions and diseases are being confirmed in different pools of patients. However, despite its ability to trigger pathogen infection or alternatively tissue injury communications to immune system, TLR4 targeting might not be considered a panacea. This review article represents a compilation of what we know about TLR4 from clinics and basic research on the 20th anniversary of its discovery. Understanding how to fine-tune the interaction between TLR4 and its specific ligands may lead in the next decades to the development of promising new treatments, reducing polypharmacy and probably having an impact on drug use in numerous pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel M Garcia
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda, Atenas S/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Carlos Goicoechea
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda, Atenas S/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Miguel Molina-Álvarez
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda, Atenas S/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - David Pascual
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda, Atenas S/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Spain.
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Fu LS, Lin CC, Wei CY, Lin CH, Huang YC. Risk of acute exacerbation between acetaminophen and ibuprofen in children with asthma. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6760. [PMID: 31024768 PMCID: PMC6474393 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antipyretics are widely prescribed in pediatric practice. Some reports have mentioned that acetaminophen and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs may negatively affect asthma control by causing asthma exacerbation (AE). However, many confounding factors can also influence the risks. We assessed the impact of using acetaminophen or ibuprofen on AE in asthmatic children, especially those with strong risk factors. Methods We used the 2010 Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and identified 983 children with persistent asthma aged 1-5 years old; among them, 591 used acetaminophen alone and 392 used ibuprofen alone in 2010. Then, we analyzed the risk of AE over 52 weeks in the patients with and without severe AE in the previous year. Results The ibuprofen group had a higher risk of an emergency room (ER) visit or hospitalization for AE (odds ratio (OR) = 2.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.17-3.76], P = 0.01). Among asthmatic children who had severe AE in the previous year, the risk of AE was higher in the ibuprofen group than in the acetaminophen group (OR = 3.28, 95% CI [1.30-8.29], P = 0.01), where as among those who did not, the risks of AE were similar between the acetaminophen and ibuprofen groups (OR = 1.52, 95% CI [0.71-3.25], P = 0.28). Conclusions Among young asthmatic children, use of ibuprofen was associated with a higher risk of AE than acetaminophen, if they had severe AE with ER visit or hospitalization in the previous year. Pediatricians should use antipyretics among children with asthma after a full evaluation of the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Shien Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chen Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Wei
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Heng Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chieh Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Pediatrics, Puli Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Nantou, Taiwan
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Leptin receptor gene polymorphisms and sex modify the association between acetaminophen use and asthma among young adults: results from two observational studies. Respir Res 2018; 19:179. [PMID: 30231898 PMCID: PMC6146615 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated associations between acetaminophen use and asthma. This investigation sought to determine whether sex modifies the acetaminophen-asthma association and whether leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) gene polymorphisms modulate the sex-specific associations. Methods Data from the Isle of Wight birth cohort (IOW; n = 1456, aged 18 years) and Kuwait University Allergy (KUA; n = 1154, aged 18–26 years) studies were analyzed. Acetaminophen use and current asthma were self-reported. Genotype information for eighteen polymorphisms in LEP and LEPR genes were available in the IOW study. Associations between acetaminophen use and asthma were stratified by sex and genotype. Poisson regression models with robust variance estimation were evaluated to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Acetaminophen use was dose-dependently associated with an increased prevalence of current asthma in the IOW and KUA studies. In both studies, sex-stratified analysis showed that acetaminophen use was associated with asthma among males, but not in females (Pinteraction < 0.05). Moreover, a sex- and genotype-stratified analysis of the IOW data indicated that acetaminophen was associated with asthma to a similar extent among males and females carrying two common alleles of LEPR polymorphisms. In contrast, among those carrying at least one copy of the minor allele of LEPR polymorphisms, the magnitude of association between acetaminophen use and asthma was pronounced among males (aPR = 6.83, 95% CI: 2.87–16.24), but not among females (aPR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.61–2.45). Conclusions The identified sex-related effect modification of the acetaminophen-asthma association varied across LEPR genotypes, indicating that the sex-specific association was confined to individuals with certain genetic susceptibility. If the acetaminophen-asthma association is causal, then our findings will aid susceptibility-based stratification of at-risk individuals and augment preventive public health efforts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-018-0892-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Sohn M. Overview and challenges of current genetic research on allergic diseases in Korean children. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2018. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2018.6.s1.s77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myunghyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Baarslag MA, Allegaert K, Van Den Anker JN, Knibbe CAJ, Van Dijk M, Simons SHP, Tibboel D. Paracetamol and morphine for infant and neonatal pain; still a long way to go? Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2016; 10:111-126. [PMID: 27785937 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2017.1254040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pharmacologic pain management in newborns and infants is often based on limited scientific data. To close the knowledge gap, drug-related research in this population is increasingly supported by the authorities, but remains very challenging. This review summarizes the challenges of analgesic studies in newborns and infants on morphine and paracetamol (acetaminophen). Areas covered: Aspects such as the definition and multimodal character of pain are reflected to newborn infants. Specific problems addressed include defining pharmacodynamic endpoints, performing clinical trials in this population and assessing developmental changes in both pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Expert commentary: Neonatal and infant pain management research faces two major challenges: lack of clear biomarkers and very heterogeneous pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of analgesics. There is a clear call for integral research addressing the multimodality of pain in this population and further developing population pharmacokinetic models towards physiology-based models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Baarslag
- a Intensive Care and department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Karel Allegaert
- a Intensive Care and department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,b Department of development and regeneration , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - John N Van Den Anker
- a Intensive Care and department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,c Division of Clinical Pharmacology , Children's National Health System , Washington , DC , USA.,d Division of Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics , University of Basel Children's Hospital , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Catherijne A J Knibbe
- e Department of Clinical Pharmacy , St. Antonius Hospital , Nieuwegein , The Netherlands.,f Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research , Leiden University , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Monique Van Dijk
- a Intensive Care and department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,g Department of Pediatrics, division of Neonatology , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Sinno H P Simons
- g Department of Pediatrics, division of Neonatology , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Dick Tibboel
- a Intensive Care and department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
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Li S, Xie X, Song Y, Jiang H, Wu X, Su X, Yang L, Li M. Association of TLR4 (896A/G and 1196C/T) Gene Polymorphisms with Asthma Risk: A Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:3591-9. [PMID: 26588249 PMCID: PMC4657762 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conflicting data have been reported on the association between Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) +896A/G and +1196C/T polymorphisms and the risk of asthma. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to clarify the effect of TLR4 +896A/G and +1196C/T polymorphisms on the risk of asthma. Material/Methods An electronic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data to find relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the associations. All statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software version 12.0. Results A total of 14 studies with 2873 asthma cases and 3110 controls were included. The pooled results indicated a significant association between TLR4 +1196C/T polymorphism and the risk of asthma (T vs. C: OR=0.79, 95%CI=0.63–0.99, P=0.04; TT+CT vs. CC: OR=0.76, 95%CI=0.59–0.96, P=0.03; CT vs. CC: OR=0.74, 95%CI=0.58–0.95, P=0.02). In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, TLR4 +1196C/T polymorphism was significantly associated with asthma risk in Asians (T vs. C: OR=0.73, 95%CI=0.54–0.98, P=0.04; TT+CT vs. CC: OR=0.70, 95%CI=0.51–0.96, P=0.03; CT vs. CC: OR=0.69, 95%CI=0.50–0.96, P=0.03), but not in whites. For TLR4 +896A/G polymorphism, no significant association was found between TLR4 +896A/G polymorphism and asthma risk under any genetic models. Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis suggest that T allele of the TLR4 +1196C/T might act as a protective factor against the development of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Haoxiang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaofan Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
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Feldman AS, He Y, Moore ML, Hershenson MB, Hartert TV. Toward primary prevention of asthma. Reviewing the evidence for early-life respiratory viral infections as modifiable risk factors to prevent childhood asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 191:34-44. [PMID: 25369458 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201405-0901pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A first step in primary disease prevention is identifying common, modifiable risk factors that contribute to a significant proportion of disease development. Infant respiratory viral infection and childhood asthma are the most common acute and chronic diseases of childhood, respectively. Common clinical features and links between these diseases have long been recognized, with early-life respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV) lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) being strongly associated with increased asthma risk. However, there has long been debate over the role of these respiratory viruses in asthma inception. In this article, we systematically review the evidence linking early-life RSV and RV LRTIs with asthma inception and whether they could therefore be targets for primary prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy S Feldman
- 1 Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Center for Asthma Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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