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Pinto LF, Rott MB, Barsch MCDS, Rocchetti TT, Yu MCZ, Sant'Ana VP, Gatti ÍDMV, Rocha LL, Hofling-Lima AL, de Freitas D. Adhesion of Acanthamoeba on Scleral Contact Lenses According to Lens Shape. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:4. [PMID: 38691089 PMCID: PMC11077908 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.5.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the adhesion of Acanthamoeba to scleral contact lens (ScCL) surface according to lens shape. Methods Two strains of A. polyphaga (CDC:V062 and ATCC 30461) and one clinical Acanthamoeba isolate, were inoculated onto five contact lens (CL): one first-generation silicone hydrogel (SHCL; lotrafilcon B; adhesion control) containing plasma surface treatment; two ScCL (fluorosilicone acrylate) one containing surface treatment composed of plasma and the other containing plasma with Hydra-PEG, and two CL designed with a flat shape having the same material and surface treatments of the ScCL. Trophozoites that adhered to the lens's surfaces were counted by inverted optical light microscopy. Possible alterations of the lens surface that could predispose amoeba adhesion and Acanthamoeba attached to these lens surfaces were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results All strains revealed greater adhesion to the ScCL when compared with the flat lenses (P < 0.001). The clinical isolate and the ATCC 30461 had a higher adhesion (P < 0.001) when compared with the CDC:V062. A rough texture was observed on the surface of the lenses that have been examined by SEM. Also, SEM revealed that the isolates had a rounded appearance on the surface of the ScCL in contrast with an elongated appearance on the surface of the silicone hydrogel. Conclusions The findings revealed that the curved shape of the ScCL favors amoeba adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa F. Pinto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
| | - Marilise B. Rott
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil – UFRGS
| | - Mylena C. de Souza Barsch
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
| | - Talita T. Rocchetti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
| | - Maria C. Z. Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
| | - Viviane P. Sant'Ana
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
| | - Ítala de M. V. Gatti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
| | - Luciana L. Rocha
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
| | - Ana L. Hofling-Lima
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
| | - Denise de Freitas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil – UNIFESP
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Kwankaew P, Sangkanu S, Mitsuwan W, Boonhok R, Lao-On U, Tabo HL, Mahboob T, de Lourdes Pereira M, Tangpong J, Sundar SS, Wiart C, Nissapatorn V. Inhibitory and anti-adherent effects of Piper betle L. leaf extract against Acanthamoeba triangularis in co-infection with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A sustainable one-health approach. Vet World 2024; 17:848-862. [PMID: 38798284 PMCID: PMC11111711 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.848-862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Keratitis is a serious ocular infection often caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as Acanthamoeba spp. Among other harmful microbes, Acanthamoeba keratitis presents a particular challenge due to its resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents. Piper betle Linn., commonly known as betel leaf, has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties. This study aimed to assess the potential of the leaf ethanol extract of P. betle Linn. in the treatment of Acanthamoeba triangularis in monoculture and co-culture with two prevalent pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, associated with keratitis. Materials and Methods Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of A. triangularis, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa extracts in monoculture and coinfected conditions were examined. In addition, this study explored the potential of the extract in preventing Acanthamoeba adherence in both monoculture and co-culture environments. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed the impact of the extract on Acanthamoeba cell membranes, including acanthopodia. Furthermore, a time-kill kinetic assay was used to validate the amoebicidal activity of the extract against A. triangularis and the tested bacteria. Results MICs for trophozoites, cysts, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus in the monoculture were 0.25, 0.25, 0.51, and 0.128 mg/mL, respectively, whereas the MICs for Acanthamoeba coinfected with bacteria were higher than those in the monoculture. This extract inhibited the growth of A. triangularis trophozoites and cysts for up to 72 h. Moreover, P. betle extract effectively prevented the adherence of Acanthamoeba to contact lenses under monoculture conditions. SEM analysis confirmed that P. betle extract affects the cell membrane of Acanthamoeba, including Acanthopodia. In addition, the time-kill kinetic assay confirmed that the extract contained amoebicidal activity against A. triangularis, including the tested bacteria. Notably, S. aureus was more susceptible than A. triangularis and P. aeruginosa to P. betle extract treatment. Unexpectedly, our study revealed that S. aureus negatively affected A. triangularis in the co-culture after 3 days of incubation, whereas P. aeruginosa facilitated the growth of A. triangularis in the presence of the extract. Conclusion This study provides compelling evidence of the anti-adhesive and anti-Acanthamoeba properties of P. betle leaf extract against A. triangularis under monoculture and co-culture conditions. The observed impact on Acanthamoeba cell membranes, coupled with the time-kill kinetic assay results, underscores the potential of P. betle leaf extract as a promising agent for combating Acanthamoeba-related infections in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattamaporn Kwankaew
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Suthinee Sangkanu
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery, and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College and Research Center of Excellence in Innovation of Essential Oil, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Rachasak Boonhok
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Udom Lao-On
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Hazel L. Tabo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Computer Studies, De La Salle University-Dasmariñas, Cavite, Philippines
| | - Tooba Mahboob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jitbanjong Tangpong
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Shanmuga S. Sundar
- Department of Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation Chennai Campus, Paiyanoor, Chennai, India
| | - Christophe Wiart
- Institute of Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery, and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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3
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Han E, Rhee MK. Unregulated Decorative Lenses: A Brief Definitive Review. Cornea 2024:00003226-990000000-00509. [PMID: 38456820 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Contact lenses are US Food and Drug Administration-regulated medical devices that are a safe and effective method for the correction of refractive error. They are worn by an estimated 45 million Americans. Decorative contact lenses (DCLs) can be used for patients with medical conditions such as failed corneas or aniridia. However, DCLs have also gained popularity in the young, contact lens-naïve population. DCL users often buy lenses through unregulated sources without a clinical examination and education on proper use by an eye care professional. These lenses have a significantly higher risk of infection when compared with contact lenses for the correction of refractive error. To reduce the incidence of microbial keratitis, regulators and eye care professionals must make coordinated efforts to generate and disseminate prevention messages to all contact lens users. In addition, physician and patient reporting of contact lens-related complications to regulatory agencies enhances the pathway to risk reduction. This article reviews DCL use and supply, with a specific focus on the increased risk of contact lens-related complications in unsupervised DCL use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Hernández-Martínez D, Castro Pot E, Hernández Olmos P, Guzmán Hernández EA, Cobos DS, Villa Ramírez S, Villamar Duque TE, Durán Díaz Á, Omaña-Molina M. Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites that survive multipurpose solutions are able to adhere to cosmetic contact lenses, increasing the risk of infection. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19599. [PMID: 37809484 PMCID: PMC10558846 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba are etiological agents of amoebic keratitis, for which up to now there is no treatment of choice and one of its main risk factors is the use of contact lenses, including cosmetic contact lenses. Recently there has been an increase in amoebic keratitis cases due to the use of cosmetic contact lenses. Therefore, having a solution for the care of lenses with an efficient disinfectant effect that prevents the adhesion of trophozoites to lenses becomes essential. This study was carried out to determine the effect of 8 multipurpose contact lenses care solutions on Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites viability, and the efficiency of two of them to prevent the trophozoites adherence onto two cosmetic contact lenses (Acuvue 2, approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, and Magic Eye CCL, not approved). After 3 h of interaction, only AO Sept Plus, OPTI FREE Replenish, Renu Plus, Bio True and Multiplus significantly reduced the number of viable trophozoites with respect to the control; at 6 h Renu Plus, and at 12 h Conta Soft Plus and Multiplus, maintained the inhibitory effect. Only Opti Free Pure Moist did not significantly reduce the number of viable trophozoites. Multiplus and Opti Free Pure Moist (selected for their greater and lesser antiamibic effect) significantly reduced trophozoite adherence to both lenses; however, Opti Free Pure Moist was more efficient, despite the fact that A. castellanii adhered similarly to both lenses. Our results show that in all the multipurpose solutions evaluated, hundreds of viable A. castellanii trophozoites remain after several hours of incubation. Therefore, storage of the lenses in their case with MPS maintains the potential risk of amoebic keratitis in, cosmetic contact lenses wearers. Moreover, the use of CCL, not approved by the FDA, can increase the risk factor for AK since its poor manufacture can favor the permanence of amoebae, in addition to being a risk for corneal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Hernández-Martínez
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Edson Castro Pot
- Carrera de Optometría, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Perla Hernández Olmos
- Carrera de Optometría, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | | | - David Segura Cobos
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Villa Ramírez
- Carrera de Optometría, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Tomás Ernesto Villamar Duque
- Carrera de Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Ángel Durán Díaz
- Carrera de Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Maritza Omaña-Molina
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
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Sharma C, Khurana S. Parafilm as an efficient transport matrix for corneal scrapings. Trop Parasitol 2023; 13:84-88. [PMID: 37860611 PMCID: PMC10583775 DOI: 10.4103/tp.tp_67_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acanthamoeba spp. are free-living parasites increasingly implicated in causing Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). AK is diagnosed by demonstration of parasites in corneal samples by direct microscopy, culture, and nucleic acid amplification. Most commonly, corneal scrapings are sent to the laboratory smeared between two glass slides. These scrapings are suitable for direct microscopy but less suitable for culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which, in turn, are more sensitive for the diagnosis of AK. Aim The aim of the study was to explore better alternatives for transporting corneal scrapings from the point-of-care eye center to the concerned laboratories. Materials and Methods The study used small Parafilm (Bemis Company Inc., USA) squares (PSs) of 1 cm each prepared by cutting Parafilm using a surgical blade under sterile conditions. Each of the four different dilutions of Acanthamoeba suspension (15, 30, 60, and 120 cells) was used in this study. Each dilution was added onto the surface of 36 PSs and kept at room temperature for 24-h, 48-h, and 72-h incubation. The PSs for one particular time point and dilution were used for calcofluor white staining, its inoculation onto the surface of nonnutrient agar having a lawn of Escherichia coli, and Acanthamoeba-specific PCR amplification. In addition, two PSs inoculated with 30 cells and incubated for 24 h and 72 h were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results and Conclusion All three diagnostic techniques, i.e. microscopy, culture, and PCR, detected the presence of Acanthamoeba at all the tested concentrations and time points. However, the growth pattern on culture changed directly in proportion to increased incubation periods and increased concentration of inoculum. In addition, the adherence of Acanthamoeba to the Parafilm was confirmed by SEM; these results suggest the use of these PSs as a suitable matrix for the transport of corneal scrapings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayan Sharma
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sumeeta Khurana
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Campolo A, Pifer R, Walters R, Thomas M, Miller E, Harris V, King J, Rice CA, Shannon P, Patterson B, Crary M. Acanthamoeba spp. aggregate and encyst on contact lens material increasing resistance to disinfection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1089092. [PMID: 36601401 PMCID: PMC9806144 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1089092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acanthamoeba keratitis is often caused when Acanthamoeba contaminate contact lenses and infect the cornea. Acanthamoeba is pervasive in the environment as a motile, foraging trophozoite or biocide-resistant and persistent cyst. As contact lens contamination is a potential first step in infection, we studied Acanthamoeba's behavior and interactions on different contact lens materials. We hypothesized that contact lenses may induce aggregation, which is a precursor to encystment, and that aggregated encystment would be more difficult to disinfect than motile trophozoites. Methods Six clinically and/or scientifically relevant strains of Acanthamoeba (ATCC 30010, ATCC 30461, ATCC 50370, ATCC 50702, ATCC 50703, and ATCC PRA-115) were investigated on seven different common silicone hydrogel contact lenses, and a no-lens control, for aggregation and encystment for 72 h. Cell count and size were used to determine aggregation, and fluorescent staining was used to understand encystment. RNA seq was performed to describe the genome of Acanthamoeba which was individually motile or aggregated on different lens materials. Disinfection efficacy using three common multi-purpose solutions was calculated to describe the potential disinfection resistance of trophozoites, individual cysts, or spheroids. Results Acanthamoeba trophozoites of all strains examined demonstrated significantly more aggregation on specific contact lens materials than others, or the no-lens control. Fluorescent staining demonstrated encystment in as little as 4 hours on contact lens materials, which is substantially faster than previously reported in natural or laboratory settings. Gene expression profiles corroborated encystment, with significantly differentially expressed pathways involving actin arrangement and membrane complexes. High disinfection resistance of cysts and spheroids with multi-purpose solutions was observed. Discussion Aggregation/encystment is a protective mechanism which may enable Acanthamoeba to be more disinfection resistant than individual trophozoites. This study demonstrates that some contact lens materials promote Acanthamoeba aggregation and encystment, and Acanthamoeba spheroids obstruct multi-purpose solutions from disinfecting Acanthamoeba.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reed Pifer
- Alcon Research, LLC, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | | | - Megan Thomas
- Alcon Research, LLC, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Elise Miller
- Alcon Research, LLC, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | | | - Jamie King
- Alcon Research, LLC, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Christopher A. Rice
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery (PIDD), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease (PI4D), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Paul Shannon
- Alcon Research, LLC, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | | | - Monica Crary
- Alcon Research, LLC, Fort Worth, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Monica Crary,
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7
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Campolo A, Pifer R, Shannon P, Crary M. Microbial Adherence to Contact Lenses and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a Model Organism for Microbial Keratitis. Pathogens 2022; 11:1383. [PMID: 36422634 PMCID: PMC9695309 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial keratitis (MK), the infection of the cornea, is a devastating disease and the fifth leading cause of blindness and visual impairment around the world. The overwhelming majority of MK cases are linked to contact lens wear combined with factors which promote infection such as corneal abrasion, an immunocompromised state, improper contact lens use, or failing to routinely disinfect lenses after wear. Contact lens-related MK involves the adherence of microorganisms to the contact lens. Therefore, this review discusses the information currently available regarding the disease pathophysiology, the common types of microorganisms causing MK, physical and organic mechanisms of adhesion, material properties which are involved in adhesion, and current antimicrobial strategies. This review also concludes that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a model organism for the investigation of contact lens microbial adherence due to its prevalence in MK cases, its extremely robust adhesion, antimicrobial-resistant properties, and the severity of the disease it causes.
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Padzik M, Chomicz L, Bluszcz J, Maleszewska K, Grobelny J, Conn DB, Hendiger EB. Tannic Acid-Modified Silver Nanoparticles in Conjunction with Contact Lens Solutions Are Useful for Progress against the Adhesion of Acanthamoeba spp. to Contact Lenses. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061076. [PMID: 35744595 PMCID: PMC9230222 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acanthamoeba spp. are amphizoic amoebae that are widely distributed in the environment and capable of entering the human body. They can cause pathogenic effects in different tissues and organs, including Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), which may result in a loss of visual acuity and blindness. The diagnostics, treatment, and prevention of AK are still challenging. More than 90% of AK cases are related to the irresponsible wearing of contact lenses. However, even proper lens care does not sufficiently protect against this eye disease, as amoebae have been also found in contact lens solutions and contact lens storage containers. The adhesion of the amoebae to the contact lens surface is the first step in developing this eye infection. To limit the incidence of AK, it is important to enhance the anti-adhesive activity of the most popular contact lens solutions. Currently, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used as modern antimicrobial agents. Their effectiveness against Acanthamoeba spp., especially with the addition of plant metabolites, such as tannic acid, has been confirmed. Here, we present the results of our further studies on the anti-adhesion potential of tannic acid-modified silver nanoparticles (AgTANPs) in combination with selected contact lens solutions against Acanthamoeba spp. on four groups of contact lenses. The obtained results showed an increased anti-adhesion activity of contact lens solutions in conjunction with AgTANPs with a limited cytotoxicity effect compared to contact lens solutions acting alone. This may provide a benefit in improving the prevention of amoebae eye infections. However, there is still a need for further studies on different pathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba in order to assess the adhesion of the cysts to the contact lens surface and to reveal a more comprehensive picture of the activity of AgTANPs and contact lens solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Padzik
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (L.C.); (J.B.); (K.M.); (E.B.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lidia Chomicz
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (L.C.); (J.B.); (K.M.); (E.B.H.)
| | - Julita Bluszcz
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (L.C.); (J.B.); (K.M.); (E.B.H.)
| | - Karolina Maleszewska
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (L.C.); (J.B.); (K.M.); (E.B.H.)
| | - Jaroslaw Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 163 Pomorska Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - David Bruce Conn
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; or
- One Health Center, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Berry College, Mount Berry, GA 30149, USA
| | - Edyta B. Hendiger
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (L.C.); (J.B.); (K.M.); (E.B.H.)
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9
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Dos Santos DL, Virginio VG, Berté FK, Lorenzatto KR, Marinho DR, Kwitko S, Locatelli CI, Freitas EC, Rott MB. Clinical and molecular diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis in contact lens wearers in southern Brazil reveals the presence of an endosymbiont. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:1447-1454. [PMID: 35194678 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07474-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is an infection that is mostly observed in contact lens wearers. It is often misdiagnosed causing delays in the administration of the correct treatment. The aim of this study was to report the outcome of clinical and molecular diagnosis of AK cases during the summer of 2019 in the southern region of Brazil. Three suspected cases of AK were discovered after an ophthalmic examination at a public hospital in the city of Porto Alegre. These cases were then confirmed through laboratory diagnosis (cell culture and molecular analysis by PCR and sequencing). In each of the three clinical sample cell cultures of corneal scraping and molecular analysis confirmed the presence of Acanthamoeba spp., all belonging to the morphological group II and to the genotype T4, which is the most common genotype associated with AK. In addition, Acanthamoeba spp. isolated from one of the clinical samples was found to harbor the Candidatus Paracaedibacter acanthamoeba, a bacterial endosymbiont. The presence of Ca. Paracaedibacter acanthamoeba in clinical isolates requires further research to reveal its possible role in the pathogenicity of Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Leal Dos Santos
- Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Parasitology Sector, Rio Grande Do Sul Federal University, Sarmento Leite Street, N 500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Veridiana Gomes Virginio
- Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Parasitology Sector, Rio Grande Do Sul Federal University, Sarmento Leite Street, N 500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Francisco Kercher Berté
- Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Parasitology Sector, Rio Grande Do Sul Federal University, Sarmento Leite Street, N 500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Karina Rodrigues Lorenzatto
- Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Parasitology Sector, Rio Grande Do Sul Federal University, Sarmento Leite Street, N 500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Diane Ruschel Marinho
- Cornea Department, Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, N 2350, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Sergio Kwitko
- Cornea Department, Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, N 2350, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Claudete Inês Locatelli
- Cornea Department, Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, N 2350, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Correa Freitas
- Cornea Department, Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, N 2350, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Marilise Brittes Rott
- Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Parasitology Sector, Rio Grande Do Sul Federal University, Sarmento Leite Street, N 500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil.
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10
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Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259847. [PMID: 34780533 PMCID: PMC8592476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acanthamoeba spp. are one of the free-living amoeba that spread worldwide causing keratitis. Owing to the increase in the use of lenses, whether for medical or cosmetic purposes, the incidence of disease increases every year. Contamination of the lenses with the Acanthamoeba trophozoites or cysts may lead to eye infection and cause sight-threatening keratitis in human. We isolated Acanthamoeba spp. from new lenses, used lenses, and contact lens disinfecting solutions and identified them based on morphological characteristics and molecular test. Methods New and used lenses and contact lens disinfecting solutions were cultured on monogenic media. Light and scanning electron microscope was used to identify Acanthamoeba spp. morphological features. Genotype identification was also evaluated using PCR sequencing of 18S rRNA gene specific primer pair JDP1 and JDP2. Results A hundred samples were examined, 29 (29%) were infected with Acanthamoeba spp. That belonged to two strains of Acanthamoeba (Acanthamoeba 41 and Acanthamoeba 68). 18S rRNA of the Acanthamoeba 41 had 99.69% sequence identity to Acanthamoeba castellanii clone HDU-JUMS-2, whereas Acanthamoeba 68 had 99.74% similar pattern to that of Acanthamoeba sp. isolate T4 clone ac2t4 that are morphologically identified as Acanthamoeba polyphaga. The obtained data revealed that the isolated strains belong to T4 genotype that was evolutionarily similar to strains isolated in Iran. Conclusions Cosmetic lenses and disinfectant solutions are a major transmissible mode for infection. This genotype is common as the cause of Acanthamoeba keratitis. To avoid infection, care must be taken to clean the lenses and their preservative solutions and prevent contamination with the parasite.
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11
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de Paula Yoneda P, Schellini SA, Padovani CR, Silva VF. Use of Soft Contact Lens for Esthetic and Functional Rehabilitation. Eye Contact Lens 2021; 47:383-387. [PMID: 34128481 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the outcomes and complications of colored soft contact lenses (SCLs) to improve esthetic or eye function in visually impaired (VI) or blind patients. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled consecutive patients with unilateral or bilateral VI or blindness who had received colored SCLs to improve appearance or ocular function. Data were collected on demographics, complaints, complete ophthalmological examinations, types of SCL, follow-ups, and complications. RESULTS The study sample was comprised of 109 patients (ages 4-80 years). Eighty-six patients (78.89%) had unilateral blindness, and 14 patients (12.84%) had functional disorder. Most of the patients presenting for improved esthetic had anterior segment pathology (74/67.88%), mainly secondary to trauma (55/50.5%) resulting in leukoma (73/66.97%). Patients with functional VI (19/17.43%) received filtered SCLs for color blindness (7/6.42%), diplopia (7/6.42%), or photophobia (5/4.58%). No serious complications were observed in any cases, and 94.49% of patients were satisfied with the SCLs. CONCLUSION Colored SCLs can cover ocular surface imperfections in VI or blind eyes of patients who are seeking better cosmesis or improvement functional VI. Soft contact lenses with only one filter can cover imperfections of the ocular surface and improve vision in functional VI. Appropriate follow-up of these patients can reduce complication rates, resulting in good cosmesis and patient satisfaction with a positive impact on the lives of patients suffering from functional VI or blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia de Paula Yoneda
- Eye Department of Contat lenses (P.P.Y. and V.F.S.), Hospital Sadalla Amin Ghanem, Joinville, SC, Brazil; Department of Ophthalmology (S.A.S.), Medical School, State University of Sao Paulo-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; and Department of Biostatistic (C.R.P.), Biosciences Institute, State University of Sao Paulo-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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12
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Silver Nanoparticles Conjugated with Contact Lens Solutions May Reduce the Risk of Acanthamoeba Keratitis. PATHOGENS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:pathogens10050583. [PMID: 34064555 PMCID: PMC8151187 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), a severe sight-threatening corneal infection, has become a significant medical problem, especially among contact lens wearers. The disease manifests as eye pain, congestion, blurred vision, lachrymation, and ring-shaped infiltrates of the cornea, and can lead to permanent blindness. Inappropriate habits of contact lens users may result in an increased risk of AK infection. The anti-amoebic efficiency of popular multipurpose contact lens solutions is insufficient to reduce this risk. An effective and non-toxic therapy against AK has not yet been developed. The prevention of AK is crucial to reduce the number of AK infections. Nanoparticles are known to be active agents against bacteria, viruses, and fungi and were also recently tested against protozoa, including Acanthamoeba spp. In our previous studies, we proved the anti-amoebic and anti-adhesive activity of silver nanoparticles against Acanthamoeba castellanii. The aim of this study is to evaluate the activity, cytotoxicity, and anti-adhesive properties of silver nanoparticles conjugated with five commonly used multipurpose contact lens solutions against the Acanthamoeba castellanii NEFF strain. The obtained results show a significant increase in anti-amoebic activity, without increasing the overall cytotoxicity, of Solo Care Aqua and Opti Free conjugated with nanoparticles. The adhesion of Acanthamoeba trophozoites to the contact lens surface is also significantly reduced. We conclude that low concentrations of silver nanoparticles can be used as an ingredient in contact lens solutions to decrease the risk of Acanthamoeba keratitis infection.
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13
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Mitsuwan W, Sin C, Keo S, Sangkanu S, de Lourdes Pereira M, Jimoh TO, Salibay CC, Nawaz M, Norouzi R, Siyadatpanah A, Wiart C, Wilairatana P, Mutombo PN, Nissapatorn V. Potential anti- Acanthamoeba and anti-adhesion activities of Annona muricata and Combretum trifoliatum extracts and their synergistic effects in combination with chlorhexidine against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06976. [PMID: 34027178 PMCID: PMC8131895 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants with medicinal properties have been used in the treatment of several infectious diseases, including Acanthamoeba infections. The medicinal properties of Cambodian plant extracts; Annona muricata and Combretum trifoliatum were investigated against Acanthamoeba triangularis. A total of 39 plant extracts were evaluated and, as a result, 22 extracts showed positive anti-Acanthamoeba activity. Of the 22 extracts, 9 and 4 extracts showed anti-Acanthamoeba activity against trophozoites and cysts of A. triangularis, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of A. muricata and C. trifoliatum extracts against trophozoites and cysts was 500 and 1,000 μg/mL, respectively. The combination of A. muricata at 1/4×MIC with chlorhexidine at 1/8×MIC demonstrated a synergistic effect against trophozoites, but partial synergy against cysts. A 40% reduction in trophozoites and 60% of cysts adhered to the plastic surface treated with both extracts at 1/2×MIC were noted comparing to the control (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a reduction of 80% and 90% of trophozoites adhered to the surface was observed after pre-treatment with A. muricata and C. trifoliatum extracts, respectively. A 90% of cysts adhered to the surface was decreased with pre-treatment of A. muricata at 1/2×MIC (P < 0.05). A 75% of trophozoites and cysts from Acanthamoeba adhered to the surface were removed after treatment with both extracts at 4×MIC (P < 0.05). In the model of contact lens, 1 log cells/mL of trophozoites and cysts was significantly decreased post-treatment with both extracts compared to the control. Trophozoites showed strong loss of acanthopodia and thorn-like projection pseudopodia, while cysts demonstrated retraction and folded appearance treated with both extracts when observed by SEM, which suggests the potential benefits of the medicinal plants A. muricata and C. trifoliatum as an option treatment against Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.,Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College and Research Center of Excellence in Innovation of Essential Oil, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chea Sin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Samell Keo
- Academic Center for Education and Training (ACET), Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Suthinee Sangkanu
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tajudeen O Jimoh
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry, Habib Medical School, Islamic University in Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Cristina C Salibay
- College of Science and Computer Studies, De La Salle University-Dasmarinas, Dasmarinas City, Cavite, Philippines
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roghayeh Norouzi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Christophe Wiart
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Polydor Ngoy Mutombo
- Independent Consultant, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Park S, Kim GU, Kim H. Physical Comorbidity According to Diagnoses and Sex among Psychiatric Inpatients in South Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4187. [PMID: 33920944 PMCID: PMC8071239 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
People with mental disorders are susceptible to physical comorbidities. Mind-body interventions are important for improving health outcomes. We examined the prevalence of physical comorbidities and their differences by diagnoses and sex among psychiatric inpatients. The dataset, from National Health Insurance claims data, included 48,902 adult inpatients admitted to psychiatric wards for at least 2 days in 2016 treated for schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders, or mood disorders. We identified 26 physical comorbidities using the Elixhauser comorbidity measure. Among schizophrenia-related disorders, other neurological disorders were most common, then liver disease and chronic pulmonary disease. Among mood disorders, liver disease was most common, then uncomplicated hypertension and chronic pulmonary disease. Most comorbid physical diseases (except other neurological disorders) were more prevalent in mood disorders than schizophrenia-related disorders. Male and female patients with schizophrenia-related disorders showed similar comorbidity prevalence patterns by sex. Among patients with mood disorders, liver disease was most prevalent in males and third-most in females. In both diagnostic groups, liver disease and uncomplicated diabetes mellitus were more prevalent in males, and hypothyroidism in females. Mental health professionals should refer to a specialist to manage physical diseases via early assessments and optimal interventions for physical comorbidities in psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suin Park
- College of Nursing, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Korea;
| | - Go-Un Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyunlye Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
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Shi L, Muthukumar V, Stachon T, Latta L, Elhawy MI, Gunaratnam G, Orosz E, Seitz B, Kiderlen AF, Bischoff M, Szentmáry N. The Effect of Anti-Amoebic Agents and Ce6-PDT on Acanthamoeba castellanii Trophozoites and Cysts, In Vitro. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:29. [PMID: 33262903 PMCID: PMC7691790 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.12.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze the concentration-dependent effects of biguanides (polyhexamethylene biguanide [PHMB], chlorhexidine [CH]); diamidines (hexamidine-diisethionate [HD], propamidine-isethionate [PD], dibromopropamidine-diisethionate [DD]); natamycin (NM); miltefosine (MF); povidone iodine (PVPI), and chlorin e6 PDT on Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts, in vitro. Methods Strain 1BU was cultured in peptone-yeast extract-glucose medium. Trophozoites or cysts were cultured in PYG medium containing each agent at 100%, 50%, and 25% of maximum concentration for 2 hours. The percentage of dead trophozoites was determined using a non-radioactive cytotoxicity assay and trypan blue staining. Treated cysts were also maintained on non-nutrient agar Escherichia coli (E. coli) plates and observed for 3 weeks. Results All tested drugs displayed significant cytotoxic effects on 1BU cells based on the biochemical and staining-based viability assays tested. On non-nutrient agar E. coli plates, neither trophozoites nor freshly formed cysts were observed after PHMB, PD, NM, and PVPI treatment, respectively, within 3 weeks. However, CH-, HD-, DD-, and MF-treated cysts could excyst, multiply, and encyst again. Conclusions The off-label drugs PHMB, PD, NM, and PVPI are under in vitro conditions more effective against strain 1BU than CH, HD, DD, and MF. Our findings also suggest that the non-nutrient agar E. coli plate assay should be considered as method of choice for the in vitro analysis of the treatment efficacy of anti-amoebic agents. Translational Relevance Ophthalmologists may optimize the treatment regime against Acanthamoeba keratitis by pre-testing the in vitro susceptibilities of the Acanthamoeba strain against drugs of interest with the non-nutrient E. coli agar plate assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Vithusan Muthukumar
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tanja Stachon
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Lorenz Latta
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ibrahem Elhawy
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Gubesh Gunaratnam
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Erika Orosz
- Department of Parasitology, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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16
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Mitsuwan W, Sangkanu S, Romyasamit C, Kaewjai C, Jimoh TO, de Lourdes Pereira M, Siyadatpanah A, Kayesth S, Nawaz M, Rahmatullah M, Butler MS, Wilairatana P, Wiart C, Nissapatorn V. Curcuma longa rhizome extract and Curcumin reduce the adhesion of Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts in polystyrene plastic surface and contact lens. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2020; 14:218-229. [PMID: 33238231 PMCID: PMC7691445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcuma longa and Curcumin have been documented to have a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects, including anti-Acanthamoeba activity. Hence, this study sought to explore the anti-adhesion activity of C. longa extract and Curcumin against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts in plastic and contact lenses. Our results showed that C. longa extract and Curcumin significantly inhibited the adhesion of A. triangularis trophozoites and cysts to the plastic surface, as investigated by the crystal violet assay (P < 0.05). Also, an 80-90% decrease in adhesion of trophozoites and cysts to the plastic surface was detected following the treatment with C. longa extract and Curcumin at 1/2 × MIC, compared to the control. In the contact lens model, approximately 1 log cells/mL of the trophozoites and cysts was reduced when the cells were treated with Curcumin, when compared to the control. Pre-treatment of the plastic surface with Curcumin at 1/2-MIC reduced 60% and 90% of the adhesion of trophozoites and cysts, respectively. The reduction in 1 Log cells/mL of the adhesion of A. triangularis trophozoites was observed when lenses were pre-treated with both the extract and Curcumin. Base on the results obtained from this study, A. triangularis trophozoites treated with C. longa extract and Curcumin have lost strong acanthopodia, thorn-like projection pseudopodia observed by scanning electron microscope. This study also revealed the therapeutic potentials of C. longa extract and Curcumin, as such, have promising anti-adhesive potential that can be used in the management/prevention of A. triangularis adhesion to contact lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Suthinee Sangkanu
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chonticha Romyasamit
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chalermpon Kaewjai
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tajudeen O Jimoh
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry, Habib Medical School, Islamic University in Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sunil Kayesth
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative Lalmatia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mark S Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Christophe Wiart
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team), World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
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17
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Hendiger EB, Padzik M, Sifaoui I, Reyes-Batlle M, López-Arencibia A, Rizo-Liendo A, Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, San Nicolás-Hernández D, Chiboub O, Rodríguez-Expósito RL, Grodzik M, Pietruczuk-Padzik A, Stępień K, Olędzka G, Chomicz L, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. Silver Nanoparticles as a Novel Potential Preventive Agent against Acanthamoeba Keratitis. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9050350. [PMID: 32380785 PMCID: PMC7281428 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9050350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Free living, cosmopolitan amoebae from Acanthamoeba genus present a serious risk to human health. As facultative human parasites, these amoebae may cause Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Acanthamoeba keratitis is a severe, vision-threatening corneal infection with non-specific symptoms. The number of reported AK cases worldwide has been increasing every year. Moreover, 90% of Acanthamoeba keratitis cases are related to contact lens use. Wearing and storage contact lenses not in accordance with the physicians and manufacturers recommendations are the primary key risk factors of this disease. Amoebae can easily adhere to the contact lens surface and transmit to the corneal epithelium. Preventing amoebae adhesion to the contact lens surface could significantly decrease the number of AK infections. Until now, the effective therapy against AK is still under development. Currently proposed therapies are mainly limited to the chlorhexidine digluconate combined with propamidine isethionate or hexamidine applications, which are insufficient and very toxic to the eye. Due to lack of effective treatment, looking for new potential preventive agents is crucial to decrease the number of Acanthamoeba keratitis infections, especially among contact lens users. Nanoparticles have been already included in several novel therapies against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protist. However, their anti-amoebic potential has not been fully tested yet. The aim of this study was to assess silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) anti-amoebic activity and influence on the amoebae adhesion to the surface of four different groups of contact lenses-classified according to the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) guidelines. The obtained results show that both tested nanoparticles were effective against Acanthamoeba trophozoites and decreased the amoebae adhesion to the contact lens surface. AgNPs showed better anti-amoebic activity to cytotoxicity dependence and reduced amoebae adhesion in a wider spectrum of the tested contact lenses. Our studies also confirmed that ionization next to hydration of the contact lens material is a crucial parameter influencing the Acanthamoeba adhesion to the contact lens surface. In conclusion, silver nanoparticles might be considered as a novel preventive agent against Acanthamoeba keratitis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta B. Hendiger
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (G.O.); (L.C.)
| | - Marcin Padzik
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (G.O.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-503-151-318
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Aitor Rizo-Liendo
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Carlos J. Bethencourt-Estrella
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Desirée San Nicolás-Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Olfa Chiboub
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, La Marsa, University of Carthage, 2070 Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Rubén L. Rodríguez-Expósito
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Marta Grodzik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology and Experimental Ecology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Pietruczuk-Padzik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.-P.); (K.S.)
| | - Karolina Stępień
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.-P.); (K.S.)
| | - Gabriela Olędzka
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (G.O.); (L.C.)
| | - Lidia Chomicz
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-575 Warsaw, Poland; (G.O.); (L.C.)
| | - José E. Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias and Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna. Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain; (E.B.H.); (I.S.); (M.R.-B.); (A.L.-A.); (A.R.-L.); (C.J.B.-E.); (D.S.N.-H.); (O.C.); (R.L.R.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
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18
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Mitsuwan W, Bunsuwansakul C, Leonard TE, Laohaprapanon S, Hounkong K, Bunluepuech K, Kaewjai C, Mahboob T, Sumudi Raju C, Dhobi M, Pereira MDL, Nawaz M, Wiart C, Siyadatpanah A, Norouzi R, Nissapatorn V. Curcuma longa ethanol extract and Curcumin inhibit the growth of Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts isolated from water reservoirs at Walailak University, Thailand. Pathog Glob Health 2020; 114:194-204. [PMID: 32315247 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2020.1755551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CURCUMA LONGA (C. longa) rhizome extract has been traditionally used to treat many infections. Curcumin, a pure compound isolated from the plant, has been documented to possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Thai medicinal plant extracts including C. longa extract and Curcumin on Acanthamoeba triangularis, a causative agent of human Acanthamoeba keratitis. The parasite was isolated from the recreational reservoir at Walailak University, Thailand. The organism was identified as A. triangularis using morphology and 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences. The pathogen was tested for their susceptibility to ethanol extracts of Thai medicinal plants based on eye infection treatment. The ethanol C. longa extract showed the strongest anti-Acanthamoeba activity against both the trophozoites and cysts, followed by Coscinium fenestratum, Coccinia grandis, and Acmella oleracea extracts, respectively. After 24 h, 95% reduction of trophozoite viability was significantly decreased following the treatment with C. longa extract at 125 µg/mL, compared with the control (P < 0.05). The extract at 1,000 µg/mL inhibited 90% viability of Acanthamoeba cyst within 24 h, compared with the control. It was found that the cysts treated with C. longa extract at 500 µg/mL demonstrated abnormal shape after 24 h. The MIC values of C. longa extract and Curcumin against the trophozoites were 125 and 62.5 µg/mL, respectively. While the MICs of the extract and curcumin against the cysts were 500 and 1,000 µg/mL, respectively. The results suggested the potential medicinal benefits of C. longa extract and Curcumin as the alternative treatment of Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chooseel Bunsuwansakul
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Theodore Ebenezer Leonard
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences , Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Kruawan Hounkong
- Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University , Narathiwat, Thailand
| | - Kingkan Bunluepuech
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chalermpon Kaewjai
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Rangsit University , Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tooba Mahboob
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chandramathi Sumudi Raju
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahaveer Dhobi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University , Delhi, India
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro , Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University , Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences , Birjand, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Norouzi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz , Tabriz, Iran
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University , Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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