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Fan JF, Huang S, Li J, Peng RJ, Huang H, Ding XP, Jiang LP, Xi J. A Human Case of Lumbosacral Canal Sparganosis in China. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 59:635-638. [PMID: 34974670 PMCID: PMC8721303 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we intended to describe a human case of lumbosacral canal sparganosis in People’s Republic of China (China). A 56-year-old man was admitted to Xiangya Hospital Central South University in Changsha, Hunan province, China after having an experience of perianal pain for a week. An enhancing mass, a tumor clinically suggested, was showed at the S1–S2 level of the lumbosacral spine by the examination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium contrast. The patient was received the laminectomy from S1 to S2, and an ivory-white living worm was detected in inferior margin of L5. In ELISA-test with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples, anti-sparganum antibodies were detected. He had a ingesting history of undercooked frog meat in his youth. By the present study, a human case of spinal sparganosis invaded in lumbosacral canal at the S1–S2 level was diagnosed in China. Although the surgical removal of larvae is known to be the best way of treatment for sparganosis, we administered the high-dosage of praziquantel, albendazole and dexamethasone to prevent the occurrence of another remain worms in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren-Jun Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Ping Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding authors (; )
| | - Jian Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,
People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding authors (; )
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Sharma S, Mahajan RK, Ram H, Karikalan M, Achra A. Sparganosis mimicking a soft-tissue tumor: A diagnostic challenge. Trop Parasitol 2021; 11:49-52. [PMID: 34195062 PMCID: PMC8213118 DOI: 10.4103/tp.tp_40_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Human sparganosis is a rare but important food borne zoonosis and could be attributed to increased consumption of raw meat of fish, frogs, snakes etc. Sparganosis may involve varied organ systems but subcutaneous sparganosis remains the one of the commonly reported clinical condition. Rarity of this problem reinforces the necessity of sensitising the treating physicians of the differential possibility of this infection in patients with history of practice of consuming raw meat. Expansion of health communication and provision of safe food and water by the civic agencies can be a part of powerful preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwangi Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, ABVIMS, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Hira Ram
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-IVRI, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Karikalan
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation Management and Disease Surveillance, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Achra
- Department of Microbiology, ABVIMS, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Human proliferative sparganosis update. Parasitol Int 2019; 75:102036. [PMID: 31841658 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative sparganosis is one of the most bizarre and mysterious parasitic diseases ever described. The causative parasite is Sparganum proliferum, which is a pseudophyllidean cestode distinct from Spirometra tapeworms. Here we overview this rare but fascinating disease with the all original case reports on human patients published in the last 115 years. Proliferative sparganosis is clearly divided into two disease types, cutaneous and internal proliferative sparganosis. Cutaneous type starts with a skin eruption caused by the dermal invasion of a sparganum. Skin lesion progresses to larger areas of the body if left untreated. Various internal organs and body wall can be eventually affected. The clinical symptoms of patients in this group are very similar to each other. Molecular data suggest that cutaneous proliferative sparganosis is caused by S. proliferum of which genetic variation is limited, regardless of the time or localities of the emergence of patients. Internal proliferative sparganosis, on the other hand, is much more heterogeneous. Some cases show aggressive infection in internal organs, while others show only restricted lesions. Some of the cases that had been cited as proliferative sparganosis in the past literature were removed from the list, because they were judged as cyclophyllidean tapeworm infections. DNA sequencing is mandatory for the definite diagnosis of proliferative sparganosis. The Venezuelan strain of S. proliferum is maintained in experimental mice in Japan, which is fully prepared for the experimental study with advanced technologies in modern molecular biology.
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Trupti B, Shirish N, Maneesha P, Santosh A. An unusual case of urinary sparganosis in the Indian subcontinent. Indian J Urol 2018; 34:158-160. [PMID: 29692513 PMCID: PMC5894292 DOI: 10.4103/iju.iju_273_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirometra is a genus of pseudophyllidean cestode that reproduces in canines and felines but can cause pathology in humans. When humans harbour plerocercoids of these tapeworms outside the intestine, it can cause sparganosis. We report a case of urinary sparganosis in a young woman, passing multiple spargana worms in her urine. The worm was identified as the plerocercoid larvae of Spirometra spp., and the case was managed successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bajpai Trupti
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG Institute, Indore, MP, India.,Department of Pathology, RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nandedkar Shirish
- Department of Pathology, RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pandey Maneesha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi, India
| | - Agrawal Santosh
- Department of Urology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG Institute, Indore, MP, India
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Zhao YM, Zhang HC, Li ZR, Zhang HY. Scrotal sparganosis mimicking scrotal teratoma in an infant: a case report and literature review. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2014; 52:545-9. [PMID: 25352706 PMCID: PMC4210740 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2014.52.5.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Sparganosis is an infection with a parasitic tapeworm larva that occurs by eating infected foods or drinking contaminated water. The larvae can migrate to a tissue or muscle in the chest, abdominal wall, extremities, eyes, brain, urinary tract, pleura, pericardium, spinal canal, or scrotum. Herein, we report a 5-month old infant with scrotal sparganosis who was initially suspected to have a scrotal inflammatory mass with a history of applying raw frog meat into the umbilicus. Preoperative ultrasound examinations and computed tomography (CT) scanning misdiagnosed the mass as a scrotal teratoma. The scrotal mass was surgically removed, and the histopathology proved it to be scrotal sparganosis. This case displays the youngest patient ever reported with scrotal sparganosis, and the first description of CT characteristics of scrotal sparganosis. A detailed medical history is necessary for patients with scrotal masses suspected of sparganosis. In addition, ultrasound and CT examinations are helpful to rule out other causes of a scrotal mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hao-Chuan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhong-Rong Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
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Oh Y, Kim JT, Kim MK, Chang YJ, Eom K, Park JG, Lee KM, Choe KH, An JY. Eosinophilic pleuritis due to sparganum: a case report. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2014; 52:541-3. [PMID: 25352705 PMCID: PMC4210739 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2014.52.5.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Sparganosis is a rare parasitic disease caused by migrating plerocercoid tapeworm larva of the genus Spirometra. Infection in humans is mainly caused by the ingestion of raw or inadequately cooked flesh of infected frogs, snakes, and chickens. Here, we report a rare case of a 45-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital with left lower chest pain. The chest radiograph and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed localized pleural effusion in the left lower lobe; further, peripheral blood eosinophilia and eosinophilic pleural effusion were present. Percutaneous catheter drainage was performed, which revealed long worm-shaped material that was identified as a sparganum by DNA sequencing. The patient showed clinical improvement after drainage of the sparganum. This study demonstrates the importance of considering parasitic diseases in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilic pleural effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngmin Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
| | - You-Jin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
| | - Keeseon Eom
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea. ; Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
| | - Jung-Gi Park
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea. ; Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
| | - Ki-Man Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
| | - Kang-Hyeon Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
| | - Jin-Young An
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-711, Korea
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Multiple sparganosis in an immunosuppressed patient. Arch Plast Surg 2013; 40:479-81. [PMID: 23898459 PMCID: PMC3724023 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2013.40.4.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Bauchet AL, Joubert C, Helies JM, Lacour S, Bosquet N, Le Grand R, Guillot J, Lachapelle F. Disseminated Sparganosis in a Cynomolgus Macaque (Macaca fascicularis). J Comp Pathol 2013; 148:294-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yeo JY, Han JY, Lee JH, Park YH, Lim JH, Lee MH, Kim CS, Yi HG. A case of inguinal sparganosis mimicking myeloid sarcoma. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2012; 50:353-5. [PMID: 23230335 PMCID: PMC3514429 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report here a case of inguinal sparganosis, initially regarded as myeloid sarcoma, diagnosed in a patient undergone allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (HSCT). A 56-year-old male patient having myelodysplastic syndrome was treated with allogeneic HSCT after myeloablative conditioning regimen. At day 5 post-HSCT, the patient complained of a painless palpable mass on the left scrotum and inguinal area. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed suspected myeloid sarcoma. Gun-biopsy was performed, and the result revealed eosinophilic infiltrations without malignancy. Subsequent serologic IgG antibody test was positive for sparganum. Excisional biopsy as a therapeutic diagnosis was done, and the diagnosis of sparganosis was confirmed eventually. This is the first report of sparganosis after allogeneic HSCT mimicking myeloid sarcoma, giving a lesson that the physicians have to consider the possibility of sparganosis in this clinical situation and perform adequate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yeob Yeo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 400-711, Korea
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Kim DW, Kim DW, Yoo WG, Nam SH, Lee MR, Yang HW, Park J, Lee K, Lee S, Cho SH, Lee WJ, Park HS, Ju JW. SpiroESTdb: a transcriptome database and online tool for sparganum expressed sequences tags. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:130. [PMID: 22397686 PMCID: PMC3329409 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sparganum (plerocercoid of Spirometra erinacei) is a parasite that possesses the remarkable ability to survive by successfully modifying its physiology and morphology to suit various hosts and can be found in various tissues, even the nervous system. However, surprisingly little is known about the molecular function of genes that are expressed during the course of the parasite life cycle. To begin to decipher the molecular processes underlying gene function, we constructed a database of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated from sparganum. Findings SpiroESTdb is a web-based information resource that is built upon the annotation and curation of 5,655 ESTs data. SpiroESTdb provides an integrated platform for expressed sequence data, expression dynamics, functional genes, genetic markers including single nucleotide polymorphisms and tandem repeats, gene ontology and KEGG pathway information. Moreover, SpiroESTdb supports easy access to gene pages, such as (i) curation and query forms, (ii) in silico expression profiling and (iii) BLAST search tools. Comprehensive descriptions of the sparganum content of all sequenced data are available, including summary reports. The contents of SpiroESTdb can be viewed and downloaded from the web (http://pathod.cdc.go.kr/spiroestdb). Conclusions This integrative web-based database of sequence data, functional annotations and expression profiling data will serve as a useful tool to help understand and expand the characterization of parasitic infections. It can also be used to identify potential industrial drug targets and vaccine candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Won Kim
- Division of Malaria and Parasitic Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong 363-951, Republic of Korea
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Ha KY, Oh IS. Case report: Lower extremity sparganosis in a bursa. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2011; 469:2072-4. [PMID: 21519938 PMCID: PMC3111765 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-011-1901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sparganosis is a rare parasitic infection caused by the plerocercoid tapeworm larva of the genus Spirometra. CASE DESCRIPTION We report the case of a 67-year-old man with a mass over the anteromedial surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia. We surgically excised a bursa containing Spirometra larvae. LITERATURE REVIEW Sparganosis is a rare parasitic infection. We found no cases of lower extremity sparganosis combined with bursitis reported in the literature. PURPOSES AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Sparganosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors, especially among patients who frequently have consumed mountain water or raw snakes or frogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee-Yong Ha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Soo Oh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Incheon St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 665-8 Bupyeong 6-Dong, Bupyeong-Ku, Incheon 403-828 Korea
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