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Zhang X, Mi R, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Sun T, Jia H, Huang Y, Gong H, Han X, Chen Z. Low prevalence of spargana infection in farmed frogs in the Yangtze River Delta of China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 85:104466. [PMID: 32682864 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Frogs are the main source of infection for human sparganosis. In this study, the prevalence and pathogenicity of plerocercoid larvae (sparganum) in frogs collected from the Yangtze River Delta in East China were investigated. A total of 386 frogs belonging to five species were purchased from farmers' markets across all three provincial level areas in the Yangtze River Delta region. The overall prevalence was 4.9% (19/386), and 39 spargana were detected visually, with the intensity ranging from 1 to 11. The spargana infection rate was 7.7% (11/143) in Jiangsu Province and 4.4% (8/181) in Shanghai City, while no spargana infection was detected in Zhejiang Province. In five tested frog species, only Rana nigromaculata and R. limnocharis were found to harbor spargana infection, with a prevalence of 7.7% (13/168) and 6.3% (6/95), respectively. There was no significant difference among the months of the experimental period, July to September. The spargana mostly parasitized the muscle tissues of frogs, especially in the hind legs. All the spargana were identified by molecular analysis based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) genes, and all plerocercoids were Spirometra erinaceieuropaei. Nine mice were infected orally with 1 to 3 scoleces, and 77.8% (14/18) of plerocercoids were found in mice at the 30th day post infection. No obvious clinical symptoms were observed in the mice; however, histopathological analysis showed an inflammatory cellular response in all tissues except intestinal tissue. Hematologic analysis showed an increased number of white blood cells (WBCs) at the 18th day post infection. These results indicated that R. nigromaculata and R. limnocharis are a potential source of zoonotic sparganosis in the Yangtze River Delta of China, and farmed frogs may substantially reduce zoonotic risk as compared to eating wild frogs. Our findings will provide data for frog food safety and prevention and control of sparganosis in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Rongsheng Mi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yehua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Haiyan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Haiyan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Xiangan Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Zhaoguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
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Kavana N, Sonaimuthu P, Kasanga C, Kassuku A, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Fong MY, Khan MB, Mahmud R, Lau YL. Seroprevalence of Sparganosis in Rural Communities of Northern Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 95:874-876. [PMID: 27481059 PMCID: PMC5062792 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the seroprevalence of sparganosis and its relationship with sociodemographic factors in northern Tanzania have been assessed. A total of 216 serum samples from two rural districts, Monduli and Babati, were tested for sparganosis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The seroprevalence of anti-sparganum IgG antibodies was 62.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 56.1–68.9) in all age groups. There were significant associations between district (relative risk [RR] = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.42–2.69), education (RR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.15–1.70), and pet ownership with seropositivity (RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02–2.16) based on univariate analysis. However, only the district was significantly associated with seropositivity (odds ratio = 4.20, 95% CI = 1.89–9.32) in binary logistic regression analysis. Providing health education to people residing in sparganosis-endemic areas is likely to improve the efficacy of preventative measures and reduce human disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Kavana
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Parthasarathy Sonaimuthu
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Christopher Kasanga
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Ayub Kassuku
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Endemic and Tropical Diseases Unit, Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mun Yik Fong
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Behram Khan
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohela Mahmud
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Ling Lau
- Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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