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Hu Y, Zhan RJ, Lu SL, Zhang YY, Zhou MY, Huang H, Wang DD, Zhang T, Huang ZX, Zhou YF, Lv ZY. Global distribution of zoonotic digenetic trematodes: a scoping review. Infect Dis Poverty 2024; 13:46. [PMID: 38877531 PMCID: PMC11177464 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-024-01208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digenetic trematodes, including blood flukes, intestinal flukes, liver flukes, lung flukes, and pancreatic flukes, are highly diverse and distributed widely. They affect at least 200 million people worldwide, so better understanding of their global distribution and prevalence are crucial for controlling and preventing human trematodiosis. Hence, this scoping review aims to conduct a comprehensive investigation on the spatio-temporal distribution and epidemiology of some important zoonotic digenetic trematodes. METHODS We conducted a scoping review by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases for articles, reviews, and case reports of zoonotic digenetic trematodes, without any restrictions on the year of publication. We followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify relevant studies. And relevant information of the identified studies were collected and summarized. RESULTS We identified a total of 470 articles that met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review finally. Our analysis revealed the prevalence and global distribution of species in Schistosoma, Echinostoma, Isthmiophora, Echinochasmus, Paragonimus, Opisthorchiidae, Fasciolidae, Heterophyidae, and Eurytrema. Although some flukes are distributed worldwide, developing countries in Asia and Africa are still the most prevalent areas. Furthermore, there were some overlaps between the distribution of zoonotic digenetic trematodes from the same genus, and the prevalence of some zoonotic digenetic trematodes was not entirely consistent with their global distribution. The temporal disparities in zoonotic digenetic trematodes may attribute to the environmental changes. The gaps in our knowledge of the epidemiology and control of zoonotic digenetic trematodes indicate the need for large cohort studies in most countries. CONCLUSIONS This review provides important insights into the prevalence and global distribution of some zoonotic digenetic trematodes, firstly reveals spatio-temporal disparities in these digenetic trematodes. Countries with higher prevalence rate could be potential sources of transmitting diseases to other areas and are threat for possible outbreaks in the future. Therefore, continued global efforts to control and prevent human trematodiosis, and more international collaborations are necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Rong-Jian Zhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi-Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min-Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ding-Ding Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhi-Yue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
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Caruso D, Kong L, Keo S, Yoeurn S, Seng S. Prevalence of Foodborne Trematodes in Small Indigenous Fish Species in Local Markets of Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:141-150. [PMID: 37971494 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and mean infection intensity of zoonotic foodborne trematodes (FBT) in small indigenous species (SIS) fish hosts. Materials and Methods: A total of 8630 specimens of unknown origin were collected from the markets in Phnom Penh City. Fish were identified, weighed, and separated into 20 g subsamples for each fish species, and were examined using the artificial digestion method. A total of 10 species of FBT were detected in 11 species of fish out of the 23 species of fish in the total sample. Results: All infected FBT species were intestinal flukes. No liver flukes were found. The overall prevalence of FBT infection was 29.3% ± 5.3%, and the mean intensity was 0.85 ± 1.89 metacercariae (Mc)/g. The highest FBT prevalence was observed for Isthmiophora hortensis (10.7%) and Centrocestus formosanus (7.9%). Other species identified were Diplostomum spp., Echinochasmus japonicus, Echinostoma revolutum, Echinostoma sudanense, Haplorchis taichui, Haplorchis pumilio Heterophyes spp., and Procerovum varium. The highest mean intensity was found for Diplostomum spp. (1.75 ± 3.03 Mc/g). Trichopsis vittata was one of the main species constituting the SIS in urban markets (31.72%) and showed the highest prevalence of FBT (75.0%). In addition, T. vittata had the highest diversity of intestinal flukes compared with other fish species. Amblypharyngodon chulabhornae showed the highest mean intensity. but low diversity (only two species) and low prevalence. Conclusions: T. vittata could be considered a potential indicator for targeted monitoring of FBT intestinal flukes, but A. chulabhornae could also be considered for quantitative studies considering its high mean intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Caruso
- ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France, c/o Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Pehn, Cambodia
| | - Lin Kong
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement IRD-Cambodia, c/o Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Pehn, Cambodia
| | - Samnang Keo
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement IRD-Cambodia, c/o Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Pehn, Cambodia
| | - Sreyni Yoeurn
- Faculty of Fishery, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Pehn, Cambodia
| | - Samphal Seng
- Faculty of Fishery, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Pehn, Cambodia
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Jiang F, Zhang W, Pan Y, Yu X, Cao J, Du N, Zhu M, Gu S, Zhan X. Identification and prevalence investigation of cyathocotylid trematode (Trematoda: Digenea: Cyathocotylidae) in Carassius auratus in Wuhu, China. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1185-1193. [PMID: 36646865 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The family Cyathocotylidae trematode is a world-widely distributed parasite whose adults are mainly found in fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals in both freshwater and marine environments. However, little is known of the prevalence of these trematode in China. For the first time, we found Cyathocotylidae trematode in the Wuhu area. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of metacercariae in Carassius auratus from Zhang Lake, Kui Lake, Qingyi River, and Yangtze River (Wuhu Section) in Wuhu area. A total of 392 one-year-old C. auratus were tested in January, April, July, and October 2019, respectively. After the fish were euthanized, the back, chest, and tail muscles were used for preliminary screening for the presence of metacercariae by direct compression method. Metacercariae were isolated by the artificial digestion method and then morphologically and molecularly identified by cox1 (642 bp) and ITS2 (418 bp) sequences amplification by PCR. Based on morphological features and sequence analysis, they were identified as cyathocotylid metacercariae. The four water sources have different degrees of prevalence throughout the year, the prevalence ranges from 28.45% (29/102) in Yangtze River to 50.55% (46/91) in Zhang Lake, with an average prevalence of 40.56% (159/392). There were also differences in the prevalence in different months: The highest occurred in July, which was 81.63% (80/98), while the lowest occurred in January, which was 8.89% (8/90). This study can provide basic data for the prevention and control of cyathocotylid trematode in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Wanyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xudong Yu
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiacheng Cao
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Ningning Du
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyi Zhu
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Shengli Gu
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhan
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Macro-molecules, 241002, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
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Abuzeid AMI, Hefni MM, Huang Y, He L, Zhuang T, Li G. Immune pathogenesis in pigeons during experimental Prohemistomum vivax infection. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:974698. [PMID: 36187827 PMCID: PMC9516004 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.974698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prohemistomum vivax is a small trematode belonging to the family Cyathocotylidae, infecting fish-eating birds and mammals, including humans. However, no data on molecular identification and immune pathogenesis are available, challenging effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Here, we identified P. vivax based on combined morphological and molecular data and examined histopathological lesions and the differential cytokines expression in experimentally infected pigeons. Pigeons were orally infected with 500 prohemistomid metacercariae. Intestinal and spleen tissues were harvested 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-infection (dpi). Gene expression levels of eleven cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, IFN-γ, and TGF-β3) were assessed using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). We identified the recovered flukes as Prohemistomum vivax based on morphological features and the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), 5.8 ribosomal RNA, and ITS2 region. Histopathological lesions were induced as early as 2 dpi, with the intensity of villi atrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration increasing as the infection progressed. An early immunosuppressive state (2 and 4 dpi), with TGF-β3 overexpression, developed to allow parasite colonization. A mixed Th1/Th2 immune response (overexpressed IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-5) was activated as the infection progressed from 7 to 28 dpi. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, and IL-15) were generally overexpressed at 7–28 dpi, peaking at 7 or 14 dpi. The upregulated Treg IL-10 expression peaking between 21 and 28 dpi might promote the Th1/Th2 balance and immune homeostasis to protect the host from excessive tissue pathology and inflammation. The intestine and spleen expressed a significantly different relative quantity of cytokines throughout the infection. To conclude, our results presented distinct cytokine alteration throughout P. vivax infection in pigeons, which may aid in understanding the immune pathogenesis and host defense mechanism against this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M. I. Abuzeid
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Hefni
- Institute of Biotechnology for Postgraduates Studies and Researches, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Mahmoud M. Hefni
| | - Yue Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guoqing Li
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Wiroonpan P, Chontananarth T, Chai JY, Purivirojkul W. The high diversity of trematode metacercariae that parasitize freshwater gastropods in Bangkok, Thailand, and their infective situations, morphologies, and phylogenetic relationships. Parasitology 2022; 149:1-56. [PMID: 35264280 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe investigated diversity, infective situations, morphological features and phylogenetic relationships of the metacercariae in freshwater snails from Bangkok between March 2018 and February 2020. Crushing and dissection techniques were performed to explore the metacercariae in the snail hosts. Polymerase chain reaction was implemented to amplify the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), 5.8S ribosomal DNA and ITS2 regions of metacercarial DNA. A total of 3173 of all 21 707 snails showed infections with metacercariae, representing a relatively high infective prevalence (14.62%) compared to earlier research. All infected snails belonged to 14 species/subspecies. A group of viviparid snails exhibited the highest metacercarial infections (26.10–82.18%). We found metacercariae with seven morphological groups. Five of them can be stated as new records of the metacercariae in Thailand, indicating a broader spectrum of larval trematode diversity. Our phylogenetic assessments established that five of the seven morphological groups can be molecularly classified into different taxonomic levels of digenean trematodes. Echinostome A metacercariae revealed the highest infective prevalence (7.15%), and their sequence data were conspecific with a sequence of Echinostoma mekongki, which is a human intestinal fluke; this finding denotes the distribution and suggests epidemiological surveillance of this medically important fluke in Bangkok and adjacent areas. However, two groups of Opisthorchiata-like and renicolid metacercariae remain unclear as to their narrow taxonomic status, although their molecular properties were considered. For more understanding about trematode transmissions in ecosystems, both physical and biological factors may be further analysed to consider the factors that relate to and contribute to trematode infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichit Wiroonpan
- Animal Systematics and Ecology Speciality Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Thapana Chontananarth
- Applied Parasitology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Animal, Plant and Parasitic Biotechnology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP), Seoul, 07649, Korea
| | - Watchariya Purivirojkul
- Animal Systematics and Ecology Speciality Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
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Wiroonpan P, Chontananarth T, Purivirojkul W. Cercarial trematodes in freshwater snails from Bangkok, Thailand: prevalence, morphological and molecular studies and human parasite perspective. Parasitology 2021; 148:366-383. [PMID: 33100233 PMCID: PMC11010064 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182020002073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the prevalence, morphological characters and molecular classifications of trematode cercariae in freshwater snails randomly collected from 59 sampling localities in Bangkok from May 2018 to March 2019. We used a crushing technique to observe the cercarial stage inside each snail body and amplified the internal transcribed spacer 2 regions of cercarial DNA using polymerase chain reaction methodology. The associated phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using Bayesian inference analyses. A total of 517 of 15 621 examined snails were infected with trematode cercariae, and the infected snails were classified into 11 species of seven families with a 3.31% overall prevalence of the infection. The Bithynia siamensis siamensis snail displayed the highest prevalence of infection (16.16%), whereas the Physella acuta snail exhibited the lowest prevalence (0.08%) of infection. Eight morphological types of cercariae were observed. The highest prevalence of infection was observed in mutabile cercaria (1.86%). Based on molecular investigations, the phylogram revealed eight cercaria types assigned to at least nine digenean trematode families, of which five belong to groups of human intestinal flukes. Although, with the exception of schistosome cercaria, trematode cercariae are not known to directly damage humans, understanding the general biology of trematode cercariae (including diversity, distribution, infection rates and host range) is important and necessary for the prevention and control of parasitic transmission that impacts aquatic cultivations, livestock farming and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichit Wiroonpan
- Animal Systematics and Ecology Speciality Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bang Khen Campus, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Thapana Chontananarth
- Applied Parasitology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Animal, Plant and Parasitic Biotechnology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watchariya Purivirojkul
- Animal Systematics and Ecology Speciality Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bang Khen Campus, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
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