1
|
Das A, Goyal A, Sangwan A, Bhalla AS, Kumar A, Kandasamy D, Dawar R. Vascular anomalies: nomenclature, classification, and imaging algorithms. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:837-849. [PMID: 35414244 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221082241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
There is a lot of ambiguity in the usage of correct terminology in the description of vascular malformations and tumors. Hemangioma and arteriovenous malformation (AVM) are the most commonly used terms and are the mostly incorrectly used as well! The aim of this review article was to lay out the correct nomenclature and describe the correct usage for the physicians and radiologists involved in diagnosing and managing these lesions. We describe the various classification systems which have been devised to define the multiple entities included under vascular anomalies. The latest classification system that should be adhered to is per the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies, approved at the 20th ISSVA Workshop held in Melbourne in April 2014, last revised in May 2018. The main features of the latest revision have been highlighted. This classification, however, does not list the diagnostic clinico-radiological features for each entity. In addition, guidelines regarding the appropriate use of available imaging modalities are lacking in the literature. We, hereby, aim to address these pertinent issues in this review article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abanti Das
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, and Interventional Radiology, 28730All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Goyal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, and Interventional Radiology, 28730All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Sangwan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, and Interventional Radiology, 28730All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashu Seith Bhalla
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, and Interventional Radiology, 28730All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Atin Kumar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, and Interventional Radiology, 28730All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devasenathipathy Kandasamy
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, and Interventional Radiology, 28730All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Dawar
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Burns Surgery, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, 28730All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang M, Wan WK, Francis J. Case Report of a Mediastinal Vascular Malformation Mimicking Esophageal Varices on Endoscopy, with Emphasis on Radiological Findings. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2020; 21:e922163. [PMID: 32279068 PMCID: PMC7171368 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.922163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Male, 48-year-old Final Diagnosis: Mediastinal vascular malformation Symptoms: Cough • fever Medication:— Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Radiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Keat Wan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joe Francis
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bashir U, Shah S, Jeph S, O'Keeffe M, Khosa F. Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging of Vascular Malformations. Pol J Radiol 2017; 82:731-741. [PMID: 29657639 PMCID: PMC5894044 DOI: 10.12659/pjr.903491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular malformations pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to the broad differential diagnosis as well as common utilization of inadequate or inaccurate classification systems among healthcare providers. Therapeutic approaches to these lesions vary based on the type, size, and extent of the vascular anomaly, necessitating accurate diagnosis and classification. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (MRI) is an effective modality for classifying vascular anomalies due to its ability to delineate the extent and anatomic relationship of the malformation to adjacent structures. In addition to anatomical mapping, the complete evaluation of vascular anomalies includes hemodynamic characterization. Dynamic time-resolved contrast-enhanced MR angiography provides information regarding hemodynamics of vascular anomalies, differentiating high- and low-flow vascular malformations. Radiologists must identify the MRI features of vascular malformations for better diagnosis and classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usman Bashir
- Division of Imaging Research and Biomedical, Engineering, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - Samd Shah
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, U.S.A
| | - Sunil Jeph
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, U.S.A
| | - Michael O'Keeffe
- Division of Emergency and Trauma Radiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Faisal Khosa
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee JY, Suh DC. Visualization of Soft Tissue Venous Malformations of Head and Neck with 4D Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Neurointervention 2017; 12:110-115. [PMID: 28955513 PMCID: PMC5613042 DOI: 10.5469/neuroint.2017.12.2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of hemodynamics in venous malformation (VM) in the head and neck area is done by direct puncture venography before alcohol sclerotherapy, but it is difficult due to a variable degree of filling in from the artery and filling out into the draining vein. We present our preliminary experience of 4D MRI to evaluate VM hemodynamics. Four patients with venous malformation in the maxillofacial area underwent both 4D MRI and direct puncture venography before alcohol sclerotherapy. To find out appropriate velocity encoding (VENC) for VM, we applied 5-50 cm/sec VENC. Significant high-flow foci demonstrated by phase changes in magnitude images were compared with lesion types shown on a direct puncture venogram. Detection of flow in VM was possible in magnitude images or phase-difference images when VENC was set to less than 30 cm/sec. Appropriate VENC for VM was regarded as less than 5 cm/sec. High-flow areas in the dilated venous sac demonstrated focal spots or linear band-like areas on phase changes of 4D MRI. Appropriate VENC application was mandatory to detect flow in VM. Flow information on 4D MRI provided flow information in VM which was not detected on a direct puncture venogram in the compartmentalized lesion and thus can make alcohol sclerotherapy safer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ye Lee
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Dae Chul Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fujimura S, Hori R, Hamaguchi K, Okanoue Y, Wakizaka H, Shoji K. Four-dimensional computed tomographic angiography of an arteriovenous fistula in the neck. Laryngoscope 2013; 123:2723-7. [PMID: 23918693 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF), a type of vascular anomaly, is a relatively uncommon disease characterized by abnormal connections between the arterial and venous systems. Recently, remarkable advances in four-dimensional computed tomographic angiography (4D-CTA) have enabled detailed analysis of the hemodynamic features of vascular anomalies, which cannot be achieved by conventional imaging modalities. We report a case of AVF in a 59-year-old female presenting as a right neck mass. Using reconstructed animations from various viewing angles, 4D-CTA could clearly visualize not only a mass but the feeding artery and draining vein from the mass. 4D-CTA was useful for the diagnosis of AVF and to determine the surgical strategy preoperatively.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hill ML, Mainprize JG, Carton AK, Muller S, Ebrahimi M, Jong RA, Dromain C, Yaffe MJ. Anatomical noise in contrast-enhanced digital mammography. Part I. Single-energy imaging. Med Phys 2013; 40:051910. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4801905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
|
7
|
Analysis of ECOG performance status in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients: association with sociodemographical and clinical factors, and overall survival. Support Care Cancer 2013; 20:2679-85. [PMID: 22314971 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-012-1386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the present study, we analyzed sociodemographical and clinical factors, and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) scale in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. We evaluated the impact of a range of variables on overall survival. METHODS We investigated a sample of HNSCC patients (n = 671), using sociodemographical and clinical information, and survival data collected from a review of epidemiological, clinical, and treatment reports. Statistical associations were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate statistical tests. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Of patients 85.4% recorded good ECOG-PS scores. Poor ECOG-PS scores were associated with the covariates indicative of dysphagia [odd ratios (OR) = 2.660, CI 95% = 1.661–4.260, p = 0.000] and large-size malignant disease (T3–T4; OR = 5.337, CI 95% = 2.251–12.652, p = 0.000). Overall survival analysis revealed that ECOG-PS scores (OR = 1.879, CI 95% = 1.162–3.038, p = 0.010), tumor size (OR = 1.665, CI 95% = 1.035–2.680, p = 0.036), and the presence of cervical metastasis (OR = 3.145, CI 95% = 2.008–4.926, p = 0.000) were independent predictors. CONCLUSION Evaluation of physical consumption in head and neck cancer patients at diagnosis may indicate a more aggressive type of malignant disease. Thus, the ECOG-PS scale may help to identify HNSCC patients in need of rapid referral, who may benefit from specific therapeutic and rehabilitative interventions.
Collapse
|
8
|
Park S, Lim OK, Youn JH, Kim TI, Hwang SM, Kim HS, Shim J, Kim EH, Jeong YG, Lee HY, Kim B, Lee DH, Suh DC. Optimization of Exposure Condition and Photographic Techniques for Specimen and Devices in Neuroangiographic Suites. Neurointervention 2010. [DOI: 10.5469/neuroint.2010.5.2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soonchan Park
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ok Kyun Lim
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Youn
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae il Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon Moon Hwang
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Soo Kim
- E-med Team, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaegeun Shim
- Digital Imaging Community Photo some, Shinsa-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Gyeong Jeong
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Young Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bohyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deok Hee Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Chul Suh
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Introducing the New Full-Featured Online Korean Journal of Radiology. Korean J Radiol 2010. [PMCID: PMC2799646 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2010.11.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|