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Brandi N, Renzulli M. The Synergistic Effect of Interventional Locoregional Treatments and Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108598. [PMID: 37239941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has remarkably revolutionized the management of advanced HCC and prompted clinical trials, with therapeutic agents being used to selectively target immune cells rather than cancer cells. Currently, there is great interest in the possibility of combining locoregional treatments with immunotherapy for HCC, as this combination is emerging as an effective and synergistic tool for enhancing immunity. On the one hand, immunotherapy could amplify and prolong the antitumoral immune response of locoregional treatments, improving patients' outcomes and reducing recurrence rates. On the other hand, locoregional therapies have been shown to positively alter the tumor immune microenvironment and could therefore enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. Despite the encouraging results, many unanswered questions still remain, including which immunotherapy and locoregional treatment can guarantee the best survival and clinical outcomes; the most effective timing and sequence to obtain the most effective therapeutic response; and which biological and/or genetic biomarkers can be used to identify patients likely to benefit from this combined approach. Based on the current reported evidence and ongoing trials, the present review summarizes the current application of immunotherapy in combination with locoregional therapies for the treatment of HCC, and provides a critical evaluation of the current status and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Brandi
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Renzulli
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Parakh S, Lee ST, Gan HK, Scott AM. Radiolabeled Antibodies for Cancer Imaging and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1454. [PMID: 35326605 PMCID: PMC8946248 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunoconjugates consist of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) linked to a radionuclide. Radioimmunoconjugates as theranostics tools have been in development with success, particularly in hematological malignancies, leading to approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) allows for reduced toxicity compared to conventional radiation therapy and enhances the efficacy of mAbs. In addition, using radiolabeled mAbs with imaging methods provides critical information on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of therapeutic agents with direct relevance to the optimization of the dose and dosing schedule, real-time antigen quantitation, antigen heterogeneity, and dynamic antigen changes. All of these parameters are critical in predicting treatment responses and identifying patients who are most likely to benefit from treatment. Historically, RITs have been less effective in solid tumors; however, several strategies are being investigated to improve their therapeutic index, including targeting patients with minimal disease burden; using pre-targeting strategies, newer radionuclides, and improved labeling techniques; and using combined modalities and locoregional application. This review provides an overview of the radiolabeled intact antibodies currently in clinical use and those in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagun Parakh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (S.P.); (H.K.G.)
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia;
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Sze Ting Lee
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia;
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3086, Australia
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Hui K. Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; (S.P.); (H.K.G.)
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia;
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3086, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Scott
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia;
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3086, Australia
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC 3010, Australia
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Park HY, Suh CH, Woo S, Kim PH, Kim KW. Quality Reporting of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis According to PRISMA 2020 Guidelines: Results from Recently Published Papers in the Korean Journal of Radiology. Korean J Radiol 2022; 23:355-369. [PMID: 35213097 PMCID: PMC8876652 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2021.0808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the completeness of the reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in a general radiology journal using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four articles (systematic review and meta-analysis, n = 18; systematic review only, n = 6) published between August 2009 and September 2021 in the Korean Journal of Radiology were analyzed. Completeness of the reporting of main texts and abstracts were evaluated using the PRISMA 2020 statement. For each item in the statement, the proportion of studies that met the guidelines' recommendation was calculated and items that were satisfied by fewer than 80% of the studies were identified. The review process was conducted by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Of the 42 items (including sub-items) in the PRISMA 2020 statement for main text, 24 were satisfied by fewer than 80% of the included articles. The 24 items were grouped into eight domains: 1) assessment of the eligibility of potential articles, 2) assessment of the risk of bias, 3) synthesis of results, 4) additional analysis of study heterogeneity, 5) assessment of non-reporting bias, 6) assessment of the certainty of evidence, 7) provision of limitations of the study, and 8) additional information, such as protocol registration. Of the 12 items in the abstract checklists, eight were incorporated in fewer than 80% of the included publications. CONCLUSION Several items included in the PRISMA 2020 checklist were overlooked in systematic review and meta-analysis articles published in the Korean Journal of Radiology. Based on these results, we suggest a double-check list for improving the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Authors and reviewers should familiarize themselves with the PRISMA 2020 statement and check whether the recommended items are fully satisfied prior to publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Young Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sungmin Woo
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pyeong Hwa Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Choe YH. A Glimpse on Trends and Characteristics of Recent Articles Published in the Korean Journal of Radiology. Korean J Radiol 2019; 20:1555-1561. [PMID: 31854145 PMCID: PMC6923209 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Hyeon Choe
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee H, Yoon CJ, Seong NJ, Jeong SH, Kim JW. Comparison of Combined Therapy Using Conventional Chemoembolization and Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Conventional Chemoembolization for Ultrasound-Invisible Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage 0 or A). Korean J Radiol 2018; 19:1130-1139. [PMID: 30386144 PMCID: PMC6201969 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2018.19.6.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy between conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) and combined therapy using cTACE and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in ultrasound (US)-invisible early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods From January 2008 to June 2016, 167 patients with US-invisible early stage HCCs were treated with cTACE alone (cTACE group; n = 85) or cTACE followed by immediate fluoroscopy-guided RFA targeting intratumoral iodized oil retention (combined group; n = 82). Procedure-related complications, local tumor progression (LTP), time to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. Results There was no major complication in either group. The cTACE group showed higher 1-, 3-, and 5-year LTP rates than the combined group; i.e., 12.5%, 31.7%, and 37.0%, respectively, in the cTACE group; compared to 7.3%, 16.5%, and 16.5%, respectively, in the combined group; p = 0.013. The median TTP was 18 months in the cTACE group and 24 months in the combined group (p = 0.037). Cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 100%, 93.2%, and 87.7%, respectively, in the cTACE group and 100%, 96.6%, and 87.4%, respectively, in the combined group (p = 0.686). Tumor diameter > 20 mm and cTACE monotherapy were independent risk factors for LTP and TTP. Conclusion Combined therapy using cTACE followed by fluoroscopy-guided RFA is a safe and effective treatment in US-invisible early stage HCCs. It provides less LTP and longer TTP than cTACE alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyukjoon Lee
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
| | - Chang Jin Yoon
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
| | - Nak Jong Seong
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
| | - Sook-Hyang Jeong
- Division of Internal Medicines, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Division of Internal Medicines, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
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Zheng L, Li HL, Guo CY, Luo SX. Comparison of the Efficacy and Prognostic Factors of Transarterial Chemoembolization Plus Microwave Ablation versus Transarterial Chemoembolization Alone in Patients with a Large Solitary or Multinodular Hepatocellular Carcinomas. Korean J Radiol 2018. [PMID: 29520181 PMCID: PMC5840052 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2018.19.2.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors associated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with microwave ablation (MWA) versus TACE alone for a large solitary or multinodular hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). Materials and Methods This retrospective study involved 258 patients with a large solitary or multinodular HCCs (not more than 10 tumors) who underwent TACE + MWA (n = 92) or TACE alone (n = 166) between July 2011 and April 2015. Local tumor control, survival outcomes, and complications were compared between the two groups. Prognostic factors for time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The median duration of follow-up was 21.2 months (range, 4–45 months). The median TTP and OS were 12.5 months and 26.6 months, respectively, for the TACE + MWA group and 6.7 months and 17.1 months, respectively, for the TACE group (p < 0.001). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 85.9, 59.8, and 32.6%, respectively, for the TACE + MWA group and 59.0, 40.4, and 11.4%, respectively, for the TACE group (p < 0.001). The corresponding recurrence rates were 47.8, 78.3, and 94.6% for the TACE + MWA group, respectively, and 74.7, 96.4, and 97.6%, respectively, for the TACE group (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed that the treatment method, tumor size, and tumor number were significant prognostic factors for TTP and OS. Conclusion TACE + MWA appears to have more advantages compared to TACE in prolonging OS, with a satisfactory TTP, for inpatients with solitary large or multinodular HCCs. Treatment method, tumor size, and tumor number are significant prognostic factors for TTP and OS. Further randomized, multi-center, prospective trials are required to confirm the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zheng
- Department of Minimal-Invasive Intervention, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Hai-Liang Li
- Department of Minimal-Invasive Intervention, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Chen-Yang Guo
- Department of Minimal-Invasive Intervention, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Su-Xia Luo
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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