Differences and Similarities between the Double Halo Sign, the Chest CT Target Sign and the Reversed Halo Sign in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

ERRATUM

[This corrects the article doi: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20200595].

CT of Post-Acute Lung Complications of COVID-19

The acute course of COVID-19 is variable and ranges from asymptomatic infection to fulminant respiratory failure. Patients recovering from COVID-19 can have persistent symptoms and CT abnormalities of variable severity. At 3 months after acute infection, a subset of patients will have CT abnormalities that include ground-glass opacity (GGO) and subpleural bands with concomitant pulmonary function abnormalities. At 6 months after acute infection, some patients have persistent CT changes to include the resolution of GGOs seen in the early recovery phase and the persistence or development of changes suggestive of fibrosis, such as reticulation with or without parenchymal distortion. The etiology of lung disease after COVID-19 may be a sequela of prolonged mechanical ventilation, COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or direct injury from the virus. Predictors of lung disease after COVID-19 include need for intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, higher inflammatory markers, longer hospital stay, and a diagnosis of ARDS. Treatments of lung disease after COVID-19 are being investigated, including the potential of antifibrotic agents for prevention of lung fibrosis after COVID-19. Future research is needed to determine the long-term persistence of lung disease after COVID-19, its impact on patients, and methods to either prevent or treat it. © RSNA, 2021.

Consensus statement on thoracic radiology terminology in Portuguese used in Brazil and in Portugal

Effective communication among members of medical teams is an important factor for early and appropriate diagnosis. The terminology used in radiology reports appears in this context as an important link between radiologists and other members of the medical team. Therefore, heterogeneity in the use of terms in reports is an important but little discussed issue. This article is the result of an extensive review of nomenclature in thoracic radiology, including for the first time terms used in X-rays, CT, and MRI, conducted by radiologists from Brazil and Portugal. The objective of this review of medical terminology was to create a standardized language for medical professionals and multidisciplinary teams.