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Jeong KY, Park JW. Neglected but Clinically Relevant Allergens in Korea. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024:10.1007/s11882-024-01161-x. [PMID: 38980649 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Allergy diagnostics and immunotherapeutics in Asia heavily rely on imported products from Western countries, raising concerns about the accuracy and efficacy of these products for the management of Asian allergy patients. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advancements in allergen research have led to the identification and characterization of novel allergens from indigenous Korean species. While some allergens share homology with well-known allergens, others lack counterparts in imported allergen extracts. Classifying regional allergens in Asia into three categories based on their cross-reactivity with imported allergens offers valuable insights. Highly cross-reactive allergens, such as oak allergens Que m 1 from Quercus mongolica and Que ac 1 from Q. acutissima, can be effectively substituted with the imported allergens. Allergens with partial cross-reactivity, like the Asian needle ant allergen Pac c 3 (Antigen 5), permit limited diagnostic value by the currently available products. Unique allergens, including the Japanese hop allergen Hum j 6 (pectin methylesterase inhibitor) and the silkworm pupa allergen Bomb m 4 (30 kDa hemolymph lipoprotein) lack alternatives in the available product list. Greater attention is needed, particularly for species listed as ecologically invasive in Western regions. Additionally, allergens from domestic fruits and vegetables causing pollen food allergy syndrome require characterization for the development of improved diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
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Lee HY, Lee SM, Kang SY, Kim K, Kim JH, Ryu G, Min JY, Park KH, Park SY, Sung M, Lee Y, Yang EA, Jee HM, Ha EK, Shin YS, Chung EH, Choi SH, Koh YI, Kim ST, Nahm DH, Park JW, Shim JY, An YM, Han DH, Han MY, Lee YW, Choi JH. KAAACI Guidelines for Allergen Immunotherapy. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 15:725-756. [PMID: 37957792 PMCID: PMC10643862 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.6.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a causative treatment for various allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, and bee venom allergy that induces tolerance to offending allergens. The need for uniform practice guidelines in AIT is continuously growing because of the increasing discovery of potential candidates for AIT and evolving interest in new therapeutic approaches. This guideline is an updated version of the Korean Academy of Asthma Allergy and Clinical Immunology recommendations for AIT published in 2010. This updated guideline proposes an expert opinion by allergy, pediatrics, and otorhinolaryngology specialists with an extensive literature review. The guideline deals with basic knowledge and methodological aspects of AIT, including mechanisms, clinical efficacy, patient selection, allergens extract selection, schedule and doses, management of adverse reactions, efficacy measurements, and special consideration in pediatrics. The guidelines for sublingual immunotherapy will be covered in detail in a separate article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sung-Yoon Kang
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwanghui Ryu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Min
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Myongsoon Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Gumi, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Lee
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun-Ae Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Daejeon St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hye Mi Jee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun Kyo Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Seob Shin
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Il Koh
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seon Tae Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Nahm
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jung Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Doo Hee Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Yong Han
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Won Lee
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Health Policy Research, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Hee Choi
- Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea.
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Yi MH, Kim M, Yong TS, Kim JY. Investigating the microbiome of house dust mites in South Korea. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1240727. [PMID: 37655177 PMCID: PMC10466795 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1240727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the house dust mites (HDMs) microbiome is crucial due to its potential effects on the development of allergic diseases. In 1998, our laboratory collected Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus from beds in a Korean household and began cultivating these HDMs. Our laboratory has been actively investigating several topics about HDMs in recent years, including the bacterial and fungal microbiome and their interactions, as well as the impact of the HDM microbiome on airway inflammation. To study the D. farinae microbiome, we employed high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rDNA amplicons. The results revealed that the two most abundant bacteria were Enterococcus faecalis and Bartonella spp. In contrast, we found almost no bacteria in D. pteronyssinus. By inoculating bacteria to HDMs, we found that D. farinae is more susceptible to bacteria than D. pteronyssinus. This susceptibility was associated with the presence of certain fungal species in D. pteronyssinus. Additionally, we have recently made efforts to produce HDMs with reduced levels of symbiotic bacteria. We believe that standardizing and controlling the microbiome in HDMs are crucial steps for the future development and improvement of allergic immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park CO, Kim HL, Park JW. Microneedle Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy, Skin Disease Treatment, and Vaccine Development. Yonsei Med J 2022; 63:881-891. [PMID: 36168240 PMCID: PMC9520048 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) overcome the hurdle of an intact skin barrier by penetrating the skin to allow molecules through. These systems reduce side effects associated with conventional hypodermic needles. Here, we introduce novel microneedle (MN) TDDSs that enhance drug delivery by creating micron-sized pores across the skin. Many MN TDDSs designed to deliver a diverse array of therapeutics, including allergen-specific immunotherapy, skin disease treatments, and vaccines, are under pre-clinical and clinical trials. Although epicutaneous approaches are emerging as new options for treating food allergy in many clinical trials, MN TDDSs could provide a more efficient and convenient route to deliver macromolecules. Furthermore, MN TDDSs may allow for safe vaccine delivery without permanent scars. MN TDDSs are a major emerging strategy for delivering novel vaccines and treatments for diseases, including skin diseases, allergic diseases, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Li Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Allergy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee SH, Chang WS, Jeong KT, Lee JK. Establishment of a murine model based on chronic exposure to domestic house dust mites in Korea. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2022. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2022.10.1.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Chang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Jeong
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jeom Kyu Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
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Jeong KY, Park JW. Allergens of Regional Importance in Korea. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2021; 2:652275. [PMID: 35386990 PMCID: PMC8974691 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.652275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergen repertoire should reflect the region's climate, flora, and dining culture to allow for a better diagnosis. In Korea, tree pollens of oak and birch in the spring in conjunction with weed pollens of mugwort, ragweed, and Japanese hop are the main causes of seasonal allergic rhinitis. More specifically, the sawtooth oak in Korea and the Japanese hop in East Asia make a difference from western countries. Among food allergens, the sensitization to silkworm pupa and buckwheat is also common in Korean patients. Honey bee venom due to apitherapy in traditional medicine and Asian needle ant, Pachycondyla chinensis, are important causes of anaphylaxis in Korea. Climate change, frequent overseas traveling, and international product exchanges make situations more complicated. Ragweed, for example, was not native to Korea, but invaded the country in the early 1950s. Recently, Japanese hop and Asian needle ants have been recognized as important invasive ecosystem disturbing species in western countries. However, the molecular properties of the component allergens from these unique culprit allergens have been poorly characterized. The present review summarizes the molecular studies on the allergens of regional importance in Korea.
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