RAR-Related Orphan Receptor: An Accelerated Preeclampsia Progression by Activating the JAK/STAT3 Pathway

UBE2T promotes stage I lung adenocarcinoma progression through PBX1 ubiquitination and PBX1/RORA regulation

BACKGROUND

Post-translational modification pathway of protein ubiquitination is intricately associated with tumorigenesis. We previously reported elevated ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T (UBE2T) as an independent risk factor in stage I lung adenocarcinoma and promoting cellular proliferation. However, its underlying mechanisms needed further investigation.

METHODS

Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of UBE2T and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α (RORA) in stage I LUAD. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cell lines were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay (CCK-8), Colony-forming assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. A xenograft model was established to evaluate the proliferative capacity of UBE2T and its interaction with RORA in promoting LUAD. Mechanistic insights into the promotion of early-stage LUAD by UBE2T were obtained through luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation and co-immunoprecipitation.

RESULTS

UBE2T and RORA expression was significantly up- and down-regulated in early-stage LUAD patients which's proved to be associated with unfavorable outcomes, strengthened cell proliferation, migration, EMT and invasion through its interaction with RORA both in vivo and in vitro. The growth NSCLC xenografts was reduced by down-expression of UBE2T but was suppressed by RORA knockout. Mechanistically, UBE2T mediated the ubiquitination of the intermediate transcription factor PBX1, which played a transcriptional role in downstream regulation of RORA.

CONCLUSION

The oncogenic role of UBE2T and the UBE2T-PBX1-RORA axis in driving malignant progression in Stage I LUAD had been established. UBE2T might be a novel and promising therapeutic target for LUAD treatment.

Circ_0003314 Combines with the miR-26b-5p/IL1RAP Axis to Inhibit HTR-8/SVneo Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Tube Formation and Promote Apoptosis

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related syndrome that can lead to a variety of pathophysiological processes, such as impaired implantation. The pathogenesis of PE involves circular RNA (circRNA). The study aims to determine the role of a novel circRNA, circ_0003314, in trophoblast cell phenotypes. Circ_0003314, microRNA-26b-5p (miR-26b-5p) and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) expression were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was investigated by MTT assay and 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay. Cell migration and invasion were investigated by transwell assay. Cell apoptotic rate and angiogenesis were investigated by flow cytometry analysis and tube formation assay, respectively. Protein expression was detected by western blotting. The binding relationship between miR-26b-5p and circ_0003314 or IL1RAP was identified using dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. Circ_0003314 and IL1RAP expression were significantly increased, while miR-26b-5p was decreased in placental tissues of PE patients. Circ_0003314 overexpression inhibited trophoblast cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis and induced cell apoptosis. Additionally, circ_0003314 acted as a sponge for miR-26b-5p, and miR-26b-5p bound to IL1RAP. Introduction of miR-26b-5p or silencing of IL1RAP attenuated the effects of circ_0003314 overexpression on trophoblast cell phenotypes. Further, circ_0003314 induced IL1RAP expression through miR-26b-5p in trophoblast cells. Circ_0003314 regulated trophoblast cell phenotypes by increasing IL1RAP expression through binding to miR-26b-5p.

Research progress on the STAT signaling pathway in pregnancy and pregnancy-associated disorders

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins, pivotal regulators of signaling cascades, undergo activation in response to the stimulation of cytokines and growth factors, and participate in biological processes, including inflammation, immune responses, cell proliferation, and differentiation. During the process of pregnancy, STAT signaling is involved in regulating embryonic implantation, endometrial decidualization, and establishing and maintaining maternal-fetal immune tolerance. Increasing evidence suggests that aberrant STAT signaling contributes to the occurrence and development of pregnancy disorders, including repeated implantation failure (RIF), preeclampsia (PE), recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), preterm birth (PTB) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the STAT signaling pathway holds promise for further understanding the establishment and maintenance of normal pregnancy, and thereby providing potent targets and strategic avenues for the prevention and management of ailments associated with pregnancy. In this review, we summarized the roles of the STAT signaling pathway and its related regulatory function in embryonic implantation, endometrial decidualization, and maternal-fetal immune tolerance. In conclusion, in-depth research on the mechanism of the STAT signaling pathway not only enhances our understanding of normal pregnancy processes but also offers STAT-based therapeutic approaches to protect women from the burden of pregnancy-related disorders.

DNMT1 mediates proliferation, migration and invasion of extravillous trophoblasts by regulating the methylation level of APLNR

INTRODUCTION

Proliferation, migration and invasion of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) play an important role in the progression of preeclampsia (PE). The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism by which DNA methylase regulates the transcription level of APLNR and affects the phenotypic function of EVTs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

PE mice model and H/R model in HTR8/Svneo cells were constructed. Clinical samples of normal pregnant women and PE patients were collected. Expression and methylation level of APLNR in vivo and in vitro were detected. ChIP-qPCR was used to detect the binding of DNA methyltransferase at the APLNR promoter. The expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), NO and eNOS in vitro were detected. EVTs proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro were detected.

RESULTS

In placental tissues or HTR8/Svneo cells of the PE model group, the expression of APLNR was reduced and APLNR methylation level was up-regulated. There was no significant difference in the APLNR expression in placental tissues between normal pregnant women and PE patients. H/R conditions only promote the binding of DNMT1 at the APLNR promoter. DNMT1 interference decreased the enrichment degree of DNMT1 in APLNR promoter region and up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of APLNR in vivo and in vitro. The activation of APLNR by Elabela (ELA) can promote eNOS transcription, thereby promoting cell proliferation and NO level, while eNOS inhibitor can reverse this effect. DNMT1 down-regulation inhibted APLNR methylation level, promoted eNOS transcription, and promoted EVTs proliferation, migration and invasion, which could be revised by the interference of APLNR.

DISCUSSION

DNMT1 promotes eNOS transcription by inhibting APLNR methylation level, and promotes EVTs proliferation, migration and invasion, thus providing a new and broad application prospect for PE treatment.