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Ai H, Gong T, Ma Y, Ma G, Zhao J, Zhao X. Primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1328886. [PMID: 38162486 PMCID: PMC10757360 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1328886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma is considered a rare subtype of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, with fewer than 100 domestic and international cases reported. This malignancy exhibits a high degree of malignancy, strong invasiveness, and an unfavorable prognosis due to its propensity for early lymph node and intrahepatic metastasis. The etiology of this disease remains uncertain, and preoperative diagnosis is exceedingly challenging owing to the nonspecific clinical features and lack of specificity in imaging studies. Radical surgical resection is the most effective treatment for non-metastatic tumors, while targeted adjuvant therapy administered postoperatively can enhance therapeutic efficacy and delay tumor recurrence. This article documents the diagnostic and therapeutic course of a case of primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma treated at our medical institution, along with a comprehensive synthesis of the clinical characteristics and advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, aiming to augment understanding and serve as a reference for future clinical endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Ai
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College (Weifang People’s Hospital), Weifang, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College (Weifang People’s Hospital), Weifang, China
| | - Yongbiao Ma
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College (Weifang People’s Hospital), Weifang, China
| | - Guixu Ma
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College (Weifang People’s Hospital), Weifang, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College (Weifang People’s Hospital), Weifang, China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College (Weifang People’s Hospital), Weifang, China
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Liu YM, Lei YL, Liu F. Adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver: The challenge of diagnosis. Liver Int 2023; 43:2320-2322. [PMID: 37622287 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver is extremely rare. We report a case of adenosquamous carcinoma in the intrahepatic bile duct of a 56-year-old woman who complained of persistent abdominal pain, shivering and hyperthermia. Computed tomography demonstrated a solid-cystic neoplasm in segment 5/6/8 of the liver with a gradual enhancement pattern in the solid area. However, postoperative pathological examination showed adenosquamous carcinoma of intrahepatic bile duct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Ya-Li Lei
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha, China
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Watanabe Y, Osaki A, Kimura K, Yakubo S, Takaku K, Sato M, Hashidate H, Waguri N, Terai S. Unresectable primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma successfully treated with systemic and transcatheter hepatic arterial injection chemotherapies followed by conversion surgery: a case report and literature review. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:491. [PMID: 34930149 PMCID: PMC8686661 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-02070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a type of tumor that has the features of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The prognosis for patients with ASC is poor, as the chemotherapy has been ineffective so far. Case presentation Here, we report a case of a 62-year-old male patient who presented with high fever. The tumor marker levels were high, and abdominal dynamic computed tomography showed a liver tumor and distant lymph node metastases. Upon further investigation, needle biopsy of the liver tumor showed a primary hepatic SCC. Because the SCC was unresectable, the patient was treated with tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1) and transcatheter hepatic arterial injection (TAI) of cisplatin. After chemotherapy, a surgical resection performed on the remaining liver tumor, made the patient cancer-free. After the operation, the liver tumor was confirmed as primary hepatic ASC. Subsequently, the patient was administered postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, which prevented its recurrence. Conclusions Due to the lack of an effective treatment for primary hepatic ASC, its prognosis is poor. Here, we suggest that a chemotherapy combination of 5-fluorouracil (S-1) and cisplatin along with conversion surgery might be an effective way for treating primary hepatic ASC. Our experience from this case shall be valuable to clinicians around the world involved in the treatment of primary hepatic ASC.
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Filizoglu N, Oksuzoglu K, Ozguven S. Primary Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Liver on FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:e572-e573. [PMID: 34034322 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Primary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the liver is a rare subtype of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatic ASC consists of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components. Because hepatic ASC is extremely rare, only a few cases describing the imaging findings of hepatic ASC were reported before. Herein, we present FDG PET/CT findings of hepatic ASC in a 78-year-old woman who was admitted to hospital with a 4-week history of right upper quadrant pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuh Filizoglu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research, Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Gou Q, Fu S, Xie Y, Zhang M, Shen Y. Treatment and Survival Patterns of Primary Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Liver: A Retrospective Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:621594. [PMID: 34434888 PMCID: PMC8380844 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.621594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Primary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare liver malignancy with very little data published so far. We describe the clinical characteristics of this tumor and analyze its survival pattern to improve the diagnosis and treatment. Materials and Methods This study collected data of 15 patients with primary hepatic ASC in our hospital within 10 years (from 2009 to 2018). We analyzed the clinical characteristics, imaging data, treatment, and survival of ASC in the study. Two of these cases have been reported. Results The common clinical symptoms of hepatic ASC are liver pain and jaundice. Laboratory examination showed that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) increased, but Alpha-FetoProtein (AFP) did not. Primary hepatic ASC is a rare subtype of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and meets the requirements of pathological diagnosis: CK20 (-), CK7 (+), CK19 (+), and p63 (+). Of the 15 patients, 11 were treated surgically, of which 3 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. The prognosis of ASC patients is poor with a median survival time (MST) of 6 months (range: 2 to 15). The duration of MST in surgically treated patients was longer than that of nonsurgical patients (7.0 months vs. 3.0 months). Patients that received adjuvant chemotherapy survived longer (MST: 15 months). Patients with lymph node metastasis had a worse prognosis. Conclusion Primary hepatic ASC is a rare malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Radical surgery may be an effective treatment for prolonging survival. Surgical treatment combined with adjuvant therapy may further improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiheng Gou
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengya Fu
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxin Xie
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yali Shen
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Nosaka T, Ohtani M, Namikawa S, Takahashi K, Naito T, Ofuji K, Matsuda H, Hiramatsu K, Imamura Y, Nakamoto Y. Advanced primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver with a small cell carcinoma component: an autopsy case report. Clin J Gastroenterol 2021; 14:1496-1502. [PMID: 34216375 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-021-01474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Primary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the liver is a rare subtype of cholangiocarcinoma that comprises both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components. We report a 48-year-old woman with advanced primary ASC and small cell carcinoma of the liver who had extrahepatic metastasis and received multiple chemotherapy regimens. After first presenting with upper abdominal pain, imaging revealed a 10.2 × 9.5 cm mass in the right lobe of the liver with lymph node and lung metastases. A liver tumor biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components, leading to a diagnosis of advanced primary ASC of the liver. The tumor shrank with gemcitabine/cisplatin therapy; however, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and CYFRA levels were increased and the tumor grew. Next, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin decreased NSE and CYFRA levels and suppressed tumor growth. However, due to tumor growth, she died 14 months post-initial diagnosis. Post-autopsy pathology revealed a mixture of CD56- and synaptophysin-positive small cell carcinoma component in addition to ASC. We report a rare advanced primary ASC with small cell carcinoma of the liver diagnosed at autopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Nosaka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohtani
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Shouichi Namikawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuto Takahashi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Naito
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuya Ofuji
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Matsuda
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Katsushi Hiramatsu
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Imamura
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology/Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yasunari Nakamoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
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Abstract
Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), containing both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components, is rare in the digestive system. Limited data is available on ASC of the digestive system (AS-ASC), and the current evidence is available mainly in the form of case reports and case series. We performed a thorough search of the available literature and compiled a review on the epidemiology, histopathology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of AS-ASC. Non-specific clinical and imaging presentations and low diagnostic accuracy of biopsy lead to difficulties in preoperative diagnosis in a high proportion of patients and high malignancy. The pathogenesis remains obscure. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for AS-ASC. The role of chemoradiotherapy as an adjuvant treatment is still inconclusive. Key messages Metastatic linings and the lack of efficacious treatments lead to an unfavorable outcome in AS-ASC patients. Further research could help us understand the pathophysiology of AS-ASCand the unique needs of AS-ASC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Shuai Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Li Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chengdu Shangjinnanfu Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Aso K, Ito K, Takemura N, Inagaki F, Mihara F, Kokudo N. Transverse colon invasion from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with lymph node metastasis in the regional mesocolon: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2020; 6:248. [PMID: 33000392 PMCID: PMC7527392 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-020-01010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive cancer with high frequency of extrahepatic metastasis at diagnosis. However, there have been very few reports of direct invasion to transverse mesocolon with lymph node metastasis in the regional mesocolon. Case presentation A 71-year-old man presented to our hospital with anorexia and weight loss. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed enlarged gallbladder wall with intrahepatic tumor extended from the gallbladder. The transverse colon was located adjacent to the gallbladder and its wall was thickened, indicating tumor invasion. Some enlarged lymph nodes were observed in the transverse mesocolon, suggesting metastatic or inflammatory lymph node swelling. Percutaneous liver biopsy detected poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. After confirming the absence of remote metastasis and peritoneal dissemination, surgical resection including right hepatectomy and right hemicolectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver and lymph node metastasis in the transverse mesocolon. The surgical margins were negative and R0 resection was achieved. Although adjuvant chemotherapy was administered, follow-up CT detected multiple metastases to the lung 4 months after surgery. The patient died 12 months after the operation. Conclusions Direct colon invasion from ICC may cause lymph node metastasis in the regional mesocolon. Careful assessment is necessary for the diagnosis of enlarged lymph nodes in ICC with direct colon invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Aso
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Kyoji Ito
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takemura
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Fuyuki Inagaki
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Fuminori Mihara
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kokudo
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
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Wu PH, Su YC, Kuo KK. A rare case of primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver with gallbladder metastasis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:561-562. [PMID: 32449238 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Chiu Su
- Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Kai Kuo
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Zhao R, Jia Z, Chen X, Ren S, Cui W, Zhao DL, Wang S, Wang J, Li T, Zhu Y, Tang X, Wang Z. CT and MR imaging features of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma and their correlation with prognosis. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019; 44:2822-2834. [PMID: 31187197 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02060-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To retrospectively investigate the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) and the association between imaging findings and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS CT, MR images of 26 patients with PASC were analyzed. Clinical symptoms, tumor markers, and patients' survival were recorded. Tumor attenuation, enhancement pattern and degree, vessel involvement, adjacent tissue invasion and metastasis were evaluated. The association between imaging features and overall survival (OS) were also assessed using Cox proportional hazards ratio model. RESULTS Fourteen masses were found in the head of the pancreas and 12 in the body/tail. The mean tumor size was 4.47 ± 1.76 cm. PASC usually showed ill-defined (96.2%), lobulated (76.9%) and predominantly solid mass (92.3%). Ring enhancement in the peripheral area of the tumor was commonly seen (76.9%). Vessel invasion was seen in 17 cases (65.4%), encasement of adjacent arteries in 7 cases (26.9%), upstream main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilatation in 16 cases (61.5%) and double duct sign in 9 cases (34.6%). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that patients with vessel invasion may predict a poor prognosis (p = 0.037). CONCLUSION PASC tends to be an ill-defined solid mass with peripheral ring enhancement, and relatively poor enhancement in the central area. PASC may also show vessel invasion, vessel encasement and upstream MPD dilatation. Vessel invasion may indicate a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shuai Ren
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wenjing Cui
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Deng-Ling Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiaowen Tang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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