1
|
Giaccari C, Antonouli S, Anifandis G, Cecconi S, Di Nisio V. An Update on Physiopathological Roles of Akt in the ReprodAKTive Mammalian Ovary. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:722. [PMID: 38929705 PMCID: PMC11204812 DOI: 10.3390/life14060722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is a key signaling cascade responsible for the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism in the ovarian microenvironment. The optimal finetuning of this pathway is essential for physiological processes concerning oogenesis, folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, and embryo development. The dysregulation of PI3K/Akt can impair molecular and structural mechanisms that will lead to follicle atresia, or the inability of embryos to reach later stages of development. Due to its pivotal role in the control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and survival mechanisms, the dysregulation of this molecular pathway can trigger the onset of pathological conditions. Among these, we will focus on diseases that can harm female fertility, such as polycystic ovary syndrome and premature ovarian failure, or women's general health, such as ovarian cancer. In this review, we report the functions of the PI3K/Akt pathway in both its physiological and pathological roles, and we address the existing application of inhibitors and activators for the balancing of the molecular cascade in ovarian pathological environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Giaccari
- Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Sevastiani Antonouli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larisa, Greece; (S.A.); (G.A.)
| | - George Anifandis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larisa, Greece; (S.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Sandra Cecconi
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, Università dell’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Nisio
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yamaguchi H, Chang LC, Chang OSS, Chen YF, Hsiao YC, Wu CS, Hung MC. MRCK as a Potential Target for Claudin-Low Subtype of Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:1-14. [PMID: 38164185 PMCID: PMC10750295 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.88285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
To find new molecular targets for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), we analyzed a large-scale drug screening dataset based on breast cancer subtypes. We discovered that BDP-9066, a specific MRCK inhibitor (MRCKi), may be an effective drug against TNBC. After confirming the efficacy and specificity of BDP-9066 against TNBC in vitro and in vivo, we further analyzed the underlying mechanism of specific activity of BDP-9066 against TNBC. Comparing the transcriptome of BDP-9066-sensitive and -resistant cells, the activation of the focal adhesion and YAP/TAZ pathway were found to play an important role in the sensitive cells. Furthermore, YAP/TAZ is indeed repressed by BDP-9066 in the sensitive cells, and active form of YAP suppresses the effects of BDP-9066. YAP/TAZ expression and activity are high in TNBC, especially the Claudin-low subtype, consistent with the expression of focal adhesion-related genes. Interestingly, NF-κB functions downstream of YAP/TAZ in TNBC cells and is suppressed by BDP-9066. Furthermore, the PI3 kinase pathway adversely affected the effects of BDP-9066 and that alpelisib, a PI3 kinase inhibitor, synergistically increased the effects of BDP-9066, in PIK3CA mutant TNBC cells. Taken together, we have shown for the first time that MRCKi can be new drugs against TNBC, particularly the Claudin-low subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 406040, Taiwan R.O.C
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ling-Chu Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Olin Shih-Shin Chang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Yu-Fu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 406040, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chun Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 406040, Taiwan R.O.C
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chen-Shiou Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 406040, Taiwan R.O.C
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 406040, Taiwan R.O.C
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang YH, Chu TY, Ding DC. Spontaneous Transformation of a p53 and Rb-Defective Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cell Line after Long Passage with Features of High-Grade Serous Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213843. [PMID: 36430324 PMCID: PMC9695839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers, and 80% are high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSOC). Despite advances in chemotherapy and the development of targeted therapies, the survival rate of HGSOC has only moderately improved. Therefore, a cell model that reflects the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of this disease is urgently needed. We previously developed a human fallopian tube epithelial cell line (FE25) with p53 and Rb deficiencies. After long-term culture in vitro, cells at high-passage numbers showed spontaneous transformation (FE25L). This study aimed to compare FE25 cells cultured in vitro for low (passage 16-31) and high passages (passage 116-139) to determine whether these cells can serve as an ideal cell model of HGSOC. Compared to the cells at low passage, FE25L cells showed increased cell proliferation, clonogenicity, polyploidy, aneuploidy, cell migration, and invasion. They also showed more resistance to chemotherapy and the ability to grow tumors in xenografts. RNA-seq data also showed upregulation of hypoxia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the NF-κB pathway in FE25L compared to FE25 cells. qRT-PCR confirmed the upregulation of EMT, cytokines, NF-κB, c-Myc, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cross-platform comparability found that FE25L cells could be grouped with the other most likely HGSOC lines, such as TYKNU and COV362. In conclusion, FE25L cells showed more aggressive malignant behavior than FE25 cells and hence might serve as a more suitable model for HGSOC research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsun Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Yuan Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Collagen of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Collagen of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3856-1825 (ext. 13383); Fax: +886-3857-7161
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghoneum A, Gonzalez D, Afify H, Shu J, Hegarty A, Adisa J, Kelly M, Lentz S, Salsbury F, Said N. Compound C Inhibits Ovarian Cancer Progression via PI3K-AKT-mTOR-NFκB Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5099. [PMID: 36291886 PMCID: PMC9600774 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies in the United States, with most patients diagnosed at late stages. High-grade serous cancer (HGSC) is the most common and lethal subtype. Despite aggressive surgical debulking and chemotherapy, recurrence of chemo-resistant disease occurs in ~80% of patients. Thus, developing therapeutics that not only targets OvCa cell survival, but also target their interactions within their unique peritoneal tumor microenvironment (TME) is warranted. Herein, we report therapeutic efficacy of compound C (also known as dorsomorphin) with a novel mechanism of action in OvCa. We found that CC not only inhibited OvCa growth and invasiveness, but also blunted their reciprocal crosstalk with macrophages, and mesothelial cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that compound C exerts its effects on OvCa cells through inhibition of PI3K-AKT-NFκB pathways, whereas in macrophages and mesothelial cells, CC inhibited cancer-cell-induced canonical NFκB activation. We further validated the specificity of the PI3K-AKT-NFκB as targets of compound C by overexpression of constitutively active subunits as well as computational modeling. In addition, real-time monitoring of OvCa cellular bioenergetics revealed that compound C inhibits ATP production, mitochondrial respiration, and non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Importantly, compound C significantly decreased tumor burden of OvCa xenografts in nude mice and increased their sensitivity to cisplatin-treatment. Moreover, compound C re-sensitized patient-derived resistant cells to cisplatin. Together, our findings highlight compound C as a potent multi-faceted therapeutic in OvCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alia Ghoneum
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Daniela Gonzalez
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Hesham Afify
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Junjun Shu
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Abigail Hegarty
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Jemima Adisa
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Michael Kelly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Health Sciences, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Samuel Lentz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Health Sciences, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Departments of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Freddie Salsbury
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Health Sciences, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Neveen Said
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Health Sciences, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Departments of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Effect of Blocking Neurokinin-1 Receptor by Aprepitant on the Inflammatory and Apoptosis Pathways in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:819-827. [PMID: 36197642 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer globally, and the second most common cancer among women with significant mortality. Toward this end, it is shown that substance P (SP) is involved in tumor initiation and progression through the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). However, the exact molecular mechanism of the SP/NK1R system in ovarian cancer is not yet fully clarified. In this in vitro study, we decided to investigate the effect of the SP/NK1R system and blockage of NK1R by its specific antagonist (Aprepitant) on the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells as well as the alteration of inflammatory pathways. Our results revealed that Aprepitant stimulated apoptotic cell death and attenuated inflammation of ovarian cancer cells through the NF-kB and P53 signaling pathways. After treatment with Aprepitant, the expression of downstream anti-apoptotic genes related to the NF-kB pathway (survivine and bcl2) was decreased. However, we indicated the positive effect of SP on the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by inducing the expression of NF-kB protein and NF-kB anti-apoptotic target genes. Moreover, Pro-apoptotic p53 target genes (P21 and Bax) were increased through aprepitant treatment, while SP attenuated these genes' expression. Besides, ROS generation in ovarian cancer cells after treatment with SP induced, while blocking of NK1R with Aprepitant reduced the level of ROS generation. Given this, our data suggest that this NK1R might be used as an important therapeutic target in ovarian cancer and Aprepitant could be considered a new drug in ovarian cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
6
|
Sears B, Saha AK. Dietary Control of Inflammation and Resolution. Front Nutr 2021; 8:709435. [PMID: 34447777 PMCID: PMC8382877 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.709435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The healing of any injury requires a dynamic balance of initiation and resolution of inflammation. This hypothesis-generating review presents an overview of the various nutrients that can act as signaling agents to modify the metabolic responses essential for the optimal healing of injury-induced inflammation. In this hypothesis-generating review, we describe a defined nutritional program consisting of an integrated interaction of a calorie-restricted anti-inflammatory diet coupled with adequate levels of omega-3 fatty acids and sufficient levels of dietary polyphenols that can be used in clinical trials to treat conditions associated with insulin resistance. Each dietary intervention works in an orchestrated systems-based approach to reduce, resolve, and repair the tissue damage caused by any inflammation-inducing injury. The orchestration of these specific nutrients and their signaling metabolites to facilitate healing is termed the Resolution Response. The final stage of the Resolution Response is the activation of intracellular 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is necessary to repair tissue damaged by the initial injury-induced inflammation. The dietary optimization of the Resolution Response can be personalized to the individual by using standard blood markers. Once each of those markers is in their appropriate ranges, activation of intracellular AMPK will be facilitated. Finally, we outline how the resulting activation of AMPK will affect a diverse number of other intercellular signaling systems leading to an extended healthspan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Sears
- Inflammation Research Foundation, Peabody, MA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Krasniqi E, Sacconi A, Marinelli D, Pizzuti L, Mazzotta M, Sergi D, Capomolla E, Donzelli S, Carosi M, Bagnato A, Gamucci T, Tomao S, Natoli C, Marchetti P, Grassadonia A, Tinari N, De Tursi M, Vizza E, Ciliberto G, Landi L, Cappuzzo F, Barba M, Blandino G, Vici P. MicroRNA-based signatures impacting clinical course and biology of ovarian cancer: a miRNOmics study. Biomark Res 2021; 9:57. [PMID: 34256855 PMCID: PMC8276429 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Western countries, ovarian cancer (OC) still represents the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related deaths, despite the remarkable gains in therapeutical options. Novel biomarkers of early diagnosis, prognosis definition and prediction of treatment outcomes are of pivotal importance. Prior studies have shown the potentials of micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) as biomarkers for OC and other cancers. Methods We focused on the prognostic and/or predictive potential of miRNAs in OC by conducting a comprehensive array profiling of miRNA expression levels in ovarian tissue samples from 17 non-neoplastic controls, and 60 tumor samples from OC patients treated at the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute (IRE). A set of 54 miRNAs with differential expression in tumor versus normal samples (T/N-deregulated) was identified in the IRE cohort and validated against data from the Cancer Genoma Atlas (TCGA) related to 563 OC patients and 8 non-neoplastic controls. The prognostic/predictive role of the selected 54 biomarkers was tested in reference to survival endpoints and platinum resistance (P-res). Results In the IRE cohort, downregulation of the 2 miRNA-signature including miR-99a-5p and miR-320a held a negative prognostic relevance, while upregulation of miR-224-5p was predictive of less favorable event free survival (EFS) and P-res. Data from the TCGA showed that downregulation of 5 miRNAs, i.e., miR-150, miR-30d, miR-342, miR-424, and miR-502, was associated with more favorable EFS and overall survival outcomes, while miR-200a upregulation was predictive of P-res. The 9 miRNAs globally identified were all included into a single biologic signature, which was tested in enrichment analysis using predicted/validated miRNA target genes, followed by network representation of the miRNA-mRNA interactions. Conclusions Specific dysregulated microRNA sets in tumor tissue showed predictive/prognostic value in OC, and resulted in a promising biological signature for this disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40364-021-00289-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Krasniqi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - A Sacconi
- UOSD Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - D Marinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Medical Oncology Unit, Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - L Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - M Mazzotta
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - D Sergi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - E Capomolla
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - S Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - M Carosi
- Pathology Department IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - A Bagnato
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - T Gamucci
- Medical Oncology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Via dei Monti Tiburtini 385, 00157, Rome, Italy
| | - S Tomao
- Department of Radiological Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Division of Medical Oncology A, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - C Natoli
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - P Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Medical Oncology Unit, Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - A Grassadonia
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - N Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - M De Tursi
- Department of Medical, Oral & Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - E Vizza
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Gynecologic Oncologic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - G Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - L Landi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - F Cappuzzo
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - M Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - G Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - P Vici
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He L, He G. DNM3OS Facilitates Ovarian Cancer Progression by Regulating miR-193a-3p/MAP3K3 Axis. Yonsei Med J 2021; 62:535-544. [PMID: 34027641 PMCID: PMC8149934 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2021.62.6.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential regulators in the development of ovarian cancer (OC). Nonetheless, the function of lncRNA DNM3 opposite strand/antisense RNA (DNM3OS) in OC remains unclear. This work aimed to investigate the biological roles and underlying mechanisms of DNM3OS in OC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to examine DNM3OS, microRNA (miR)-193a-3p, and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAP3K3) mRNA expression in OC tissues and cell lines. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed to analyze the relationship between DNM3OS expression and the prognosis of OC patients. Cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, and transwell experiments were conducted to monitor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, respectively. Western blot was applied to examine epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated protein (E-cadherin and N-cadherin) expression. Luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation experiments were performed to confirm the relationships among DNM3OS, miR-193a-3p, and MAP3K3. Pearson's correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the correlations among DNM3OS, miR-193a-3p, and MAP3K3 mRNA. RESULTS DNM3OS expression was remarkably increased in OC tissues and cell lines, which was associated with the unfavorable prognosis of the patients. DNM3OS overexpression enhanced OC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; suppressed E-cadherin protein expression; and facilitated N-cadherin protein expression, while the transfection of miR-193a-3p mimics had the opposite effects. DNM3OS directly interacted with miR-193a-3p, and miR-193a-3p targeted MAP3K3 by directly binding to 3'UTR. DNM3OS could up-regulate the expression of MAP3K3 via repressing miR-193a-3p expression. CONCLUSION DNM3OS, as an oncogenic lncRNA, increases the malignancy of OC cells via regulation of an miR-193a-3p/MAP3K3 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guolin He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rahman I, Athar MT, Islam M. Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Share Some Common and Critical Pathways. Front Oncol 2021; 10:600824. [PMID: 33552973 PMCID: PMC7855858 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.600824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and cancer are among the most frequent and complex diseases. Epidemiological evidence showed that the patients suffering from diabetes are significantly at higher risk for a number of cancer types. There are a number of evidence that support the hypothesis that these diseases are interlinked, and obesity may aggravate the risk(s) of type 2 diabetes and cancer. Multi-level unwanted alterations such as (epi-)genetic alterations, changes at the transcriptional level, and altered signaling pathways (receptor, cytoplasmic, and nuclear level) are the major source which promotes a number of complex diseases and such heterogeneous level of complexities are considered as the major barrier in the development of therapeutic agents. With so many known challenges, it is critical to understand the relationships and the commonly shared causes between type 2 diabetes and cancer, which is difficult to unravel and understand. Furthermore, the real complexity arises from contended corroborations that specific drug(s) (individually or in combination) during the treatment of type 2 diabetes may increase or decrease the cancer risk or affect cancer prognosis. In this review article, we have presented the recent and most updated evidence from the studies where the origin, biological background, the correlation between them have been presented or proved. Furthermore, we have summarized the methodological challenges and tasks that are frequently encountered. We have also outlined the physiological links between type 2 diabetes and cancers. Finally, we have presented and summarized the outline of the hallmarks for both these diseases, diabetes and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishrat Rahman
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tanwir Athar
- Scientific Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mozaffarul Islam
- Scientific Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lipid Regulatory Proteins as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Ovarian Cancer in Obese Women. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113469. [PMID: 33233362 PMCID: PMC7700662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a recognized global epidemic that is associated with numerous comorbidities including type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer incidence and progression. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) has a unique mechanism of intra-peritoneal metastasis, already present in 80% of women at the time of diagnosis, making it the fifth leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy. Meta-analyses showed that obesity increases the risk of OvCa progression, leads to enhanced overall and organ-specific tumor burden, and adversely effects survival of women with OvCa. Recent data discovered that tumors grown in mice fed on a western diet (40% fat) have elevated lipid levels and a highly increased expression level of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1). SREBP1 is a master transcription factor that regulates de novo lipogenesis and lipid homeostasis, and induces lipogenic reprogramming of tumor cells. Elevated SREBP1 levels are linked to cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. This review will summarize recent findings to provide a current understanding of lipid regulatory proteins in the ovarian tumor microenvironment with emphasis on SREBP1 expression in the obese host, the role of SREBP1 in cancer progression and metastasis, and potential therapeutic targeting of SREBPs and SREBP-pathway genes in treating cancers, particularly in the context of host obesity.
Collapse
|
11
|
van Lieshout L, van de Stolpe A, van der Ploeg P, Bowtell D, de Hullu J, Piek J. Signal Transduction Pathway Activity in High-Grade, Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Reveals a More Favorable Prognosis in Tumors with Low PI3K and High NF-κB Pathway Activity: A Novel Approach to a Long-Standing Enigma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092660. [PMID: 32961868 PMCID: PMC7564278 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary All cells have a complex internal network of ‘communication chains’ called signal transduction pathways (STPs). Through interaction of different proteins in STPs, they are partly responsible for the behavior of a cell. In our study, we investigated the activity of eight STPs in datasets with genetic information on 140 cancer samples. These samples were derived from the most common subtype of ovarian cancer: high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). With a novel method, we determined which STPs were active and discerned two groups based on activity of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathways. The group with low PI3K and high NF-kB activity had a better progression free and overall survival compared to the group with high PI3K and low NF-kB activity. This difference may indicate that the ‘better prognosis group’ had a more active immune system or that the cells divided at a slower rate. Abstract We investigated signal transduction pathway (STP) activity in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) in relation to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). We made use of signal transduction pathway activity analysis (STA analysis), a novel method to quantify functional STP activity. Activity of the following pathways was measured: androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Hedgehog (Hh), Notch, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and Wnt. We selected HGSC samples from publicly available datasets of ovarian cancer tissue, and used repeated k-means clustering to identify pathway activity clusters. PFS and OS of the clusters were analyzed. We used a subset of publicly available dataset GSE9891 (n = 140), where repeated k-means clustering based on PI3K and NF-κB pathway activity in HGSC samples resulted in two stable clusters. The cluster with low PI3K and high NF-κB pathway activity (n = 72) had a more favorable prognosis for both PFS (p = 0.004) and OS (p = 0.001) compared to the high-PI3K and low-NF-κB pathway activity cluster (n = 68). The low PI3K and high NF-κB pathway activity of the favorable prognosis cluster may indicate a more active immune response, while the high PI3K and low NF-κB pathway activity of the unfavorable prognosis cluster may indicate high cell division.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura van Lieshout
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, 5602ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (J.P.)
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-6-2211-9850
| | - Anja van de Stolpe
- Precision Diagnostics, Philips Research, 5656AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Phyllis van der Ploeg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, 5602ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (J.P.)
| | - David Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne 3000, Australia;
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Joanne de Hullu
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jurgen Piek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Cancer Institute, Catharina Hospital, 5602ZA Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (P.v.d.P.); (J.P.)
| |
Collapse
|