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Sakr SA, EL-Emam HA, Naiel MAE, Wahed NM, Zaher HA, Mohamed Soliman M, Shukry M, Shehata AM, Alkhedaide A, Elghareeb MM. The effects of paulownia ( Paulownia tomentosa) leaf extract enriched diets on meat quality, sensory attributes, and the potential economic impact of broilers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2121665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A. Sakr
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Huda A. EL-Emam
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. E. Naiel
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Noha M. Wahed
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Zaher
- Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Abdelrazeq M. Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Adil Alkhedaide
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona M. Elghareeb
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Baéza E, Lessire M, Chartrin P, Juin H, Méteau K, Guillevic M, Chesneau G. Qualitative market segmentation of broiler grillers by using alternative proteins to soybeans and lipid sources in feeding programmes. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:261-269. [PMID: 33111568 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1843139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of the present study was to investigate increasing amount of n-3 fatty acids (FA) in common edible chicken meat cuts by testing different levels of extruded linseeds (LS) and rapeseed oil in growing and finishing diets. Another challenge was to replace a part of soybean meal by faba beans.2. For that purpose, 3168, one-day-old Hubbard JV15 strain chickens were distributed into six groups: R1 = control diet, R2 = 3% then 5% LS, R3 = 4% then 6% LS, R4 = 5% then 7% LS, R5 = 3% then 5% LS and a low amount of soybean meal in the finishing diet and R6 = 3% then 5% LS and no soybean meal in the finishing diet. The growing performance was recorded throughout the trial. At 30 days of age, all chickens were slaughtered in a commercial slaughter plant at an average weight of 1322 g, to mirror the production of low body weight 'broiler griller' birds commonly available for export markets. Thirty carcases per group were processed to determine cut yields. The edible parts from each half carcase were removed to determine the chemical composition and fatty acid composition of meat with skin. The sensorial quality of thighs was evaluated for 20 carcases per group, after roasting. The environmental and economic impacts of the feeding programmes were further evaluated.3. This study showed that it was possible to replace a part of the soybean meal in finishing diet by faba beans and to enrich meat with n-3 FA of broiler meat portions without altering growth performance, carcase composition and sensorial quality of meat. The environmental impact was reduced by these dietary interventions, whereby climate change parameters, expressed as kg CO2 eq./T, and phosphorus and fossil energy consumption were lower, but the land occupation was increased. The extra feed cost was +3 to +8% for groups fed R2 to R6 compared to the control group R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Baéza
- INRAE, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - M Lessire
- INRAE, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - P Chartrin
- INRAE, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - H Juin
- INRAE, EASM, Le Magneraud, Saint-Pierre d'Amilly, Surgères, France
| | - K Méteau
- INRAE, EASM, Le Magneraud, Saint-Pierre d'Amilly, Surgères, France
| | | | - G Chesneau
- Valorex, La Messayais, Combourtillé, France
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Johnson C, Duong T, Latham R, Shirley R, Lee J. Effects of amino acid and energy density on growth performance and processing yield of mixed-sex Cobb 700 × MV broiler chickens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Borges Filho RDC, Bernardi D, Sturza VS, Cunha USD, Diez-Rodríguez GI, Sene Pinto A, Nava DE. Importance of Sugar for the Development of Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on Artificial Diet. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:2693-2698. [PMID: 30272187 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To obtain insects with biological characteristics similar to those of wild insects, this study evaluated the development of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) reared on artificial diet containing different sugar concentrations. First-instar caterpillars were fed seven artificial diets containing 0, 6.56, 13.13, 26.26, 52.52, 105.04, and 210.08 g of sugar per liter of diet. We evaluated the duration and viability of developmental stages, weight of pupae, fecundity and longevity of generations F1, F2, F4, F6, and F8. The artificial diet containing 26.26 and 52.52 g of sugar per liter provided the greatest viability of insects (above 75%) for the egg-adult period for eight consecutive generations, and was higher (P < 0.05) than other treatments, where viability was lower than 50%. Based on the fertility life table in F8 generation, the highest reproductive rates (Ro) were obtained in insects fed the artificial diet containing 26.26 (Ro = 126.39) and 52.52 g of sugar (Ro = 147.31). Conversely, insects to other diets presented the highest values of biological cycle duration (T = 55 d) and reductions of 50 and 90% on intrinsic rate of increase (rm = 0.0063, 0.079, 0.077, and 0.064) and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.001, 1.082, 1.081, and 1.006), respectively. We conclude that sugar is essential for the development of D. saccharalis and that amounts of 26.26 and 52.52 g per liter of diet are suitable for the rearing and multiplication of insects in laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Bernardi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Soares Sturza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Uemerson Silva da Cunha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Dori Edson Nava
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Da Costa MJ, Colson G, Frost TJ, Halley J, Pesti GM. Evaluation of starter dietary digestible lysine level on broilers raised under a sex-separated or straight-run housing regime, part 2: Economics of sex separation and digestible lysine level for maximum returns. Poult Sci 2017; 96:3282-3290. [PMID: 28595365 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to determine the maximum net returns digestible lysine (dLys) levels (MNRL) when maintaining the ideal amino acid ratio for starter diets of broilers raised sex separate or comingled (straight-run). A total of 3,240 Ross 708 chicks was separated by sex and placed in 90 pens by 2 rearing types: sex separate (36 males or 36 females) or straight-run (18 males + 18 females). Each rearing type was fed 6 starter diets (25 d) formulated to have dLys levels between 1.05 and 1.80%. A common grower diet with 1.02% of dLys was fed from 25 to 32 days. Body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake were assessed at 25 and 32 d for performance evaluation. Additionally, at 26 and 33 d, 4 birds per pen were sampled for carcass yield evaluation. Data were modeled using response surface methodology in order to estimate feed intake and whole carcass weight at 1,600 g live BW. Returns over feed cost were estimated for a 1.8-million-broiler complex of each rearing system under 9 feed/meat price scenarios. Results indicated that females needed more feed to reach market weight, followed by straight-run birds, and then males. At medium meat and feed prices, female birds had MNRL at 1.07% dLys, whereas straight-run and males had MNRL at 1.05%. As feed and meat prices increased, females had MNRL increased up to 1.15% dLys. Sex separation resulted in increased revenue under certain feed and meat prices, and before sex separation cost was deducted. When the sexing cost was subtracted from the returns, sex separation was not shown to be economically viable when targeting birds for light market BW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Colson
- University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606
| | - T J Frost
- Wayne Farms LLC, 4110 Continental Drive, Oakwood, Georgia 30566
| | - J Halley
- Aviagen Inc., 5015 Bradford Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805
| | - G M Pesti
- University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606
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Da Costa MJ, Colson G, Frost TJ, Halley J, Pesti GM. Straight-run vs. sex separate rearing for two broiler genetic lines Part 2: Economic analysis and processing advantages. Poult Sci 2017; 96:2127-2136. [PMID: 28339876 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the effects of raising broilers under sex separate and straight-run conditions for 2 broiler genetic lines. One-day-old Ross 308 and Ross 708 chicks (n = 1,344) were sex separated and placed in 48 pens according to rearing type: sex separate (28 males or 28 females) or straight-run (14 males + 14 females). There were 3 dietary phases: starter (zero to 17 d), grower (17 to 32 d), and finisher (32 to 48 d). Bird individual BW and group feed intakes were measured at 12, 17, 25, 32, 42, and 48 d to evaluate performance. At 33, 43, and 49 d 4 birds per pen (straight-run pens 2 males + 2 females) were sampled for carcass yield evaluation. Data were analyzed using linear and non-linear regression in order to estimate feed intake and cut-up weights at 3 separate market weights (1,700, 2,700, and 3,700 g). Returns over feed cost were estimated for a 1.8 million broiler complex for each rearing system and under 9 feed/meat price scenarios. Overall, rearing birds that were sex separated resulted in extra income that ranged from ${\$}$48,824 to ${\$}$330,300 per week, depending on the market targeted and feed and meat price scenarios. Sex separation was shown to be especially important in disadvantageous scenarios in which feed prices were high. Gains from sex separation were markedly higher for the Ross 708 than for the Ross 308 broilers. Bird variability also was evaluated at the 3 separate market ages under narrow ranges of BW that were targeted. Straight-run birds decreased the number of birds present in the desired range. Depending on market weight, straight-run rearing resulted in 9.1 to 16.6% fewer birds than sex separate rearing to meet marketing goals. It was concluded that sex separation can result in increased company profitability and have possible beneficial effects at the processing plant due to increased bird uniformity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Colson
- University of Georgia, Athens 30606
| | - T J Frost
- Wayne Farms LLC, 4110 Continental Drive, Oakwood, Georgia 30566
| | - J Halley
- Aviagen Inc., 5015 Bradford Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805
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Pascacio-Villafán C, Birke A, Williams T, Aluja M. Modeling the cost-effectiveness of insect rearing on artificial diets: A test with a tephritid fly used in the sterile insect technique. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173205. [PMID: 28257496 PMCID: PMC5336270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We modeled the cost-effectiveness of rearing Anastrepha ludens, a major fruit fly pest currently mass reared for sterilization and release in pest control programs implementing the sterile insect technique (SIT). An optimization model was generated by combining response surface models of artificial diet cost savings with models of A. ludens pupation, pupal weight, larval development time and adult emergence as a function of mixtures of yeast, a costly ingredient, with corn flour and corncob fractions in the diet. Our model revealed several yeast-reduced mixtures that could be used to prepare diets that were considerably cheaper than a standard diet used for mass rearing. Models predicted a similar production of insects (pupation and adult emergence), with statistically similar pupal weights and larval development times between yeast-reduced diets and the standard mass rearing diet formulation. Annual savings from using the modified diets could be up to 5.9% of the annual cost of yeast, corn flour and corncob fractions used in the standard diet, representing a potential saving of US $27.45 per ton of diet (US $47,496 in the case of the mean annual production of 1,730.29 tons of artificial diet in the Moscafrut mass rearing facility at Metapa, Chiapas, Mexico). Implementation of the yeast-reduced diet on an experimental scale at mass rearing facilities is still required to confirm the suitability of new mixtures of artificial diet for rearing A. ludens for use in SIT. This should include the examination of critical quality control parameters of flies such as adult flight ability, starvation resistance and male sexual competitiveness across various generations. The method used here could be useful for improving the cost-effectiveness of invertebrate or vertebrate mass rearing diets worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pascacio-Villafán
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
- * E-mail: (CP-V); (MA)
| | - Andrea Birke
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Trevor Williams
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Martín Aluja
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
- * E-mail: (CP-V); (MA)
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Daryoush Shakouri M, Malekzadeh M. Responses of broiler chickens to the nutrient recommendations of NRC (1994) and the Ross broiler management manual. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2016. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v29n2a02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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