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Lin X, Meng T, Yang T, Xu X, Zhao Y, Wu X. Circadian zinc feeding regime in laying hens related to laying performance, oxidation status, and interaction of zinc and calcium. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6783-6796. [PMID: 33248594 PMCID: PMC7704742 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated that circadian zinc (Zn) feeding regime affected laying performance, Zn and calcium (Ca) status, antioxidant capacity and gene expression of circadian clock, and Ca and Zn transporter in laying hens. In total, 162 of 21-wk Hyline Sophie laying hens were assigned randomly into 3 groups including CON group (Control Zn, basal diets supplemented 60 mg/kg Zn), HL group (high-low Zn, basal diets supplemented 120 mg/kg Zn—basal diets), and LH group (low-high Zn, basal diets—basal diets supplemented 120 mg/kg Zn), which were fed at 0,530 h and 1,530 h, respectively. Blood, tibia, duodenum, and eggshell gland samples were collected at 8 h intervals with starting at 0,000 h in 1 d after 10 wk of experiment. Compared with CON group: 1) Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of LH and HL group decreased significantly (P < 0.05); 2) in serum, total antioxidant capacity and CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) at 0,000 h increased significantly, as well as Ca and Zn concentration of tibia at 0,800 h in LH group (P < 0.05); 3) in duodenum, mRNA expression of calbindin-d28k (CaBP) and NCX1 at 1,600 h in HL group upregulated significantly, as well as Per2 and Per3 at 0,000 h, CLOCK, Cry2, Per2, and Per3 at 1,600 h (P < 0.05). But, Zn5 at 0,800 h in HL group downregulated significantly (P < 0.05). 4) In eggshell gland, the mRNA expression of CaBP at 0,000 h and Zn5 at 1,600 h in HL group downregulated significantly (P < 0.05). However, SOD at 1,600 h in HL group upregulated significantly, as well as Cry1 and Per3 at 0,800 h in HL group upregulated significantly (P < 0.05). In conclusion, circadian Zn feeding diet regime was beneficial to improvement of FCR. The regulation of laying hens' circadian rhythms affected Zn and Ca transporter and interrelationship between Ca and Zn metabolism, also altered antioxidant capacity in present study. Therefore, circadian Zn feeding regime can be considered as a new method to improve laying performance in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Lin
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Tiantian Meng
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Guangzhou Tanke Bio-tech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510528, China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Xin Wu
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
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Effect of Bacillus cereus and Phytase on the Expression of Musculoskeletal Strength and Gut Health in Japanese Quail ( Coturnix japonica). J Poult Sci 2020; 57:200-204. [PMID: 32733153 PMCID: PMC7387942 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0190057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a 28-day trial to evaluate the influence of Bacillus cereus and phytase supplementation on the expression of musculoskeletal strength and intestinal histological features in Japanese quail. Two-hundred day-old quail chicks were divided into four groups with five replicates (n=10): the first group served as a control and was fed only a basal diet (BD); the second group was fed BD + 0.1% B. cereus; the third group was fed BD + 0.01% microbial phytase; and the fourth group was fed BD + 0.01% microbial phytase + 0.1% B. cereus. Compared to the control, individual and combined supplementation of probiotic and phytase increased (P<0.05) the tibial weight, length, outside diameter, and weight of bone ash, but decreased (P<0.05) the weight-to-length index. The water-holding capacity, fiber diameter, fiber cross-sectional area, number of fibers per unit area, fascicle diameter, and fascicle cross-sectional area increased significantly (P<0.05) in birds fed on the combination of phytase and B. cereus. The villus height, width, depth, height-to-crypt depth, and surface area increased significantly (P<0.05) in the B. cereus and phytase groups on an individual basis. The strength of the musculoskeletal system was fully expressed when B. cereus and phytase were given synergistically. However, the histological features of the intestines improved in birds fed on an individual basis.
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"In Silico" Characterization of 3-Phytase A and 3-Phytase B from Aspergillus niger. Enzyme Res 2017; 2017:9746191. [PMID: 29348934 PMCID: PMC5733987 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9746191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytases are used for feeding monogastric animals, because they hydrolyze phytic acid generating inorganic phosphate. Aspergillus niger 3-phytase A (PDB: 3K4Q) and 3-phytase B (PDB: 1QFX) were characterized using bioinformatic tools. Results showed that both enzymes have highly conserved catalytic pockets, supporting their classification as histidine acid phosphatases. 2D structures consist of 43% alpha-helix, 12% beta-sheet, and 45% others and 38% alpha-helix, 12% beta-sheet, and 50% others, respectively, and pI 4.94 and 4.60, aliphatic index 72.25 and 70.26 and average hydrophobicity of -0,304 and -0.330, respectively, suggesting aqueous media interaction. Glycosylation and glycation sites allowed detecting zones that can affect folding and biological activity, suggesting fragmentation. Docking showed that H59 and H63 act as nucleophiles and that D339 and D319 are proton donor residues. MW of 3K4Q (48.84 kDa) and 1QFX (50.78 kDa) is similar; 1QFX forms homodimers which will originate homotetramers with several catalytic center accessible to the ligand. 3K4Q is less stable (instability index 45.41) than 1QFX (instability index 33.66), but the estimated lifespan for 3K4Q is superior. Van der Waals interactions generate hydrogen bonds between the active center and O2 or H of the phytic acid phosphate groups, providing greater stability to these temporal molecular interactions.
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