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Khalifeh DM, Czeglédi L, Gulyas G. Investigating the potential role of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in regulating the ubiquitin signaling pathway in poultry. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 356:114577. [PMID: 38914296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The physiological processes in animal production are regulated through biologically active molecules like peptides, proteins, and hormones identified through the development of the fundamental sciences and their application. One of the main polypeptides that plays an essential role in regulating physiological responses is the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP). PACAP belongs to the glucagon/growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)/vasoactive intestinal proteins (VIP) family and regulates feed intake, stress, and immune response in birds. Most of these regulations occur after PACAP stimulates the cAMP signaling pathway, which can regulate the expression of genes like MuRF1, FOXO1, Atrogin 1, and other ligases that are essential members of the ubiquitin system. On the other hand, PACAP stimulates the secretion of CRH in response to stress, activating the ubiquitin signaling pathway that plays a vital role in protein degradation and regulates oxidative stress and immune responses. Many studies conducted on rodents, mammals, and other models confirm the regulatory effects of PACAP, cAMP, and the ubiquitin pathway; however, there are no studies testing whether PACAP-induced cAMP signaling in poultry regulates the ubiquitin pathway. Besides, it would be interesting to investigate if PACAP can regulate ubiquitin signaling during stress response via CRH altered by HPA axis stimulation. Therefore, this review highlights a summary of research studies that indicate the potential interaction of the PACAP and ubiquitin signaling pathways on different molecular and physiological parameters in poultry species through the cAMP and stress signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha Mohamad Khalifeh
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, Debrecen 4032 Hungary; Doctoral School of Animal Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Levente Czeglédi
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, Debrecen 4032 Hungary
| | - Gabriella Gulyas
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, Debrecen 4032 Hungary
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Namoju R, Chilaka KN. Protective effect of alpha‑lipoic acid against in utero cytarabine exposure-induced hepatotoxicity in rat female neonates. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03036-4. [PMID: 38459988 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Cytarabine, an anti-metabolite drug, remains the mainstay of treatment for hematological malignancies. It causes various toxic effects including teratogenicity. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural antioxidant reported to offer protection against hepatotoxicity induced by various pathological conditions, drugs, or chemicals. We investigated the protective effect of ALA against prenatal cytarabine exposure-induced hepatotoxicity in rat female neonates. A total of 30 dams were randomly assigned to five groups and received normal saline, ALA 200 mg/kg, cytarabine 12.5 mg/kg, cytarabine 25 mg/kg, and cytarabine 25 mg/kg + ALA 200 mg/kg, respectively, from gestational day (GD)8 to GD21. Cytarabine and ALA were administered via intraperitoneal and oral (gavage) routes, respectively. On postnatal day (PND)1, all the live female neonates (pups) were collected and weighed. The blood and liver from pups were carefully collected and used for histopathological, and biochemical evaluations. A significant and dose-dependent decrease in maternal food intake and weight gain was observed in the pregnant rats (dams) of the cytarabine groups as compared to the dams of the control group. The pups exposed to cytarabine showed a significant and dose-dependent (a) decrease in body weight, liver weight, hepatosomatic index, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, serum albumin levels and (b) increase in malondialdehyde, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, AST/ALT ratio, and histopathological anomalies. Maternal co-administration of ALA ameliorated these biochemical changes and histopathological abnormalities by combating oxidative stress. Future studies are warranted to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the ALA's protective effects against prenatal cytarabine-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanachary Namoju
- Department of Pharmacology, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India.
- Department of Pharmacology, Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India.
| | - Kavitha N Chilaka
- Department of Pharmacology, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
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Yang Z, Stemmer PM, Petriello MC. Proteomics-Based Identification of Interaction Partners of the Xenobiotic Detoxification Enzyme FMO3 Reveals Involvement in Urea Cycle. TOXICS 2022; 10:60. [PMID: 35202247 PMCID: PMC8877285 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) has been implicated in the development of cardiometabolic disease primarily due to its enzymatic product trimethylamine-N oxide (TMAO), which has recently been shown to be associated with multiple chronic diseases, including kidney and coronary artery diseases. Although TMAO may have causative roles as a pro-inflammatory mediator, the possibility for roles in metabolic disease for FMO3, irrespective of TMAO formation, does exist. We hypothesized that FMO3 may interact with other proteins known to be involved in cardiometabolic diseases and that modulating the expression of FMO3 may impact on these interaction partners. Here, we combine a co-immunoprecipitation strategy coupled to unbiased proteomic workflow to report a novel protein:protein interaction network for FMO3. We identified 51 FMO3 protein interaction partners, and through gene ontology analysis, have identified urea cycle as an enriched pathway. Using mice deficient in FMO3 on two separate backgrounds, we validated and further investigated expressional and functional associations between FMO3 and the identified urea cycle genes. FMO3-deficient mice showed hepatic overexpression of carbamoylphosphate synthetase (CPS1), the rate-limiting gene of urea cycle, and increased hepatic urea levels, especially in mice of FVB (Friend leukemia virus B strain) background. Finally, overexpression of FMO3 in murine AML12 hepatocytes led to downregulation of CPS1. Although there is past literature linking TMAO to urea cycle, this is the first published work showing that FMO3 and CPS1 may directly interact, implicating a role for FMO3 in chronic kidney disease irrespective of TMAO formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (Z.Y.); (P.M.S.)
| | - Paul M. Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (Z.Y.); (P.M.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Michael C. Petriello
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (Z.Y.); (P.M.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Anthony RM, MacLeay JM, Gross KL. Alpha-Lipoic Acid as a Nutritive Supplement for Humans and Animals: An Overview of Its Use in Dog Food. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051454. [PMID: 34069383 PMCID: PMC8158713 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A review of human and animal studies involving alpha-lipoic acid supplementation was conducted to determine the utility of alpha-lipoic acid in dog food. The present literature shows that alpha-lipoic acid has utility as a nutritive additive at concentrations of 2.7–4.94 mg/kg body weight/day and improves antioxidant capacity in dogs. Abstract Alpha-lipoic acid (a-LA) is used as a nutritive additive in dog food. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of studies published to date in PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and MedlinePlus involving alpha-lipoic acid supplementation, which included human clinical trials as well as animal studies, to evaluate its utility as a supplement in foods for healthy, adult dogs. While an upper limit of alpha-lipoic acid intake in humans has not been conclusively determined, the levels for oral intake of a-LA have been better defined in animals, and distinct differences based on species have been described. The maximum tolerated oral dose of a-LA in dogs has been reported as 126 mg/kg body weight and the LD50 as 400 to 500 mg/kg body weight. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective benefits of alpha-lipoic acid in dogs were observed at concentrations much lower than the maximum tolerated dose or proposed LD50. At concentrations of 2.7–4.94 mg/kg body weight/day, alpha-lipoic acid is well tolerated and posed no health risks to dogs while providing improved antioxidant capacity. This review thereby supports the utility of alpha-lipoic acid as an effective nutritive additive in dog food.
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Ibrahim Fouad G, R Mousa M. The protective potential of alpha lipoic acid on amiodarone-induced pulmonary fibrosis and hepatic injury in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3433-3448. [PMID: 33973131 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amiodarone (AMD) is a widely used antiarrhythmic drug prescribed to treat cardiac tachyarrhythmias; however, AMD has been reported to provoke pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the influence of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on AMD-induced PF and hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. AMD administration resulted in elevated lung contents of hydroxyproline (Hyp), malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased serum levels of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), aspartate amino transaminase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and glucose. On the other side, lung content of glutathione reduced (GSH) and serum levels of total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC) were significantly decreased. Histopathologically, AMD caused PF, produced a mild hepatic injury, and increased expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Treatment with ALA produced a significant reversal of the oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammation parameters with reductions in α-SMA expressions, leading to amelioration of histopathological lesions. ALA might provide supportive therapy in AMD-receiving cardiovascular patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadha Ibrahim Fouad
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed R Mousa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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Lee VK, David JM, Huerkamp MJ. Micro- and Macroenvironmental Conditions and Stability of Terrestrial Models. ILAR J 2020; 60:120-140. [PMID: 33094820 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental variables can have profound effects on the biological responses of research animals and the outcomes of experiments dependent on them. Some of these influences are both predictable and unpredictable in effect, many are challenging to standardize, and all are influenced by the planning and conduct of experiments and the design and operation of the vivarium. Others are not yet known. Within the immediate environment where the research animal resides, in the vivarium and in transit, the most notable of these factors are ambient temperature, relative humidity, gaseous pollutant by-products of animal metabolism and physiology, dust and particulates, barometric pressure, electromagnetic fields, and illumination. Ambient temperatures in the animal housing environment, in particular those experienced by rodents below the thermoneutral zone, may introduce degrees of stress and thermoregulatory compensative responses that may complicate or invalidate study measurements across a broad array of disciplines. Other factors may have more subtle and specific effects. It is incumbent on scientists designing and executing experiments and staff responsible for animal husbandry to be aware of, understand, measure, systematically record, control, and account for the impact of these factors on sensitive animal model systems to ensure the quality and reproducibility of scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa K Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Division of Animal Resources, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John M David
- Translational Medicine Department, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael J Huerkamp
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Division of Animal Resources, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Ye N, Lv Z, Dai H, Huang Z, Shi F. Dietary alpha-lipoic acid supplementation improves spermatogenesis and semen quality via antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in aged breeder roosters. Theriogenology 2020; 159:20-27. [PMID: 33113440 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on the reproductive performance of aged breeder roosters. Sixteen 50-wk-old ROSS 308 breeder roosters were randomly allocated to two groups: roosters received a basal diet (CON), or a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg of ALA (ALA). The results indicated that dietary ALA supplementation significantly increased sperm concentration, motility, viability, and membrane functional integrity. ALA also dramatically increased seminiferous tubule epithelial height (SEH) and testis scores. The ALA group had a higher serum concentration of testosterone than the CON group. ALA supplementation remarkably increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) in the testes; following a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In addition, we noted significant upregulation of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression of and mRNA expression of its Downstream Genes (GPx1, NQO1, and GCLC), as well as significant downregulation of Keap1 mRNA expression in testicular tissue of aged roosters with ALA supplementation. The protein expression of Caspase 3 was downregulated and the protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was upregulated by ALA supplementation. The mRNA expression of spermatogenesis-related genes (ER1, AKT1, and Cav1) were markedly augmented in the ALA group compared with the CON group. In conclusion, dietary ALA supplementation enhanced the testicular antioxidant capacity through the Nrf2-signaling pathway, exerted anti-apoptotic effects, and improved the reproductive performance of aged roosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanwei Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenwu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Ma H, Xu B, Li W, Wei F, Kim WK, Chen C, Sun Q, Fu C, Wang G, Li S. Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on the behavior, serum indicators, and bone quality of broilers under stocking density stress. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4653-4661. [PMID: 32988500 PMCID: PMC7598135 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of present study was to investigate the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) dietary supplementation on the behavior, physiological and oxidant stress indicators, and bone quality in broilers under high stocking density (HSD) stress. A total of one thousand eight hundred 22-day-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 18 pens (2.97 × 2.03 m) in 3 groups: 14 birds/m2 (NSD, normal stocking density) or 18 birds/m2 (HSD) or 18 birds/m2 plus 300 mg/kg ALA dietary supplement (HSD + ALA, high stocking density + alpha-lipoic acid). Each treatment had 6 replicates, and the experiment lasted 3 wk. The HSD group was significantly lower than the NSD group (P < 0.05) in the frequency of eating, walking, and preening behavior. The alkaline phosphatase activity and serum calcium content were significantly higher, and the parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was significantly lower in the HSD group than in the NSD group (P < 0.05). When compared with the NSD group, the HSD group showed an increase (P < 0.05) in serum heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (H/L ratio), corticosterone (CORT), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and catalase (CAT) activity, whereas a decrease (P < 0.05) in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) concentrations. The HSD group was also significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the NSD group in the tibia and femur breaking strength, bone mineral density, and BMC. Importantly, the addition of ALA into the diets of the HSD group enabled the HSD + ALA group to recover to the levels of NSD group (P > 0.05) in the standing and preening behavior, alkaline phosphatase activity, PTH concentration, H/L ratio, CAT, T-AOC, MDA, SOD, and GSH-Px. These results indicate that the increase of stocking density lowered the bone quality, increased the physiological and oxidative stress indicators, and modified the behavior of broilers, whereas ALA dietary supplementation could counteract the reduction in the performance and physiological responses of broilers under high-density environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wenjia Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Fengxian Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Chongxiao Chen
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Quanyou Sun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chen Fu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Gaili Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shaoyu Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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The imbalance of Th1/Th2 triggers an inflammatory response in chicken spleens after ammonia exposure. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3817-3822. [PMID: 32731967 PMCID: PMC7598003 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia is a hazardous environmental pollutant that can be harmful to animal health. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of ammonia exposure on broiler chicken spleens. We randomly divided one hundred twenty 1-day-old broiler chickens into 3 groups and raised them with exposure to different ammonia concentrations (low, middle, and high); at 42 D of age, the chicken spleens were extracted. We observed histopathologic changes in spleen tissues by microscopy and measured the expression of Th1/Th2 secreted cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon-γ [IFN-γ], tumor necrosis factor-α) by RT-PCR. We also measured the expression of nuclear receptor-κB (NF-κB) pathway–related genes (cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], nitric oxide synthase [iNOS], and prostaglandin synthetase [PGE]) in spleens by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Histopathologic observations indicated that the spleen tissues were seriously injured in the high ammonia concentration group. There was abnormal cytokine expression, including increased IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ and decreased IL-2, which indicated an imbalance in the Th1/Th2 response. The proinflammatory factors such as NF-κB, COX-2, iNOS, and PGE were upregulated in the high ammonia group. In conclusion, this study illustrated that ammonia exposure led to a Th1/Th2 immune imbalance and triggered the NF-κB pathway, causing inflammatory damage to the spleen.
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Gao J, Zhu Y, Guo Z, Xu G, Xu P. Transcriptomic analysis reveals different responses to ammonia stress and subsequent recovery between Coilia nasus larvae and juveniles. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 230:108710. [PMID: 31958509 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Excessive ammonia triggered negative effects on aquatic animals' health, growth, and mass death, especially at different developmental periods. However, the underlying responses to ammonia stress in fish larvae and juveniles were much less explored. Transcriptomic analysis of Coilia nasus larvae and juveniles treated with ammonia stress and subsequent recovery in freshwater were performed. Total 958,213,132 clean reads were obtained. A total of 234,830 unigenes with an average length of 1397 bp and N50 value 2521 bp were assembled. 831 and 952 DEGs were identified in C. nasus larvae and juveniles, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that genes associated with purine metabolism, immune, inflammation, epigenetic modification, and nerve conduction presented different expression trends between C. nasus larvae and juveniles. Other genes related to purine metabolism (XDH) and epigenetic modifications (DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B) detected by RT-qPCR also displayed different expression trends. These results indicated that ammonia detoxify strategies and gene regulation patterns were different in C. nasus larvae and juveniles. Higher TNF-α, ILF-2, and ILF-3 expression and reduced LZM, AKP, and ACP activities suggested that inflammation and declined immunity were triggered by ammonia stress. Additionally, nervous conduction was severely affected under ammonia stress in C. nasus juveniles. Furthermore, recovery in freshwater had positive effects on nervous conduction. However, it was worth noting that reduced immunity and inflammation were still existed after recovery in freshwater. In conclusion, our study would be beneficial to reveal the different responses to ammonia stress between larvae and juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhu
- Nantong Longyang Aquatic Products Co., Ltd, Nantong 226600, China
| | - Zhenglong Guo
- Nantong Longyang Aquatic Products Co., Ltd, Nantong 226600, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China..
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China..
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Li W, Wei F, Xu B, Sun Q, Deng W, Ma H, Bai J, Li S. Effect of stocking density and alpha-lipoic acid on the growth performance, physiological and oxidative stress and immune response of broilers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 32:1914-1922. [PMID: 31010966 PMCID: PMC6819680 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of stocking density and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on the growth performance, feed utilization, carcass traits, antioxidative ability and immune response of broilers. Methods A total of 1,530 22-day-old male broilers (Arbor Acres) with comparable body weights (731.92±5.26) were placed into 18 cages (2.46×2.02 m) in groups of 75 birds (15 birds/m2, 37.5 kg/m2; low stocking density [LD]), 90 birds (18 birds/m2, 45.0 kg/m2; high stocking density [HD]) and 90 birds with 300 mg/kg ALA added to the basal diet (18 birds/m2, 45.0 kg/m2; HD+ALA, high stocking density+α-lipoic acid); each treatment was represented by 6 replicates. The experimental period was 3 weeks. Results The results showed that the high stocking density regimen resulted in a decreased growth, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, thigh yield and bursa weight relative to body weight (p<0.05) on d 42. The abdominal fat yield in the HD+ALA group was lower (p = 0.031) than that of the LD group at 42 d. The superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in serum were increased, and malondialdehyde content decreased after adding ALA product (p<0.05) on d 42. Additionally, the serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG were decreased (p<0.05) and the level of diamine oxidase was higher (p< 0.01) in the HD group on d 42. Conclusion The high stocking density significantly decreased broiler growth performance, feed utilization and carcass traits, increased physiological and oxidative stress and induced intestinal mucosal injury. The supplementation of ALA product in broiler diet at 300 mg/kg may reduce the adverse effects of high stocking density-mediated stress by maintaining the antioxidant system and humoral immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Fengxian Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Quanyou Sun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Huihui Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Shaoyu Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
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El-Senousey HK, Chen B, Wang JY, Atta AM, Mohamed FR, Nie QH. Effects of dietary vitamin C, vitamin E, and alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on the antioxidant defense system and immune-related gene expression in broilers exposed to oxidative stress by dexamethasone. Poult Sci 2018; 97:30-38. [PMID: 29077914 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C, vitamin E, and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) are potent nutritional antioxidants, which are important for enhancing immunity. This study compared the effects of supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, or ALA on the antioxidant defense system and the expression of immune-related genes under oxidative stress induced by dexamethasone (DEX) in broilers. In total, 240 one-day-old female Recessive White Rock chickens were assigned randomly to either a basal diet (control group) or basal diet supplemented with vitamin C (200 mg/kg diet), vitamin E (100 mg/kg), or ALA (500 mg/kg) for 28 d starting from hatching. At 21 d of age, birds fed the ALA-supplemented diet had the highest plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) enzyme activities, and the lowest plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) activity, as well as the lowest mRNA gene expression levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor (LITAF). At 23 d of age, the broilers in the 3 treatment groups were injected in the thigh muscle with DEX for 3 alternating days. In addition, the control group was divided into 2 equal groups, in which one was injected with saline and the other was injected with DEX. At 28 d of age, the DEX-ALA group (P < 0.05) had the highest activity levels for T-AOC, T-SOD, and GSH-PX in the plasma and liver (P < 0.05), and the greatest reduction in the MDA level. Dietary ALA significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of the interleukin 1 β (IL-1β), IL-6, IFN-γ, and LITAF genes compared with the other groups during oxidative stress by DEX. In conclusion, this study suggests that in broilers, ALA is more effective for normalizing the oxidative stress induced by DEX than vitamin C or vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K El-Senousey
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - B Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - J Y Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - A M Atta
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - F R Mohamed
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Q H Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
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Sohaib M, Anjum FM, Nasir M, Saeed F, Arshad MS, Hussain S. Alpha-lipoic acid: An inimitable feed supplement for poultry nutrition. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 102:33-40. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sohaib
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Lahore Pakistan
| | - F. M. Anjum
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Lahore Pakistan
| | - M. Nasir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences; Lahore Pakistan
| | - F. Saeed
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - M. S. Arshad
- Institute of Home & Food Sciences; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - S. Hussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; College of Food and Agricultural Sciences; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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