1
|
Nielsen SS, Alvarez J, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin‐Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Schmidt CG, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Padalino B, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Stahl K, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Berg C, Edwards S, Knierim U, Riber A, Salamon A, Tiemann I, Fabris C, Manakidou A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Van der Stede Y, Vitali M, Velarde A. Welfare of ducks, geese and quail on farm. EFSA J 2023; 21:e07992. [PMID: 37200855 PMCID: PMC10186070 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This Scientific Opinion concerns the welfare of Domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata domesticus) and their hybrids (Mule ducks), Domestic geese (Anser anser f. domesticus) and Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in relation to the rearing of breeders, birds for meat, Muscovy and Mule ducks and Domestic geese for foie gras and layer Japanese quail for egg production. The most common husbandry systems (HSs) in the European Union are described for each animal species and category. The following welfare consequences are described and assessed for each species: restriction of movement, injuries (bone lesions including fractures and dislocations, soft tissue lesions and integument damage and locomotory disorders including lameness), group stress, inability to perform comfort behaviour, inability to perform exploratory or foraging behaviour and inability to express maternal behaviour (related to prelaying and nesting behaviours). Animal-based measures relevant for the assessment of these welfare consequences were identified and described. The relevant hazards leading to the welfare consequences in the different HSs were identified. Specific factors such as space allowance (including minimum enclosure area and height) per bird, group size, floor quality, characteristics of nesting facilities and enrichment provided (including access to water to fulfil biological needs) were assessed in relation to the welfare consequences and, recommendations on how to prevent the welfare consequences were provided in a quantitative or qualitative way.
Collapse
|
2
|
Arunrao KV, Kannan D, Amutha R, Thiruvenkadan AK, Yakubu A. Production performance of four lines of Japanese quail reared under tropical climatic conditions of Tamil Nadu, India. Front Genet 2023; 14:1128944. [PMID: 37091792 PMCID: PMC10113653 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1128944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This research investigated the growth and other production traits of four distinct lines (L1, L2, L3, and L4) of Japanese quail (Cortunix japanoica) kept in the tropical climate of Tamil Nadu, India. The traits related to body weight at different weeks and weight gain were measured in 180 birds (90 males and 90 females) per line up to the fifth week of age, and then 90 birds (females only) from the sixth to the 16th week of age, with egg production and feed efficiency parameters measured in 10 observations per line. The traits were analysed using the General Linear Model procedure, and Tukey’s HSD was used to test for statistical differences (p < 0.05) between the means for subclasses under a specific effect. The results revealed a highly significant difference (p < 0.01) in body weight from hatch to fifth week of age. At 5th week of age, the L3 and L2 did not differ (p > 0.05) based on Tukey test; therefore, both presented the highest values and were statistically significant (p < 0.01) with L4 with a lowest value of 203.62 g. The cumulative fifth week feed conversion ratio showed non-significant difference (p > 0.05) at first and second week, and highly significant difference (p < 0.01) from third to fifth week of age. The age at 50 per cent egg production was 60.2 (L4), 61.4 (L2), 65.1 (L3) and 66.0 (L1) days and the L1 egg production differed significantly (p < 0.01) from L4 line. The highest bodyweight (g) during the laying period (at 15 weeks of age) was observed in L2 (327.08) and L3 (326.54) and differed significantly (p < 0.01) from L1 (309.24) as well as L4 (288.69) lines. The mean egg weight (g) of different lines showed non-significant difference (p > 0.05) at all weeks, except at 11th week of age (p < 0.01). The mean feed consumption (g)/bird/day differed significantly (p < 0.01) from 6th to 16th week of age, except at sixth and eighth week of age, where it was non-significant (p > 0.05). The overall feed efficiency/dozen of eggs (from 6th to 16th weeks) ranged from 1.33 (L1) to 1.98 (L3). The livability from 6 to 16 weeks of age was 100 per cent in all the lines. In order to boost Japanese quail production in the tropics, L3 and L4 may be selected for body weight and egg production, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keche Vishal Arunrao
- Department of Poultry Science, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Duraisamy Kannan
- Department of Poultry Science, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Amutha
- Department of Poultry Science, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aranganoor Kannan Thiruvenkadan
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
- *Correspondence: Aranganoor Kannan Thiruvenkadan,
| | - Abdulmojeed Yakubu
- Centre for Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Oliveira Castro J, Yanagi Junior T, Bahuti M, Fassani ÉJ, Ribeiro de Lima R. Thermal comfort thresholds for Japanese quails based on performance and egg quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:265-274. [PMID: 36441341 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the effects of thermal stress on Japanese quails helps support decision-making regarding the management of climate control systems. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and egg quality of Japanese quails subjected to different air temperatures (tair) and to propose thresholds for the temperature-humidity index (THI), the Black globe humidity index (BGHI), and enthalpy (H). Two experiments (21 days each) were conducted in four climate-controlled wind tunnels. In the first experiment, tair was 20, 22, 24, and 26 °C, and in the second, tair was 20, 28, 30, and 32 °C. The relative humidity (RH) and air velocity were 60% and 0.3 ms-1, respectively. To define the comfort thresholds, the productive performance of the birds, water intake, and egg quality were evaluated. No differences were observed (p > 0.05) for the performance-related variables, except for feed intake, which decreased (p < 0.05) as tair increased, and water intake, which increased (p < 0.5) by 15.9% starting at 28 °C. For experiments 1 and 2, with tair at 20 °C (tair,obs = 20.8 and 21.3 °C, respectively), there was evidence of cold stress. The shell thickness, Haugh unit, and internal quality unit were negatively influenced (p < 0.05) by tair starting at 28 °C. Japanese quails were able, within certain limits, to adapt to continuous thermal stress. The Japanese quails thermal comfort intervals recommended for THI, BGHI, and H are 68.4 to 76.2, 69.1 to 77.2, and 50.5 to 67.2 kJ kgdry air-1, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadayuki Yanagi Junior
- Engineering School, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bahuti
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Graduate Program in Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Édison José Fassani
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renato Ribeiro de Lima
- Institute of Exact and Technological Sciences, Department of Statistics, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Farzin N, Seraj A. Genetic parameters of weekly egg production using random regression models in two strains of Japanese quails. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:763-769. [PMID: 36031669 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to detect the most appropriate random regression model for estimating the genetic parameters of weekly egg production. Two strains of Japanese quails including wild and white quails and pure and cross mating methods were considered. The egg collection started at the seventh week of age and lasted for 7 weeks. A random regression model using Legendre polynomial was used to analyze the weekly egg records. The model with Legendre polynomial of order 1 for the additive genetic and order 3 for permanent environmental effect was chosen as the appropriate model, based on Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and Akaike information criterion (AIC). The heritability estimates for weekly egg production were low (ranging from 0.06 to 0.09). Furthermore, the ratios of permanent environmental variance to the phenotypic variance were almost moderate, varying from 0.18 to 0.44. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between weekly egg records ranged from 0.65 to 0.93 and from 0.27 to 0.67, respectively. These results indicated that the selection based on the early egg numbers could effectively improve egg production in later periods. Furthermore, the efficiency of egg production can be enhanced with a combination of breeding programs and management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Farzin
- Department of Animal Science, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran.
| | - Abolghasem Seraj
- Department of Animal Science, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Naeem H, Naqvi SZH, Hussain J, Abbas N, Hayat S, Arshad L, Ghayas A, Rehman A. Efficacy of Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum) Plant Powder on Health, Growth and Carcass Traits of Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japonica). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Naeem
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - J Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - N Abbas
- Government Graduate College District Jhang Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - S Hayat
- University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - A Ghayas
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - A Rehman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang L, Shen W, Fang Z, Liu B. Effects of genetically modified maize expressing Cry1Ab and EPSPS proteins on Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2020; 100:1068-1075. [PMID: 33518065 PMCID: PMC7858090 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A 49-d feeding study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the genetically modified (GM) maize strain C0030.3.5 on Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) in terms of body performance and egg quality. Furthermore, the bodily fats of transgenic proteins in the Japanese quails were investigated. The results showed that the parameters body weight, hematology, serum chemistry, relative organ weight, and histopathological appearance were normal in male and female quails that consumed GM diets, and no differences could be attributed to the varying diets in regard to the laying performances or nutrient egg compositions between the groups. Furthermore, the transgenic Cry1Ab and EPSPS proteins were undetectable by Western blot in the blood, organ, fecal, and whole egg samples of quails fed a diet containing GM maize. The results obtained after 49 d suggested that consumption of C0030.3.5 transgenic feed did not adversely affect quail health or egg quality, and there was no evidence of transgenic protein translocation to the blood, tissues, feces, and eggs. Based on the different parameters assessed, C0030.3.5 transgenic maize is a safe food source for quails that does not differ in quality from non-GM maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory on Biosafety of Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Wenjing Shen
- Key Laboratory on Biosafety of Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Zhixiang Fang
- Key Laboratory on Biosafety of Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Biao Liu
- Key Laboratory on Biosafety of Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, China; State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Avellaneda Y, Ariza-Nieto C, Afanador-Téllez G. Crude Glycerin and Energy Density of Diets for Growing, Pre-Lay and Pre-Peak Backcob Brown Egg-Laying Hens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
8
|
SOARES DANIELAF, PIZZOLANTE CARLAC, DUARTE KEILAMARIAR, MORAES JOSÉEVANDRODE, BUDIÑO FÁBIOE, SOARES WEBERV, KAKIMOTO SÉRGIOK. Welfare indicators for laying Japanese quails caged at different densities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 90:3791-3797. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820180276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|