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Moradi S, Moradi A, Atabaigi Elmi V, Reza Abdollahi M. Interactive effect of corn particle size and insoluble fiber source on performance, nutrient utilization and intestine morphology in broilers fed pelleted diets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:1113-1126. [PMID: 33847001 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The effects of corn particle size and dietary fibre on the performance, coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CAID) and intestinal characteristics in broiler starters fed pelleted diets were studied. The experiment included 10 treatments arranged as a 2 × 5 factorial with two corn particle sizes (GMD of 1071 [CGC] vs. 534 [FGC]) and five diets that consisted in a low-fibre diet and four extra diets resulting from the inclusion of insoluble fibre sources (10 g/kg of lignocellulose (LC), and 30 g/kg of oat hulls; OH, rice hulls; RH, and sunflower hulls; SFH). In coarse grinding, all-fibre sources improved body weight gain and feed intake compared to the control diet (p < 0.01). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved with fibre supplementation (p < 0.01) and fine grinding of corn (FGC) (p < 0.01). Coarse grinding of corn (CGC) and inclusion of RH, SFH and OH reduced gizzard pH (p < 0.01). Fibre inclusion increased ileal fat and Ca digestibility (p < 0.01), gizzard weight (p < 0.01), digesta transit time (p < 0.01) and length of duodenum and small intestine (p < 0.01). The CAID of phosphorus increased in CGC fed birds and inclusion of RH, SFH and OH (p < 0.05). The weight of gizzard, proventriculus and pancreas (p < 0.01) was greater in CGC fed birds. Feeding SFH, RH and OH (p < 0.01), and CGC (p < 0.01) increased the villus height (VH) of the duodenum. The OH, RH and SFH supplementation increased the caecal population of Lactobacillus spp. and total anaerobic bacteria (p < 0.01) only in FGC fed birds. Overall, birds fed pelleted diets containing RH, OH and SFH (3%) exhibited improved performance, and increased nutrient digestibility, which may be caused by developed gizzards and intestine. Furthermore, coarse grinding of corn is beneficial to gizzard development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Moradi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arash Moradi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Atabaigi Elmi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abdollahi
- Monogastric Research Center, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Córdova-Noboa HA, Oviedo-Rondón EO, Ortiz A, Matta Y, Hoyos JS, Buitrago GD, Martinez JD, Yanquen JJ, Chico M, Martin VES, Fahrenholz A, Ospina-Rojas IC, Peñuela L. Effects of corn kernel hardness and grain drying temperature on particle size and pellet durability when grinding using a roller mill or hammermill. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Córdova-Noboa HA, Oviedo-Rondón EO, Ortiz A, Matta Y, Hoyos S, Buitrago GD, Martinez JD, Yanquen J, Peñuela L, Sorbara JOB, Cowieson AJ. Corn drying temperature, particle size, and amylase supplementation influence growth performance, digestive tract development, and nutrient utilization of broilers. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5681-5696. [PMID: 33142486 PMCID: PMC7647712 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Broiler live performance may be influenced by postharvest corn drying temperature, and results could depend on particle size after grinding. The supplementation with an exogenous amylase may improve performance parameters, but responses to enzymes are also affected by particle size. Two parallel experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of hard-kernel corn dried at 2 temperatures (35°C and 120°C), ground at 2 particle sizes (coarse or fine), and 3 supplementation levels (0, 133, and 266 g ton-1) of an exogenous amylase on live performance, gastrointestinal organ development, energy utilization, and nutrient digestibility. Twelve dietary treatments resulting from a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of drying temperature, particle size, and amylase supplementation were evaluated in both experiments. A total of 1,920 day-old male chicks were randomly allocated to 96 floor pens, while 480 chicks were distributed among 4 battery brooder units. Ileal and fecal samples were collected to determine energy utilization and nutrient digestibility using titanium dioxide as inert marker. At 42 D, organs were collected, and relative weight or length was determined. Data were analyzed using a three-way ANOVA in a randomized complete block design. Feeding fine corn-based diets showed improvements on live performance for both studies. At 40 D, supplementing 266 g ton-1 of amylase improved feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05) by 1 point compared to chickens that consumed nonsupplemented diets and feed with amylase at 133 g ton-1. Broilers fed coarse corn-based diets had heavier gizzard (P < 0.001) and liver (P < 0.05) than chickens that consumed fine corn-based diets. In addition, starch digestibility was improved by amylase (P < 0.05) at 133 g ton-1 and by feeding coarse corn-based diets (P = 0.06). For chicks raised in cages (16 D), AMEn was increased (P < 0.01) by amylase supplementation regardless of its inclusion level. In conclusion, drying temperature and particle size interactions influenced broiler live performance, gastrointestinal organ development, nutrient digestibility, and energy utilization, and these parameters were improved by supplementing amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar O Oviedo-Rondón
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
| | - Andrés Ortiz
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; University of Tolima, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Ibague, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Yilmar Matta
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; University of Tolima, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Ibague, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Sebastian Hoyos
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; University of Tolima, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Ibague, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Gherly D Buitrago
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; University of Tolima, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Ibague, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Juan D Martinez
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; University of Tolima, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Ibague, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Jose Yanquen
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; University of Tolima, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Ibague, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Lina Peñuela
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; University of Tolima, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Ibague, Tolima, Colombia
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