Antibacterial activity of amoxicillin in vitro and its oral bioavailability in broiler chickens under the influence of 3 water sanitizers

Single and multiple oral amoxicillin treatment in geese: a pharmacokinetic evaluation

Although amoxicillin has broad-spectrum antibiotic activity and is extensive used in poultry, its use has never been investigated in geese. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin after a single and multiple oral doses in geese. A total of 20 geese were enrolled in this study and randomly pooled in two groups (n=10). In group I, animals were treated with a single oral 20 mg/kg dose of amoxicillin, while group II were administered multiple doses (20 mg/kg/day for 4 days). Concentrations of amoxicillin in plasma were analyzed using a validated HPLC-UV method and drug plasma concentrations were modeled for each subject using a non-compartmental approach. Amoxicillin showed rapid absorption after a single dose treatment, with an elimination half-life of approximately 1 h. C_max, T_max and AUC values differed statistically between groups I and II (after the first dose administered). A large variability was observed in the pharmacokinetic profiles and drug accumulation may occur after the multiple administration. No accumulation in plasma was predicted from an in-silico simulation performed using the same multiple dosage schedule. The in-silico simulation does not seem to accurately predict in-field conditions.

Determination of Eleven Veterinary Drugs in Chicken Meat and Liver

Brazil chicken production is around 13 million tons and about a third is exported to over 150 countries, placing Brazil as the world largest chicken meat producer, and therefore it is crucial to follow the legislation of all importer markets. This study conducted a survey by chance in 45 meat industries able to export. Therefore, 2580 chicken meat samples were collected and submitted to 11 analyte extraction and chromatographic verification of compliance in an accredited laboratory. Ten chemical residues (amoxicillin, bacitracin, colistin, dinitolmide + zoalene, spectinomycin, roxarsone, tiamulin, tylosin, trenbolone acetate and virginiamycin) were investigated in chicken meat and one (halofuginone hydrobromide) in chicken liver. The results showed that no compound exceeded the maximum residue limits established by seven legislations. All residue concentrations found were below the method quantification limit, thereby confirming the capability of Brazilian chicken meat industries in complying to foreign markets.