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Zhu X, Zhou Y, Yan S, Qian S, Wang Y, Ju E, Zhang C. Herbal Medicine-Inspired Carbon Quantum Dots with Antibiosis and Hemostasis Effects for Promoting Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:8527-8537. [PMID: 38329426 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Bleeding and bacterial infections are crucial factors affecting wound healing. The usage of herbal medicine-derived materials holds great potential for promoting wound healing. However, the uncertain intrinsic effective ingredients and unclear mechanism of action remain great concerns. Herein, inspired by the herbal medicine Ligusticum wallichii, we reported the synthesis of tetramethylpyrazine-derived carbon quantum dots (TMP-CQDs) for promoting wound healing. Of note, the use of TMP as the precursor instead of L. wallichii ensured the repeatability and homogeneity of the obtained products. Furthermore, TMP-CQDs exhibited high antibacterial activity. Mechanically, TMP-CQDs inhibited the DNA repair, biosynthesis, and quorum sensing of the bacteria and induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, TMP-CQDs could accelerate blood coagulation through activating factor VIII and promoting platelet aggregation. Effective wound healing was achieved by using TMP-CQDs in the Staphylococcus aureus-infected mouse skin wound model. This study sheds light on the development of herbal medicine-inspired materials as effective therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shihai Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shining Qian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Enguo Ju
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Chunbing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
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Sun S, Xie Y, Zhou X, Zhu MJ, Sablani S, Tang J. Survival and thermal resistance of Salmonella in chocolate products with different water activities. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113209. [PMID: 37689954 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of Salmonella in chocolate products has caused worldwide outbreaks and recalls. There is a lack of information on the impact of water activity (aw) on the stability of Salmonella in chocolate products during storage and thermal treatments. In this research, the survival and thermal resistance of a Salmonella cocktail (S. Enteritidis PT30, S. Tennessee K4643, S. Typhimurium S544) was examined in different chocolate products (dark chocolate, white chocolate, milk chocolate) at two aw levels (0.25, 0.50) over 12 months at 22 °C. A reduction of 4.19 log10 CFU/gof Salmonella was obtained in dark chocolate after 12 months (aw = 0.50, at 22 °C); less reductions were observed in white and milk chocolates. In all three products, more reductions were observed ataw = 0.50 than at aw = 0.25 over the 12-months storage. When treated at 80 °C, the D-values (time required to cause 1 log reduction) of the Salmonella cocktail in the chocolate samples with initial aw of 0.25 were 35.7, 25.2 and 11.6 min in dark, white and milk chocolate, respectively, before the storage. The D80°C -values of Salmonella cocktail in the samples with initial aw of 0.50 were 6.45, 7.46, and 3.98 min in dark, white and milk chocolate, respectively. After 12 months of storage at 22 °C, the D80°C-value of Salmonella cocktail decreased to 9.43 min (p < 0.05) in milk chocolate but remained 22.7 min in white chocolate with an aw of 0.25 at 22 °C. The data suggests that Salmonella can survive in chocolate products for up to 12 months, and its thermal resistance remained relatively stable. Thus, Salmonella is resistant to desiccation in chocolates, particularly in milk and white chocolates, and its thermal resistance remains during one-year storage, which could pose a potential threat for future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Sun
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Yucen Xie
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Shyam Sablani
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Juming Tang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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Stewart J, Pavic A. Advances in enteropathogen control throughout the meat chicken production chain. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:2346-2407. [PMID: 37038302 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Enteropathogens, namely Salmonella and Campylobacter, are a concern in global public health and have been attributed in numerous risk assessments to a poultry source. During the last decade, a large body of research addressing this problem has been published. The literature reviewed contains review articles on certain aspects of poultry production chain; however, in the past decade there has not been a review on the entire chain-farm to fork-of poultry production. For this review, a pool of 514 articles were selected for relevance via a systematic screening process (from >7500 original search articles). These studies identified a diversity of management and intervention strategies for the elimination or reduction of enteropathogens in poultry production. Many studies were laboratory or limited field trials with implementation in true commercial operations being problematic. Entities considering using commercial antienteropathogen products and interventions are advised to perform an internal validation and fit-for-purpose trial as Salmonella and Campylobacter serovars and biovars may have regional diversity. Future research should focus on nonchemical application within the processing plant and how a combination of synergisticinterventions through the production chain may contribute to reducing the overall carcass burden of enteropathogens, coupled with increased consumer education on safe handling and cooking of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Stewart
- Birling Laboratories Pty Ltd, Bringelly, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony Pavic
- Birling Laboratories Pty Ltd, Bringelly, New South Wales, Australia
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Cai DS, Yang XY, Yang YQ, Gao F, Cheng XH, Zhao YJ, Qi R, Zhang YZ, Lu JH, Lin XY, Liu YJ, Xu B, Wang PL, Lei HM. Design and synthesis of novel anti-multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus derivatives of glycyrrhetinic acid by blocking arginine biosynthesis, metabolic and H 2S biogenesis. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106337. [PMID: 36603244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
With the soaring number of multidrug-resistant bacteria, it is imperative to develop novel efficient antibacterial agents and discovery new antibacterial pathways. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of structurally novel glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) derivatives against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The in vitro antibacterial activity of these compounds was evaluated using the microbroth dilution method, agar plate coating experiments and real-time growth curves, respectively. Most of the target derivatives showed moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and MRSA (MIC = 3.125-25 μM), but inactivity against Escherichia coli (E. Coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) (MIC > 200 μM). Among them, compound 11 had the strongest antibacterial activity against MRSA, with an MIC value of 3.125 μM, which was 32 times and 64 times than the first-line antibiotics penicillin and norfloxacin, respectively. Additionally, transcriptomic (RNA-seq) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis revealed that the antibacterial mechanism of compound 11 was through blocking the arginine biosynthesis and metabolic and the H2S biogenesis. Importantly, compound 11 was confirmed to have good biocompatibility through the in vitro hemolysis tests, cytotoxicity assays and the in vivo quail chicken chorioallantoic membrane (qCAM) experiments. Current study provided new potential antibacterial candidates from glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives for clinical treatment of MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Sheng Cai
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yun Yang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Yang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Xue-Hao Cheng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Ya-Juan Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Rui Qi
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Yao-Zhi Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Ji-Hui Lu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Lin
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Yi-Jing Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China.
| | - Peng-Long Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China.
| | - Hai-Min Lei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, PR China.
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Zhang S, Wang Y, Ye J, Fan Q, Lin X, Gou Z, Jiang S. Dietary supplementation of bilberry anthocyanin on growth performance, intestinal mucosal barrier and cecal microbes of chickens challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:15. [PMID: 36670458 PMCID: PMC9854028 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00799-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins (AC) showed positive effects on improving the intestinal health and alleviating intestinal pathogen infections, therefore, an experiment was conducted to explore the protective effects of supplemented AC on Salmonella-infected chickens. METHODS A total of 240 hatchling chickens were randomly allocated to 4 treatments, each with 6 replicates. Birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (CON, and ST), 100 (ACL) and 400 (ACH) mg/kg of AC for d 60, and orally challenged with PBS (CON) or 109 CFU/bird (ST, ACL, ACH) Salmonella Typhimurium at d 14 and 16. RESULTS (1) Compared with birds in ST, AC supplementation increased the body weight (BW) at d 18 and the average daily gain (ADG) from d 1 to 18 of the Salmonella-infected chickens (P < 0.05); (2) AC decreased the number of Salmonella cells in the liver and spleen, the contents of NO in plasma and inflammatory cytokines in ileal mucosa of Salmonella-infected chickens (P < 0.05); (3) Salmonella infection decreased the ileal villi height, villi height to crypt depth (V/C), and the expression of zonulaoccludins-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1, occludin, and mucin 2 (MUC2) in ileal mucosa. AC supplementation relieved these adverse effects, and decreased ileal crypt depth (P < 0.05); (4) In cecal microbiota of Salmonella-infected chickens, AC increased (P < 0.05) the alpha-diversity (Chao1, Pd, Shannon and Sobs indexes) and the relative abundance of Firmicutes, and decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota and the enrichment of drug antimicrobial resistance, infectious bacterial disease, and immune disease pathways. CONCLUSIONS Dietary AC protected chicken against Salmonella infection via inhibiting the Salmonella colonization in liver and spleen, suppressing secretion of inflammatory cytokines, up-regulating the expression of ileal barrier-related genes, and ameliorating the composition and function of cecal microbes. Under conditions here used, 100 mg/kg bilberry anthocyanin was recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Yibing Wang
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Jinling Ye
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Qiuli Fan
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Xiajing Lin
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Zhongyong Gou
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Shouqun Jiang
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
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TELOMERASE MEDIATEDS PYROPTOSIS BY NF-κB Chicken telomerase reverse transcriptase mediates LMH cell pyroptosis by regulating the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101826. [PMID: 35385822 PMCID: PMC9170928 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase is regulated by the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway to various degrees to promote the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the regulatory roles of chicken telomerase reverse transcriptase (chTERT) and the NF-κB signaling pathway in chickens are still elusive, particularly in respect to the regulation of cell pyroptosis. In this study, we found that chTERT upregulated the expression of p65 and p50, downregulated the expression of IκBα, promoted the phosphorylation of p65, p50, and IκBα, and significantly increased the transcript levels of the inflammatory cytokines IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-6 in LMH cells. The activity of NF-κB was significantly decreased after siRNA-mediated chTERT silencing. The expression of chTERT and telomerase activity were also significantly decreased when the NF-κB signaling pathway was blocked by p65 siRNA, MG132 or BAY 11-7082. In cells treated with LPS, the activity of NF-κB signaling pathway and the expression of chTERT were significantly upregulated. All of the results suggested that chTERT and the NF-κB pathway could regulate each other, reciprocally. Moreover, the expression of Caspase-1, NLRP3, GSDMA, IL-18, and IL-1β and caused membrane perforation, suggesting the development of pyroptosis by chTERT in LMH cells. And the expression of caspase-11 did not significantly increased in chTERT overexpression group. Genetic silence of NF-κB p65 or chTERT gene by siRNA suppressed the expression of these proinflammatory cytokines, indicating that chTERT mediates pyroptosis by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway in LMH cells.
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Tan Y, Luo Y, Wang J, Liu N. Effect of Dietary Tetramethylpyrazine on Egg Production, Nutrient Retention and Cecal Bacterial Diversity in Aged Laying Hens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Tan
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Y Luo
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - J Wang
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - N Liu
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China; National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, China
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Shi H, Luo Y, Li Y, Zhang F, Liu N. Tetramethylpyrazine supplementation improves performance, digestion, blood and immune state of broilers exposure to oxidative stress. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:132-138. [PMID: 33964044 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on the growth performance, nutrient digestion, blood parameters and immunity of broilers under oxidative stress. Five treatments included negative control, positive control with lipopolysaccharide induction and TMP addition at 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg of diet using 600 male Arbor Acres broiler chicks. Results showed that during 1-14 days of age, body weight gain and feed efficiency in the positive control were worsened (p < .05) compared with the negative control, while with incremental TMP doses from 0 to 150 mg/kg there were linear and quadratic increases (p < .001) in body weight gain and a linear decrease in feed/gain (p = .001). During 12-14 days of age, with incremental TMP doses, crude protein digestibility was linearly increased (p = .001), and gross energy utilization was linearly and quadratically changed (p < .001). At 14 days of age, the TMP beneficially regulated digestive enzymes, blood parameters and immunoglobulins, showing linear and quadratic responses (p ≤ .008) on trypsin, lipase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glucose, lipoproteins, albumin, immunoglobulins (M, Y), interleukin 6 and interferon α, and only linear changes (p ≤ .030) on amylase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, immunoglobulin A and interleukin 2. Most parameters in TMP groups reached to the levels of negative control and the effects of TMP at 100 or 150 mg/kg were more pronounced on body weight gain, crude protein digestibility, trypsin and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. It is concluded that TMP can be used as a feed additive capable of improving growth, blood parameter and immunity of broiler chicks under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Shi
- Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yiran Luo
- Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yufa Li
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Mianchi, China
| | - Feike Zhang
- Luoyang Xintai Agro-pastoral Technology Co., Ltd, Luoyang, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Shi H, Deng X, Deng Q, Liu Z, Liu N. Probiotic Lactobacilli Improved Growth Performance and Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium Infection Via Jak/Stat Signaling in Broilers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Shi
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China; University of Georgia, USA
| | - X Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, China
| | - Q Deng
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Z Liu
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - N Liu
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China; National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, China
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Hao Y, Wang Z, Zou Y, He R, Ju X, Yuan J. Effect of static-state fermentation on volatile composition in rapeseed meal. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2145-2152. [PMID: 31903609 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fermented rapeseed meal has been used as an alternative protein source for animal feed, but the volatile compounds and how their contents change during fermentation have not been reported. To clarify the effect of static-state fermentation on its aroma, the volatile compounds of rapeseed meal during different stages of fermentation were analyzed using an electronic nose system and headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The results suggested that the volatile compounds in the raw rapeseed meal, mostly hydrocarbons and some aldehydes, were lost. The levels of the volatile compounds resulting from microbial metabolism, especially pyrazines, greatly increased during fermentation. Nonanal was the dominant volatile measured in the headspace of raw rapeseed meal. However, the volatile compounds found at high concentrations in rapeseed meal after 5 days of fermentation were tetramethylpyrazine, followed by butanoic acid, benzenepropanenitrile, 2-methylbutanoic acid, trimethylamine, 2,3,5-trimethyl-6-ethylpyrazine, and 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine. CONCLUSION The fermentation process could significantly change the composition and content of volatile compounds in rapeseed meal. The results may provide reference data for studies on the choice of fermentation period and formation mechanism of flavor substances in fermented rapeseed meal. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Hao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality, Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality, Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality, Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality, Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality, Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality, Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Liu N, Zhang F. Tetramethylpyrazine Protects Oxidative Stability and Gelation Property of Rabbit Myofibrillar Proteins. Food Sci Anim Resour 2019; 39:623-631. [PMID: 31508592 PMCID: PMC6728824 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2019.e52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an alkaloid rich in Ligusticum wallichii and fermented products, possesses multiple pharmacological activities in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TMP (15 mg/L) on the physicochemical and gelation properties of rabbit myofibrillar proteins (MPs) with/without oxidative stress. Results showed that compared to the control, oxidative stress to MPs decreased free thiol content, gel yield, whiteness, water-holding capacity, bounder water, immobilized water, and endogenous tryptophan fluorescence intensity, but increased surface hydrophobicity, dityrosine content, and free water content (p<0.01). Without oxidative stress, MPs treated with TMP increased free thiol content, whiteness, and bound water, but decreased dityrosine content and free water (p<0.05). Under oxidative conditions, all parameters were conversely affected by TMP (p<0.01). The results suggest that TMP can be an antioxidant to decrease the concern on oxidative deterioration during meat processing and storage by improving the oxidative stability, water retention, and gel forming property of rabbit MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ning Liu
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
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