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Niu L, Gao M, Ren H, De X, Jiang Z, Zhou X, Liu R, Li H, Duan H, Zhang C, Wang F, Ge J. A novel bacterium-like particles platform displaying antigens by new anchoring proteins induces efficacious immune responses. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1395837. [PMID: 38841059 PMCID: PMC11150769 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1395837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterium-like particles (BLP) are the peptidoglycan skeleton particles of lactic acid bacteria, which have high safety, mucosal delivery efficiency, and adjuvant effect. It has been widely used in recent years in the development of vaccines. Existing anchoring proteins for BLP surfaces are few in number, so screening and characterization of new anchoring proteins are necessary. In this research, we created the OACD (C-terminal domain of Escherichia coli outer membrane protein A) to serve as an anchoring protein on the surface of BLP produced by the immunomodulatory bacteria Levilactobacillus brevis 23017. We used red fluorescent protein (RFP) to demonstrate the novel surface display system's effectiveness, stability, and ability to be adapted to a wide range of lactic acid bacteria. Furthermore, this study employed this surface display method to develop a novel vaccine (called COB17) by using the multi-epitope antigen of Clostridium perfringens as the model antigen. The vaccine can induce more than 50% protection rate against C. perfringens type A challenge in mice immunized with a single dose and has been tested through three routes. The vaccine yields protection rates of 75% for subcutaneous, 50% for intranasal, and 75% for oral immunization. Additionally, it elicits a strong mucosal immune response, markedly increasing levels of specific IgG, high-affinity IgG, specific IgA, and SIgA antibodies. Additionally, we used protein anchors (PA) and OACD simultaneous to show several antigens on the BLP surface. The discovery of novel BLP anchoring proteins may expand the possibilities for creating mucosal immunity subunit vaccines. Additionally, it may work in concert with PA to provide concepts for the creation of multivalent or multiple vaccines that may be used in clinical practice to treat complex illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingdi Niu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Mingchun Gao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongkun Ren
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinqi De
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigang Jiang
- National Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Runhang Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hai Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Haoyuan Duan
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuankun Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Junwei Ge
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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2
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Guo Z, Ren H, Chang Q, Liu R, Zhou X, Xue K, Sun T, Luo J, Wang F, Ge J. Lactobacilli-derived adjuvants combined with immunoinformatics-driven multi-epitope antigens based approach protects against Clostridium perfringens in a mouse model. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131475. [PMID: 38608984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is ubiquitously distributed and capable of secreting toxins, posing a significant threat to animal health. Infections caused by Clostridium perfringens, such as Necrotic Enteritis (NE), result in substantial economic losses to the livestock industry annually. However, there is no effective commercial vaccine available. Hence, we set out to propose an effective approach for multi-epitope subunit vaccine construction utilizing biomolecules. We utilized immunoinformatics to design a novel multi-epitope antigen against C. perfringens (CPMEA). Furthermore, we innovated novel bacterium-like particles (BLPs) through thermal acid treatment of various Lactobacillus strains and selected BLP23017 among them. Then, we detailed the structure of CPMEA and BLPs and utilized them to prepare a multi-epitope vaccine. Here, we showed that our vaccine provided full protection against C. perfringens infection after a single dose in a mouse model. Additionally, BLP23017 notably augmented the secretion of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and enhanced antibody production. We conclude that our vaccine possess safety and high efficacy, making it an excellent candidate for preventing C. perfringens infection. Moreover, we demonstrate our approach to vaccine construction and the preparation of BLP23017 with distinct advantages may contribute to the prevention of a wider array of diseases and the novel vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongkun Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingru Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Runhang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease control and prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Kun Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jilong Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease control and prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
| | - Junwei Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Harbin 150030, China.
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3
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Moore RJ. Necrotic enteritis and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens: Challenges in testing and using alternative products. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:288-298. [PMID: 38371475 PMCID: PMC10869589 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The global trend towards raising broiler chickens without the use of in-feed antibiotics (IFAs) means that there is an ongoing need to develop alternative treatments capable of delivering the benefits that IFAs previously provided. IFAs supported the productivity performance of chickens and played a key role in maintaining their health. Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an important disease of broilers that affects health, productivity, and welfare, and was previously well controlled by IFAs. However, with the reduction in IFA use, NE is resurgent in some countries. Vaccines and various feed additives, including pre-, pro-, and postbiotics, phytobiotics, fatty acids, and phage therapies have been introduced as alternative methods of NE control. While some of these feed additives have specific activity against the NE pathogen, Clostridium perfringens, most have the more general goal of reinforcing gut health. Extensive reviews of the effects of many of these feed additives on gut health have been published recently. Hence, rather than cover previously well reviewed areas of research this review focuses on the challenges and pitfalls in undertaking experimental assessment of alternative NE treatments and translating laboratory research to real world commercial production settings. The review is based on the author's particular experience, reading, thoughts, and analysis of the available information and inevitably presents a particular understanding that is likely to be at odds with others thinking on these issues. It is put forward to stimulate thinking and discussion on the issues covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Moore
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
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4
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Gaghan C, Gorrell K, Taha-Abdelaziz K, Sharif S, Kulkarni RR. Intracloacal Inoculation of Broiler Chickens with Clostridium perfringens Strains: Evaluation of Necrotic Enteritis Disease Development and Lymphoid Immune Responses. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030771. [PMID: 36985344 PMCID: PMC10054439 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease of chickens. We have recently shown that inflammatory responses in chickens inoculated orally with virulent Clostridium perfringens were spatially regulated. Here, we used previously virulence-characterized netB+ C. perfringens strains, avirulent CP5 and virulent CP18 and CP26, to assess the severity of NE and immune responses in broiler chickens when inoculated intracloacally. The results showed that CP18- and CP26-infected birds had a reduced weight gain and developed milder/less severe NE lesions, as determined by the gross lesions scores, suggesting a subclinical-grade infection. Gene expression analysis in infected birds revealed three statistically significant observations compared to uninfected-control: (1) Increased expression of anti-inflammatory/immunoregulatory interleukin (IL)-10/transforming growth factor (TGF)β in cecal tonsil (CT) and bursa of Fabricius in the CP18/CP26-infected groups. (2) Increased CT transcription of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6 and interferon (IFN)γ and decreased Harderian gland (HG) expression of IFNγ in the CP18/CP26-infected birds. (3) Increased HG or bursal expression of IL-4 and IL-13 in CP5-infected birds. Collectively, intracloacal C. perfringens inoculation seems to induce a highly regulated inflammatory response in the CT and other mucosal lymphoid organs and an intracloacal infection model may be useful in evaluating immune responses in chickens with subclinical NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carissa Gaghan
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Kaitlin Gorrell
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Khaled Taha-Abdelaziz
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Shayan Sharif
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Raveendra R. Kulkarni
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-919-513-6277
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Valipouri A, Rahimi S, Karkhane A, Torshizi MAK, Mobarez AM, Grimes J. Immunization of broiler chickens with recombinant alpha-toxin protein for protection against necrotic enteritis#. J APPL POULTRY RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2022.100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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6
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Soto LF, Romaní AC, Jiménez-Avalos G, Silva Y, Ordinola-Ramirez CM, Lopez Lapa RM, Requena D. Immunoinformatic analysis of the whole proteome for vaccine design: An application to Clostridium perfringens. Front Immunol 2022; 13:942907. [PMID: 36110855 PMCID: PMC9469472 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.942907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is a dangerous bacterium and known biological warfare weapon associated with several diseases, whose lethal toxins can produce necrosis in humans. However, there is no safe and fully effective vaccine against C. perfringens for humans yet. To address this problem, we computationally screened its whole proteome, identifying highly immunogenic proteins, domains, and epitopes. First, we identified that the proteins with the highest epitope density are Collagenase A, Exo-alpha-sialidase, alpha n-acetylglucosaminidase and hyaluronoglucosaminidase, representing potential recombinant vaccine candidates. Second, we further explored the toxins, finding that the non-toxic domain of Perfringolysin O is enriched in CTL and HTL epitopes. This domain could be used as a potential sub-unit vaccine to combat gas gangrene. And third, we designed a multi-epitope protein containing 24 HTL-epitopes and 34 CTL-epitopes from extracellular regions of transmembrane proteins. Also, we analyzed the structural properties of this novel protein using molecular dynamics. Altogether, we are presenting a thorough immunoinformatic exploration of the whole proteome of C. perfringens, as well as promising whole-protein, domain-based and multi-epitope vaccine candidates. These can be evaluated in preclinical trials to assess their immunogenicity and protection against C. perfringens infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis F. Soto
- Escuela Profesional de Genética y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Ana C. Romaní
- Escuela Profesional de Genética y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Gabriel Jiménez-Avalos
- Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Laboratorio de Bioinformática, Biología Molecular y Desarrollos Tecnológicos, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Lima, Peru
| | - Yshoner Silva
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Carla M. Ordinola-Ramirez
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Rainer M. Lopez Lapa
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Instituto de Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - David Requena
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: David Requena,
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7
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A triple-sugar regulated Salmonella vaccine protects against Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101592. [PMID: 34922043 PMCID: PMC8686071 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-positive Clostridium perfringens type G, the causative agent of necrotic enteritis (NE), has gained more attention in the poultry industry due to governmental restrictions on the use of growth-promoting antibiotics in poultry feed. Our previous work has proved that regulated delayed lysis Salmonella vaccines delivering a plasmid encoding an operon fusion of the nontoxic C-terminal adhesive part of alpha toxin and a GST-NetB toxin fusion were able to elicit significant protective immunity in broilers against C. perfringens challenge. We recently improved our S. Typhimurium antigen delivery vaccine strain by integrating a rhamnose-regulated O-antigen synthesis gene enabling a triple-sugar regulation system to control virulence, antigen-synthesis and lysis in vivo traits. The strain also includes a ΔsifA mutation that was previously shown to increase the immunogenicity of and level of protective immunity induced by Salmonella vectored influenza and Eimeria antigens. The new antigen-delivery vaccine vector system confers on the vaccine strain a safe profile and improved protection against C. perfringens challenge. The strain with the triple-sugar regulation system delivering a regulated lysis plasmid pG8R220 encoding the PlcC and GST-NetB antigens protected chickens at a similar level observed in antibiotic-treated chickens. Feed conversion and growth performance were also similar to antibiotic-treated chickens. These studies made use of a severe C. perfringens challenge with lesion formation and mortality enhanced by pre-exposure to Eimeria maxima oocysts. The vaccine achieved effectiveness through three different immunization routes, oral, spray and in drinking water. The vaccine has a potential for application in commercial hatcher and broiler-rearing conditions.
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8
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Eto SF, Fernandes DC, Baldassi AC, Balbuena TS, da Costa Alecrim JV, Almeida de Carvalho FC, Lima C, Lopes-Ferreira M, Pizauro JM. Proteomic analysis capsule synthesis and redox mechanisms in the intracellular survival of group B Streptococcus in fish microglia. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 118:34-50. [PMID: 34464686 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes meningitis in neonates and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The molecular mechanisms regulating the intracellular survival of this pathogen in the host cell are complex and crucial for the progression of infection. Thus, we propose the use of GBS-infected Nile tilapia microglia as an in vitro model system simulating infection caused by homologous bacteria in humans. We used this model to evaluate the phagocytic activity, as well as the functional aspects of the capsular proteins A, B, C, and D and the major redox enzymes, and the synergistic role of mechanisms/proteins involved in blocking phagocytic process. We observed that in the intracellular phase, GBS showed enhanced synthesis of the polysaccharide capsule and used superoxide dismutase, thioredoxin, NADH oxidase, and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase to scavenge reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species produced by the host cell. Furthermore, although these virulence mechanisms were effective during the initial hours of infection, they were not able to subvert microglial responses, which partially neutralized the infection. Altogether, our findings provided important information regarding the intracellular survival mechanisms of GBS and perspectives for the production of new drugs and vaccines, through the druggability analysis of specific proteins. In conclusion, tilapia microglia serve as a potent in vitro experimental model for the study of meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas Fernandes Eto
- Department of Postgraduate in Health Sciences-PROCISA, Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Boa Vista, 69310-000, Brazil.
| | - Dayanne Carla Fernandes
- Immunochemistry Laboratory, Butantan Institute, (CeTICs/FAPESP), Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantã, 05503-009, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Cristina Baldassi
- Department of Technology, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, Sao Paulo/ SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Santana Balbuena
- Department of Technology, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, Sao Paulo/ SP, Brazil
| | - João Victor da Costa Alecrim
- Department of Postgraduate in Health Sciences-PROCISA, Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Boa Vista, 69310-000, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Lima
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantã, 05503-009, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Lopes-Ferreira
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CeTICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, Vital Brazil Avenue, 1500, Butantã, 05503-009, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Martins Pizauro
- Department of Technology, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, Sao Paulo/ SP, Brazil
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9
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Fancher CA, Thames HT, Colvin MG, Zhang L, Nuthalapati N, Kiess A, Dinh TTN, Sukumaran AT. Research Note: Prevalence and molecular characteristics of Clostridium perfringens in "no antibiotics ever" broiler farms. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101414. [PMID: 34534849 PMCID: PMC8449044 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is the etiological agent of necrotic enteritis and gangrenous dermatitis; 2 diseases that cause significant economic and welfare concerns to the broiler industry. Previously, Clostridium-related diseases were managed with the use of antimicrobial growth promoters fed to broilers that improved gut health and performance. The recent shift to no antibiotics ever (NAE) production has increased the incidence of Clostridium-related diseases. The objective of this study was to identify C. perfringens prevalence and toxinotypes in NAE farms. Samples of litter, feces, and cloacal swabs were collected from 4 NAE broiler farms in the summer of 2019, on d 28 and d 56 of one flock cycle. A total of 734 presumptive isolates were obtained from 192 samples collected in the study. Irrespective of the age of flock and sample type, all 192 samples contained at least one colony presumptively identified as C. perfringens on Perfringens agar plate with morphology as a single, round colony with opaque ring and black center. All isolates were further screened using PCR for confirmation, toxinotyping, and identification of virulence-associated genes. Only 9 isolates among the 734 presumptive isolates were confirmed as C. perfringens and all confirmed isolates were toxinotype A with variation in presence of netB, cpb2, and tpeL. More extensive studies are required to assess the prevalence and virulence of C. perfringens in NAE farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Fancher
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Hudson T Thames
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Mary G Colvin
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Nikhil Nuthalapati
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Aaron Kiess
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA
| | - Thu T N Dinh
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Anuraj T Sukumaran
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
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10
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Fancher CA, Zhang L, Kiess AS, Adhikari PA, Dinh TT, Sukumaran AT. Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens: Challenges in No Antibiotics Ever Broiler Production and Potential Solutions. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1533. [PMID: 33036173 PMCID: PMC7599686 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
United States is the largest producer and the second largest exporter of broiler meat in the world. In the US, broiler production is largely converting to antibiotic-free programs which has caused an increase in morbidity and mortality within broiler farms. Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens are two important pathogenic bacteria readily found in the broiler environment and result in annual billion-dollar losses from colibacillosis, gangrenous dermatitis, and necrotic enteritis. The broiler industry is in search of non-antibiotic alternatives including novel vaccines, prebiotics, probiotics, and housing management strategies to mitigate production losses due to these diseases. This review provides an overview of the broiler industry and antibiotic free production, current challenges, and emerging research on antibiotic alternatives to reduce pathogenic microbial presence and improve bird health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A. Fancher
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (C.A.F.); (L.Z.); (A.S.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (C.A.F.); (L.Z.); (A.S.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Aaron S. Kiess
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (C.A.F.); (L.Z.); (A.S.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Pratima A. Adhikari
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (C.A.F.); (L.Z.); (A.S.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Thu T.N. Dinh
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA;
| | - Anuraj T. Sukumaran
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (C.A.F.); (L.Z.); (A.S.K.); (P.A.A.)
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